COMT, CRTZ, and F3′H regulate glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis in Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots
Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. is prescribed as one of the original plants of licorice in Chinese Pharmacopoeia . This herbal medicine possesses numerous pharmacological activities and has been used in clinic in China since ancient times. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid compound isolated from...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant growth regulation 2023-09, Vol.101 (1), p.115-130 |
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| creator | Zhang, Zhixin Ding, Wenwen Chen, Ziyi Xu, Wenpu Wang, Doudou Lu, Tiangong Liu, Ying |
| description | Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Fisch. is prescribed as one of the original plants of licorice in
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
. This herbal medicine possesses numerous pharmacological activities and has been used in clinic in China since ancient times. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid compound isolated from
G. uralensis
. It is often used as one of the marker components for the medicinal quality of the herb
.
Previously, we showed that the expression levels of three genes in
G. uralensis
were inversely correlated with the content of GA, including the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase gene (
COMT
), the
β
-carotene 3-hydroxylase gene (
CRTZ
), and the flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase gene (
F3′H
). In this study, the main aim is to determine the roles of the three genes on GA production through gene knockout and overexpression in
G. uralensis
hairy roots. We observed that neither knockout nor overexpression of any of the genes affected the viability of the transgenic hairy roots, indicating that these genes are not essential for survival of hairy roots. Compared with the wild type and negative control hairy roots, GA content was significantly lower in hairy roots overexpressing
COMT
,
CRTZ
, or
F3′H
, but higher in those with anyone of the genes knocked out. Our findings demonstrate that the three genes,
COMT
,
CRTZ
, and
F3′H
, all negatively regulate the GA biosynthesis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10725-023-01005-0 |
| format | Article |
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Fisch. is prescribed as one of the original plants of licorice in
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
. This herbal medicine possesses numerous pharmacological activities and has been used in clinic in China since ancient times. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid compound isolated from
G. uralensis
. It is often used as one of the marker components for the medicinal quality of the herb
.
Previously, we showed that the expression levels of three genes in
G. uralensis
were inversely correlated with the content of GA, including the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase gene (
COMT
), the
β
-carotene 3-hydroxylase gene (
CRTZ
), and the flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase gene (
F3′H
). In this study, the main aim is to determine the roles of the three genes on GA production through gene knockout and overexpression in
G. uralensis
hairy roots. We observed that neither knockout nor overexpression of any of the genes affected the viability of the transgenic hairy roots, indicating that these genes are not essential for survival of hairy roots. Compared with the wild type and negative control hairy roots, GA content was significantly lower in hairy roots overexpressing
COMT
,
CRTZ
, or
F3′H
, but higher in those with anyone of the genes knocked out. Our findings demonstrate that the three genes,
COMT
,
CRTZ
, and
F3′H
, all negatively regulate the GA biosynthesis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0167-6903</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-5087</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10725-023-01005-0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biosynthesis ; Caffeic acid ; Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase ; Carotene ; Flavonoids ; Gene expression ; Genes ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; Hairy root ; Herbal medicine ; Life Sciences ; Medicinal plants ; Methyltransferase ; Original Paper ; Plant Anatomy/Development ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; Roots ; β-Carotene</subject><ispartof>Plant growth regulation, 2023-09, Vol.101 (1), p.115-130</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2290-5f02b706a7271a60ce7cf5f2916b6e9502653c52d89e1a4a9006e4c353081ef53</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9084-7894</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10725-023-01005-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10725-023-01005-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhixin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Wenwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ziyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wenpu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Doudou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Tiangong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Ying</creatorcontrib><title>COMT, CRTZ, and F3′H regulate glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis in Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots</title><title>Plant growth regulation</title><addtitle>Plant Growth Regul</addtitle><description>Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Fisch. is prescribed as one of the original plants of licorice in
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
. This herbal medicine possesses numerous pharmacological activities and has been used in clinic in China since ancient times. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid compound isolated from
G. uralensis
. It is often used as one of the marker components for the medicinal quality of the herb
.
Previously, we showed that the expression levels of three genes in
G. uralensis
were inversely correlated with the content of GA, including the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase gene (
COMT
), the
β
-carotene 3-hydroxylase gene (
CRTZ
), and the flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase gene (
F3′H
). In this study, the main aim is to determine the roles of the three genes on GA production through gene knockout and overexpression in
G. uralensis
hairy roots. We observed that neither knockout nor overexpression of any of the genes affected the viability of the transgenic hairy roots, indicating that these genes are not essential for survival of hairy roots. Compared with the wild type and negative control hairy roots, GA content was significantly lower in hairy roots overexpressing
COMT
,
CRTZ
, or
F3′H
, but higher in those with anyone of the genes knocked out. Our findings demonstrate that the three genes,
COMT
,
CRTZ
, and
F3′H
, all negatively regulate the GA biosynthesis.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biosynthesis</subject><subject>Caffeic acid</subject><subject>Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase</subject><subject>Carotene</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</subject><subject>Hairy root</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Medicinal plants</subject><subject>Methyltransferase</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Plant Anatomy/Development</subject><subject>Plant Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Roots</subject><subject>β-Carotene</subject><issn>0167-6903</issn><issn>1573-5087</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kLFOwzAQhi0EEqXwAkyWWGs427WdjCiiLVJRJVQWFst1ndZVSIqdDGHimXgknoSUINiY7nT3_XfSh9AlhWsKoG4iBcUEAcYJdIOuO0IDKhQnAhJ1jAZApSIyBX6KzmLcAUCSCDpANls8LEc4e1w-j7Ap13jCP98_Zji4TVOY2uFN0do2hK1_8xYb69d45avYlvXWRR-xL_H0lzC4CaZw5WGxNT60OFRVHc_RSW6K6C5-6hA9Te6W2YzMF9P77HZOLGMpEJEDWymQRjFFjQTrlM1FzlIqV9KlApgU3Aq2TlJHzdikANKNLRccEupywYfoqr-7D9Vr42Ktd1UTyu6lZsmYp5ILpjqK9ZQNVYzB5Xof_IsJraagDzJ1L1N3MvW3TA1diPeh2MHlxoW_0_-kvgBs2nbu</recordid><startdate>20230901</startdate><enddate>20230901</enddate><creator>Zhang, Zhixin</creator><creator>Ding, Wenwen</creator><creator>Chen, Ziyi</creator><creator>Xu, Wenpu</creator><creator>Wang, Doudou</creator><creator>Lu, Tiangong</creator><creator>Liu, Ying</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-7894</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230901</creationdate><title>COMT, CRTZ, and F3′H regulate glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis in Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots</title><author>Zhang, Zhixin ; Ding, Wenwen ; Chen, Ziyi ; Xu, Wenpu ; Wang, Doudou ; Lu, Tiangong ; Liu, Ying</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2290-5f02b706a7271a60ce7cf5f2916b6e9502653c52d89e1a4a9006e4c353081ef53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biosynthesis</topic><topic>Caffeic acid</topic><topic>Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase</topic><topic>Carotene</topic><topic>Flavonoids</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</topic><topic>Hairy root</topic><topic>Herbal medicine</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Medicinal plants</topic><topic>Methyltransferase</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Plant Anatomy/Development</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Roots</topic><topic>β-Carotene</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhixin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Wenwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Ziyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wenpu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Doudou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Tiangong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Ying</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Plant growth regulation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Zhixin</au><au>Ding, Wenwen</au><au>Chen, Ziyi</au><au>Xu, Wenpu</au><au>Wang, Doudou</au><au>Lu, Tiangong</au><au>Liu, Ying</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>COMT, CRTZ, and F3′H regulate glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis in Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots</atitle><jtitle>Plant growth regulation</jtitle><stitle>Plant Growth Regul</stitle><date>2023-09-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>101</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>115</spage><epage>130</epage><pages>115-130</pages><issn>0167-6903</issn><eissn>1573-5087</eissn><abstract>Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Fisch. is prescribed as one of the original plants of licorice in
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
. This herbal medicine possesses numerous pharmacological activities and has been used in clinic in China since ancient times. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a triterpenoid compound isolated from
G. uralensis
. It is often used as one of the marker components for the medicinal quality of the herb
.
Previously, we showed that the expression levels of three genes in
G. uralensis
were inversely correlated with the content of GA, including the caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase gene (
COMT
), the
β
-carotene 3-hydroxylase gene (
CRTZ
), and the flavonoid 3′-monooxygenase gene (
F3′H
). In this study, the main aim is to determine the roles of the three genes on GA production through gene knockout and overexpression in
G. uralensis
hairy roots. We observed that neither knockout nor overexpression of any of the genes affected the viability of the transgenic hairy roots, indicating that these genes are not essential for survival of hairy roots. Compared with the wild type and negative control hairy roots, GA content was significantly lower in hairy roots overexpressing
COMT
,
CRTZ
, or
F3′H
, but higher in those with anyone of the genes knocked out. Our findings demonstrate that the three genes,
COMT
,
CRTZ
, and
F3′H
, all negatively regulate the GA biosynthesis.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s10725-023-01005-0</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-7894</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Plant growth regulation, 2023-09, Vol.101 (1), p.115-130 |
| issn | 0167-6903 1573-5087 |
| language | eng |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Agriculture Biomedical and Life Sciences Biosynthesis Caffeic acid Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase Carotene Flavonoids Gene expression Genes Glycyrrhiza uralensis Hairy root Herbal medicine Life Sciences Medicinal plants Methyltransferase Original Paper Plant Anatomy/Development Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Roots β-Carotene |
| title | COMT, CRTZ, and F3′H regulate glycyrrhizic acid biosynthesis in Glycyrrhiza uralensis hairy roots |
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