Traits help explain species' performance away from their climate niche centre

Aim Climate change impacts on biota are variable across sites, among species and throughout individual species' ranges. Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies fin...

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Veröffentlicht in:Diversity & distributions 2023-08, Vol.29 (8), p.962-978
Hauptverfasser: Lynn, Joshua S., Gya, Ragnhild, Klanderud, Kari, Telford, Richard J., Goldberg, Deborah E., Vandvik, Vigdis
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container_end_page 978
container_issue 8
container_start_page 962
container_title Diversity & distributions
container_volume 29
creator Lynn, Joshua S.
Gya, Ragnhild
Klanderud, Kari
Telford, Richard J.
Goldberg, Deborah E.
Vandvik, Vigdis
description Aim Climate change impacts on biota are variable across sites, among species and throughout individual species' ranges. Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies find significant variation from these predictions. Here, we propose that predictions about climate responses can be improved by incorporating species' trait information. Location Europe. Methods We used observations of plant species abundance change over time to assess variation in climate difference sensitivity (CDS), defined as how species performance (colonization, extinction and abundance change) relates to the difference of site climate from the mean temperature and precipitation of each species' range. We then investigated if leaf economics, plant size and seed mass traits were associated with the species' CDS. Results Species that performed better (e.g. increased in abundance) towards sites progressively cooler than their niche centre were shorter and had more resource‐acquisitive leaves (i.e. lower leaf dry matter content or LDMC) relative to species with zero or the opposite pattern of temperature difference sensitivity. This result supports the hypothesis that if sites cooler than niche centres are more stressful for a species, then shorter stature is advantageous compared with taller species. The LDMC result suggests the environment selects for more resource‐acquisitive leaf strategies towards relatively cooler climates with shorter growing seasons, counter to expectations that conservative strategies would be favoured in such environments. We found few consistent relationships between precipitation difference sensitivities and traits. Main Conclusions The results supported key a priori foundations on how trait‐based plant strategies dictate species responses to climate variation away from their niche centre. Furthermore, plant height emerged as the most consistent trait that varied with species CDS, suggesting height will be key for theory development around species response to climate change.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/ddi.13718
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Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies find significant variation from these predictions. Here, we propose that predictions about climate responses can be improved by incorporating species' trait information. Location Europe. Methods We used observations of plant species abundance change over time to assess variation in climate difference sensitivity (CDS), defined as how species performance (colonization, extinction and abundance change) relates to the difference of site climate from the mean temperature and precipitation of each species' range. We then investigated if leaf economics, plant size and seed mass traits were associated with the species' CDS. Results Species that performed better (e.g. increased in abundance) towards sites progressively cooler than their niche centre were shorter and had more resource‐acquisitive leaves (i.e. lower leaf dry matter content or LDMC) relative to species with zero or the opposite pattern of temperature difference sensitivity. This result supports the hypothesis that if sites cooler than niche centres are more stressful for a species, then shorter stature is advantageous compared with taller species. The LDMC result suggests the environment selects for more resource‐acquisitive leaf strategies towards relatively cooler climates with shorter growing seasons, counter to expectations that conservative strategies would be favoured in such environments. We found few consistent relationships between precipitation difference sensitivities and traits. Main Conclusions The results supported key a priori foundations on how trait‐based plant strategies dictate species responses to climate variation away from their niche centre. Furthermore, plant height emerged as the most consistent trait that varied with species CDS, suggesting height will be key for theory development around species response to climate change.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1366-9516</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1472-4642</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13718</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Wiley</publisher><subject>Abundance ; biodiversity ; Biota ; body size ; Carbon ; Climate change ; Climate prediction ; Colonization ; Dry matter ; Environmental impact ; extinction and colonization ; functional traits ; Growing season ; Hypotheses ; Leaves ; niche theory ; Niches ; Plant species ; plants ; Plants (botany) ; Population decline ; Precipitation ; RESEARCH ARTICLE ; Species extinction ; Temperature gradients ; Variation</subject><ispartof>Diversity &amp; distributions, 2023-08, Vol.29 (8), p.962-978</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors</rights><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>2023. 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Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies find significant variation from these predictions. Here, we propose that predictions about climate responses can be improved by incorporating species' trait information. Location Europe. Methods We used observations of plant species abundance change over time to assess variation in climate difference sensitivity (CDS), defined as how species performance (colonization, extinction and abundance change) relates to the difference of site climate from the mean temperature and precipitation of each species' range. We then investigated if leaf economics, plant size and seed mass traits were associated with the species' CDS. Results Species that performed better (e.g. increased in abundance) towards sites progressively cooler than their niche centre were shorter and had more resource‐acquisitive leaves (i.e. lower leaf dry matter content or LDMC) relative to species with zero or the opposite pattern of temperature difference sensitivity. This result supports the hypothesis that if sites cooler than niche centres are more stressful for a species, then shorter stature is advantageous compared with taller species. The LDMC result suggests the environment selects for more resource‐acquisitive leaf strategies towards relatively cooler climates with shorter growing seasons, counter to expectations that conservative strategies would be favoured in such environments. We found few consistent relationships between precipitation difference sensitivities and traits. 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distributions</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lynn, Joshua S.</au><au>Gya, Ragnhild</au><au>Klanderud, Kari</au><au>Telford, Richard J.</au><au>Goldberg, Deborah E.</au><au>Vandvik, Vigdis</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Traits help explain species' performance away from their climate niche centre</atitle><jtitle>Diversity &amp; distributions</jtitle><date>2023-08-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>962</spage><epage>978</epage><pages>962-978</pages><issn>1366-9516</issn><eissn>1472-4642</eissn><abstract>Aim Climate change impacts on biota are variable across sites, among species and throughout individual species' ranges. Niche theory predicts that population performance should decline as site climate becomes increasingly different from the species' climate niche centre, though studies find significant variation from these predictions. Here, we propose that predictions about climate responses can be improved by incorporating species' trait information. Location Europe. Methods We used observations of plant species abundance change over time to assess variation in climate difference sensitivity (CDS), defined as how species performance (colonization, extinction and abundance change) relates to the difference of site climate from the mean temperature and precipitation of each species' range. We then investigated if leaf economics, plant size and seed mass traits were associated with the species' CDS. Results Species that performed better (e.g. increased in abundance) towards sites progressively cooler than their niche centre were shorter and had more resource‐acquisitive leaves (i.e. lower leaf dry matter content or LDMC) relative to species with zero or the opposite pattern of temperature difference sensitivity. This result supports the hypothesis that if sites cooler than niche centres are more stressful for a species, then shorter stature is advantageous compared with taller species. The LDMC result suggests the environment selects for more resource‐acquisitive leaf strategies towards relatively cooler climates with shorter growing seasons, counter to expectations that conservative strategies would be favoured in such environments. We found few consistent relationships between precipitation difference sensitivities and traits. Main Conclusions The results supported key a priori foundations on how trait‐based plant strategies dictate species responses to climate variation away from their niche centre. Furthermore, plant height emerged as the most consistent trait that varied with species CDS, suggesting height will be key for theory development around species response to climate change.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Wiley</pub><doi>10.1111/ddi.13718</doi><tpages>17</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-2069</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-3076</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-0432</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1049-7025</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-4798</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7190-7991</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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ispartof Diversity & distributions, 2023-08, Vol.29 (8), p.962-978
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subjects Abundance
biodiversity
Biota
body size
Carbon
Climate change
Climate prediction
Colonization
Dry matter
Environmental impact
extinction and colonization
functional traits
Growing season
Hypotheses
Leaves
niche theory
Niches
Plant species
plants
Plants (botany)
Population decline
Precipitation
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Species extinction
Temperature gradients
Variation
title Traits help explain species' performance away from their climate niche centre
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