A comprehensive review on advanced thermochemical processes for bio-hydrogen production via microwave and plasma technologies

Substantial advances in research, thriving use, and further product recovery contribute to improvements and variations in current biomass processing thermochemical processes. This study offers a summary of the concepts, methods, benefits, and demerits of biomass thermochemical conversions such as pyrolysis and gasification using microwave and plasma technologies for bio-hydrogen production. This article also offers a comprehensive overview of the evolving biogas for bio-hydrogen production. These technologies generate up to 95% bio-hydrogen and can process a wide variety of biomass and waste. The current study also includes assessing the overall description of the microwave plasma cycle and the effect of several operational parameters on H 2 performance. This extensive knowledge will help potential researchers to interlink with industry to make feasible, sustainable hydrogen production.