Breeding of high-yielding rice varieties with increased technological indicators of grain and milled rice quality

The strategically correct direction of the vector of development of modern breeding is reflected in the development and introduction of high-yielding rice varieties with excellent grain and milled rice quality. This paper presents the results of a multi-year evaluation of new rice varieties under competitive testing for the period 2018-2021, on the rice irrigation system of “Federal Scientific Rice Centre” (“FSRC”), Belozerny, Krasnodar region. Significant differences in yield and its main structural elements were revealed, in comparison with the standard. The maximum yield was formed by Dialog and Trio - 11.27 and 10.33 tons/ha with an average grain capacity of agrophytocenosis of 56.60 and 47.12 thousand pcs/m2, respectively. According to the grain size, two promising varieties VNIIR 10254 and VNIIR 10281 were distinguished with a mass of 1000 grains of 43.0 and 34.4 g and head rice content of 84.1 and 84.5%, respectively. The presented varieties have a number of specific advantages in comparison with the standard - Trio has an elongated grain shape (L/B=2.79) and the maximum head rice content - 93.6%; Dialog formed the highest yield in the experiment - 11.27 t/ha with a mass of 1000 grains equal to 30.8 g and a total milling yield - 70.3%; VNIIR 10254, despite the low yield - 7.67 t / ha, although with an average economical coefficient equal to 0.55, formed the maximum mass of 1000 grains - 43.0 g with head rice content of 84.1%; VNIIR 10281 with an average yield of 10.23 t/ha, which is at the level of the Flagman standard, significantly exceeds its mass of 1000 grains - 34.4 g. Also, in large-grain varieties (VNIIR 10254 and VNIIR 10281), the least filminess was revealed in the experiment - 17.7 and 17.6%, respectively. Based on the results of a long-term assessment, large-grain samples were prepared for transfer in subsequent years to the State Variety Testing (SVT).