Development and classification of RNA aptamers for therapeutic purposes: an updated review with emphasis on cancer
Today, RNA aptamers are being considered promising theranostic tools against a wide variety of disorders. RNA aptamers can fold into complex shapes and bind to diverse nanostructures, macromolecules, cells, and viruses. It is possible to isolate RNA aptamers from a vast pool of nucleic acids via the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2023-07, Vol.478 (7), p.1573-1598 |
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| creator | Razlansari, Mahtab Jafarinejad, Somayeh rahdar, Abbas Shirvaliloo, Milad Arshad, Rabia Fathi-Karkan, Sonia Mirinejad, Shekoufeh Sargazi, Saman Sheervalilou, Roghayeh Ajalli, Narges Pandey, Sadanand |
| description | Today, RNA aptamers are being considered promising theranostic tools against a wide variety of disorders. RNA aptamers can fold into complex shapes and bind to diverse nanostructures, macromolecules, cells, and viruses. It is possible to isolate RNA aptamers from a vast pool of nucleic acids via the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) method. As therapeutics, aptamers have great potential because of their ability to bind to proteins and selectively limit their activities with negligible side effects. Several RNA aptamers with potential implications in cancer diagnosis are known to confer a great affinity for single-stranded DNA molecules, long non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells, vascular endothelial growth factors, and tissue and sera-derived exosomes in patients with different malignancies. Furthermore, clinical investigations have revealed the efficacy of RNA aptamer-based agents in imaging modalities. This review seeks to deliver new insights into the development, classification, nanomerization, and modification of RNA aptamers, as well as their applications in cancer theranostics. The aptamers’ mechanism of action and their interest to clinical trials as theranostic agents are also discussed.
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11010-022-04614-x |
| format | Article |
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RNA aptamers can fold into complex shapes and bind to diverse nanostructures, macromolecules, cells, and viruses. It is possible to isolate RNA aptamers from a vast pool of nucleic acids via the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) method. As therapeutics, aptamers have great potential because of their ability to bind to proteins and selectively limit their activities with negligible side effects. Several RNA aptamers with potential implications in cancer diagnosis are known to confer a great affinity for single-stranded DNA molecules, long non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor cells, vascular endothelial growth factors, and tissue and sera-derived exosomes in patients with different malignancies. Furthermore, clinical investigations have revealed the efficacy of RNA aptamer-based agents in imaging modalities. This review seeks to deliver new insights into the development, classification, nanomerization, and modification of RNA aptamers, as well as their applications in cancer theranostics. The aptamers’ mechanism of action and their interest to clinical trials as theranostic agents are also discussed.
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| ispartof | Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2023-07, Vol.478 (7), p.1573-1598 |
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| subjects | Aptamers Aptamers, Nucleotide - chemistry Aptamers, Nucleotide - metabolism Aptamers, Nucleotide - therapeutic use Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Cancer Cancer Research Cardiology Classification Clinical trials DNA Endothelial growth factors Exosomes Growth factors Health aspects Homeopathy Humans Life Sciences Macromolecules Malignancy Materia medica and therapeutics Medical Biochemistry Metastasis Neoplasms - drug therapy Neoplasms - therapy Nucleic acids Precision medicine Protein binding Proteins Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA modification Side effects Single-stranded DNA Therapeutic applications Therapeutics Tumor cells |
| title | Development and classification of RNA aptamers for therapeutic purposes: an updated review with emphasis on cancer |
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