Uniaxial-Strain Tuning of the Intertwined Orders in BaFe\(_2\)(As\(_{1-x}\)P\(_{x}\))\(_2\)

An experimental determination of electronic phase diagrams of high-transition temperature (high-\(T_c\)) superconductors forms the basis for a microscopic understanding of unconventional superconductivity. For most high-\(T_c\) superconductors, the electronic phase diagrams are established through partial chemical substitution, which also induces lattice disorder. Here we show that symmetry-specific uniaxial strain can be used to study electronic phases in iron-based superconductors, composed of two-dimensional nearly square iron lattice planed separated by other elements. By applying tunable uniaxial strain along different high symmetry directions and carrying out transport measurements, we establish strain-tuning dependent electronic nematicity, antiferromagnetic (AF) order, and superconductivity of BaFe\(_2\)(As\(_{1-x}\)P\(_{x}\))\(_2\) superconductor. We find that uniaxial strain along the nearest Fe-Fe direction can dramatically tune the AF order and superconductivity, producing an electronic phase diagram clearly different from the chemical substitution-induced one. Our results thus establish strain tuning as a way to study the intertwined orders in correlated electron materials without using chemical substitution.