An Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Vortex and Convective Characteristics in Relation to Storm Intensity Using a Novel Airborne Doppler Radar Database
This analysis introduces a novel airborne Doppler radar database, referred to as the Tropical Cyclone Radar Archive of Doppler Analyses with Re-centering (TC-RADAR). TC-RADAR comprises over 900 analyses from 273 flights into TCs in the North Atlantic, eastern North Pacific, and central North Pacific...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Monthly weather review 2022-09, Vol.150 (9), p.2255-2278 |
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description | This analysis introduces a novel airborne Doppler radar database, referred to as the Tropical Cyclone Radar Archive of Doppler Analyses with Re-centering (TC-RADAR). TC-RADAR comprises over 900 analyses from 273 flights into TCs in the North Atlantic, eastern North Pacific, and central North Pacific basins between 1997 and 2020. This database contains abundant sampling across a wide range of TC intensities, which facilitated a comprehensive observational analysis on how the three-dimensional, kinematic TC inner-core structure is related to TC intensity. To examine the storm-relative TC structure, we implemented a novel TC center-finding algorithm. Here, we show that TCs below hurricane intensity tend to have monopolar radial profiles of vorticity and a wide range of vortex tilt magnitudes. As TC intensity increases, vorticity becomes maximized within an annulus inward of the peak wind, the vortex decays more slowly with height, and the vortex tends to be more aligned in the vertical. The TC secondary circulation is also strongly linked to TC intensity, as more intense storms have shallower and stronger lower-tropospheric inflow as well as larger azimuthally averaged ascent. The distribution of vertical velocity is found to vary with TC intensity, height, and radial domain. These results—and the capabilities of TC-RADAR—motivate multiple avenues for future work, which are discussed. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1175/MWR-D-21-0223.1 |
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TC-RADAR comprises over 900 analyses from 273 flights into TCs in the North Atlantic, eastern North Pacific, and central North Pacific basins between 1997 and 2020. This database contains abundant sampling across a wide range of TC intensities, which facilitated a comprehensive observational analysis on how the three-dimensional, kinematic TC inner-core structure is related to TC intensity. To examine the storm-relative TC structure, we implemented a novel TC center-finding algorithm. Here, we show that TCs below hurricane intensity tend to have monopolar radial profiles of vorticity and a wide range of vortex tilt magnitudes. As TC intensity increases, vorticity becomes maximized within an annulus inward of the peak wind, the vortex decays more slowly with height, and the vortex tends to be more aligned in the vertical. The TC secondary circulation is also strongly linked to TC intensity, as more intense storms have shallower and stronger lower-tropospheric inflow as well as larger azimuthally averaged ascent. The distribution of vertical velocity is found to vary with TC intensity, height, and radial domain. 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TC-RADAR comprises over 900 analyses from 273 flights into TCs in the North Atlantic, eastern North Pacific, and central North Pacific basins between 1997 and 2020. This database contains abundant sampling across a wide range of TC intensities, which facilitated a comprehensive observational analysis on how the three-dimensional, kinematic TC inner-core structure is related to TC intensity. To examine the storm-relative TC structure, we implemented a novel TC center-finding algorithm. Here, we show that TCs below hurricane intensity tend to have monopolar radial profiles of vorticity and a wide range of vortex tilt magnitudes. As TC intensity increases, vorticity becomes maximized within an annulus inward of the peak wind, the vortex decays more slowly with height, and the vortex tends to be more aligned in the vertical. The TC secondary circulation is also strongly linked to TC intensity, as more intense storms have shallower and stronger lower-tropospheric inflow as well as larger azimuthally averaged ascent. The distribution of vertical velocity is found to vary with TC intensity, height, and radial domain. These results—and the capabilities of TC-RADAR—motivate multiple avenues for future work, which are discussed.</description><subject>Airborne radar</subject><subject>Airborne remote sensing</subject><subject>Aircraft</subject><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Case studies</subject><subject>Cyclones</subject><subject>Cyclonic vortexes</subject><subject>Decay</subject><subject>Decay rate</subject><subject>Doppler radar</subject><subject>Doppler radar data</subject><subject>Doppler sonar</subject><subject>Height</subject><subject>Hurricanes</subject><subject>Inflow</subject><subject>Kinematics</subject><subject>Radar</subject><subject>Sampling</subject><subject>Satellites</subject><subject>Storms</subject><subject>Tropical cyclone intensities</subject><subject>Tropical cyclones</subject><subject>Vertical distribution</subject><subject>Vertical velocities</subject><subject>Vortex 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Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Vortex and Convective Characteristics in Relation to Storm Intensity Using a Novel Airborne Doppler Radar Database</title><author>Fischer, Michael S. ; Reasor, Paul D. ; Rogers, Robert F. ; Gamache, John F.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c199t-ba7e461a753a62d851e1739e689679bf4aaeb26fcaae79ce2ea1393f0127e66f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Airborne radar</topic><topic>Airborne remote sensing</topic><topic>Aircraft</topic><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Case studies</topic><topic>Cyclones</topic><topic>Cyclonic vortexes</topic><topic>Decay</topic><topic>Decay rate</topic><topic>Doppler radar</topic><topic>Doppler radar data</topic><topic>Doppler sonar</topic><topic>Height</topic><topic>Hurricanes</topic><topic>Inflow</topic><topic>Kinematics</topic><topic>Radar</topic><topic>Sampling</topic><topic>Satellites</topic><topic>Storms</topic><topic>Tropical cyclone intensities</topic><topic>Tropical cyclones</topic><topic>Vertical distribution</topic><topic>Vertical velocities</topic><topic>Vortex structure</topic><topic>Vortices</topic><topic>Vorticity</topic><topic>Wind shear</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fischer, Michael S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reasor, Paul D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rogers, Robert F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gamache, John F.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources 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F.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Vortex and Convective Characteristics in Relation to Storm Intensity Using a Novel Airborne Doppler Radar Database</atitle><jtitle>Monthly weather review</jtitle><date>2022-09</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>150</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>2255</spage><epage>2278</epage><pages>2255-2278</pages><issn>0027-0644</issn><eissn>1520-0493</eissn><abstract>This analysis introduces a novel airborne Doppler radar database, referred to as the Tropical Cyclone Radar Archive of Doppler Analyses with Re-centering (TC-RADAR). TC-RADAR comprises over 900 analyses from 273 flights into TCs in the North Atlantic, eastern North Pacific, and central North Pacific basins between 1997 and 2020. This database contains abundant sampling across a wide range of TC intensities, which facilitated a comprehensive observational analysis on how the three-dimensional, kinematic TC inner-core structure is related to TC intensity. To examine the storm-relative TC structure, we implemented a novel TC center-finding algorithm. Here, we show that TCs below hurricane intensity tend to have monopolar radial profiles of vorticity and a wide range of vortex tilt magnitudes. As TC intensity increases, vorticity becomes maximized within an annulus inward of the peak wind, the vortex decays more slowly with height, and the vortex tends to be more aligned in the vertical. The TC secondary circulation is also strongly linked to TC intensity, as more intense storms have shallower and stronger lower-tropospheric inflow as well as larger azimuthally averaged ascent. The distribution of vertical velocity is found to vary with TC intensity, height, and radial domain. These results—and the capabilities of TC-RADAR—motivate multiple avenues for future work, which are discussed.</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>American Meteorological Society</pub><doi>10.1175/MWR-D-21-0223.1</doi><tpages>24</tpages></addata></record> |
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source | American Meteorological Society; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Airborne radar Airborne remote sensing Aircraft Algorithms Analysis Case studies Cyclones Cyclonic vortexes Decay Decay rate Doppler radar Doppler radar data Doppler sonar Height Hurricanes Inflow Kinematics Radar Sampling Satellites Storms Tropical cyclone intensities Tropical cyclones Vertical distribution Vertical velocities Vortex structure Vortices Vorticity Wind shear |
title | An Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Vortex and Convective Characteristics in Relation to Storm Intensity Using a Novel Airborne Doppler Radar Database |
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