Applied Chemical Ecology of the Western Pine Beetle, an Important Pest of Ponderosa Pine in Western North America

Western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte) is a major cause of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) mortality in western North America. Twenty-first century epidemics are among the largest in history and have affected hundreds of thousands of hectares. We synthesize literatur...

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Veröffentlicht in:Forests 2023-04, Vol.14 (4), p.757
Hauptverfasser: Fettig, Christopher J., Audley, Jackson P., Homicz, Crystal S., Progar, Robert A.
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creator Fettig, Christopher J.
Audley, Jackson P.
Homicz, Crystal S.
Progar, Robert A.
description Western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte) is a major cause of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) mortality in western North America. Twenty-first century epidemics are among the largest in history and have affected hundreds of thousands of hectares. We synthesize literature on the chemical ecology of western pine beetle and on efforts to exploit our understanding of the western pine beetle-ponderosa pine system to reduce host tree losses. This literature dates back to the early 20th century and focuses on populations in California and Oregon, U.S., where western pine beetle exerts its largest impacts. Research in the 1960s–1970s yielded an effective semiochemical attractant (exo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene) that helped inform understanding of the biology, ecology, and management of this species. Later, research focused on isolation and identification of semiochemical repellents. To date, Verbenone Plus (acetophenone, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol + (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol, and verbenone) is the only semiochemical repellent demonstrated effective for protecting ponderosa pines from mortality attributed to western pine beetle in multiple studies in Canada and the U.S.
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source MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals
subjects Acetophenone
Beetles
Chemical ecology
Chemical synthesis
Dendroctonus brevicomis
Diseases and pests
Ecology
Environmental aspects
Epidemics
Forests
Mortality
Myrcene
Pheromones
Pine
Pine trees
Pinus ponderosa
Ponderosa pine
Repellents
Trees
Verbenone
title Applied Chemical Ecology of the Western Pine Beetle, an Important Pest of Ponderosa Pine in Western North America
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