Analysis and assessment of water losses in urban water distribution network: a case study of the Kribi water distribution network, Cameroon (Central Africa)
This paper analyses and assesses water losses in the Kribi Water Distribution Network (KWDN) in order to constructively feed the debate on the most effective ways to reduce water losses in urban water distribution networks in Sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis of water losses was conducted based on nu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sustainable water resources management 2023-06, Vol.9 (3), p.64, Article 64 |
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| creator | Mvongo, Victor Dang Eyene, Basile Fabrice Kamtoh, Auguste Landry Kamegne Kanouo, Boris Merlain Djousse Defo, Celestin Ako, Andrew Ako Ombolo, Auguste |
| description | This paper analyses and assesses water losses in the Kribi Water Distribution Network (KWDN) in order to constructively feed the debate on the most effective ways to reduce water losses in urban water distribution networks in Sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis of water losses was conducted based on numerous indices (failure intensity index, percentage ratio of water loss, and unit water loss per capita) and indices recommended by the International Water Association (real leakage balance, non-revenue water basic, and infrastructure leakage index). The results show that the failure intensity index increased significantly from 0.15 in 2010 to 0.31 in 2017, while the water loss indices have achieved a medium performance. The unit water loss performed well in 2013, 2015, and 2017. The Non-Revenue Water Basic Index was above the threshold for well-performing at 23% between 2010 and 2017. The real leakage balance (RLB) index indicated that the KWDN performed well (RLB |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s40899-023-00855-w |
| format | Article |
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3
/connection/day). Results also suggest that the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) ranged from 1.70 to 2.59, which corresponds to performance category B. This range of values indicates the need for improvement to enhance profitability with better network pressure management, active leakage control, and network maintenance. However, this assessment represents only a current snapshot of the water loss situation in the KWDN and should be conducted at regular intervals to track changes in overall and local conditions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2363-5037</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2363-5045</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s40899-023-00855-w</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Active control ; Case studies ; Development Economics ; Distribution ; Drinking water ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Economic activity ; Economics ; Failure ; Failure analysis ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; Infrastructure ; Leakage ; Original Article ; Per capita ; Profitability ; Revenue ; Sustainable Development ; Water ; Water analysis ; Water distribution ; Water engineering ; Water loss ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Water supply</subject><ispartof>Sustainable water resources management, 2023-06, Vol.9 (3), p.64, Article 64</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-2bfd9b90e5696fe541c3059cdfe12ff40f4ddab7a24bd420129e9146bc0787863</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-2bfd9b90e5696fe541c3059cdfe12ff40f4ddab7a24bd420129e9146bc0787863</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2470-5369</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40899-023-00855-w$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40899-023-00855-w$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mvongo, Victor Dang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eyene, Basile Fabrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamtoh, Auguste Landry Kamegne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanouo, Boris Merlain Djousse</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Defo, Celestin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ako, Andrew Ako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ombolo, Auguste</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis and assessment of water losses in urban water distribution network: a case study of the Kribi water distribution network, Cameroon (Central Africa)</title><title>Sustainable water resources management</title><addtitle>Sustain. Water Resour. Manag</addtitle><description>This paper analyses and assesses water losses in the Kribi Water Distribution Network (KWDN) in order to constructively feed the debate on the most effective ways to reduce water losses in urban water distribution networks in Sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis of water losses was conducted based on numerous indices (failure intensity index, percentage ratio of water loss, and unit water loss per capita) and indices recommended by the International Water Association (real leakage balance, non-revenue water basic, and infrastructure leakage index). The results show that the failure intensity index increased significantly from 0.15 in 2010 to 0.31 in 2017, while the water loss indices have achieved a medium performance. The unit water loss performed well in 2013, 2015, and 2017. The Non-Revenue Water Basic Index was above the threshold for well-performing at 23% between 2010 and 2017. The real leakage balance (RLB) index indicated that the KWDN performed well (RLB < 100 dm
3
/connection/day). Results also suggest that the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) ranged from 1.70 to 2.59, which corresponds to performance category B. This range of values indicates the need for improvement to enhance profitability with better network pressure management, active leakage control, and network maintenance. However, this assessment represents only a current snapshot of the water loss situation in the KWDN and should be conducted at regular intervals to track changes in overall and local conditions.</description><subject>Active control</subject><subject>Case studies</subject><subject>Development Economics</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Economic activity</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Failure</subject><subject>Failure analysis</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology/Water Resources</subject><subject>Infrastructure</subject><subject>Leakage</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Per capita</subject><subject>Profitability</subject><subject>Revenue</subject><subject>Sustainable Development</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water distribution</subject><subject>Water engineering</subject><subject>Water loss</subject><subject>Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management</subject><subject>Water supply</subject><issn>2363-5037</issn><issn>2363-5045</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1KxDAUhYsoOOi8gKuAGwWrN39N424Y_MMBN7oOaZtox047Jill3sWHNWMH3c3qXg7fORfuSZIzDNcYQNx4BrmUKRCaAuScp8NBMiE0oykHxg__diqOk6n3SwDAPM-kkJPke9bqZuNrj3RbIe298X5l2oA6iwYdjENNtxVR3aLeFbrdqVXtg6uLPtRdi1oThs593iKNSu0N8qGvNtuE8GHQc8TqPa4rNNcr47qoXMzjZacbNLOuLvXlaXJkdePNdDdPkrf7u9f5Y7p4eXiazxZpSbEMKSlsJQsJhmcys4YzXFLgsqyswcRaBpZVlS6EJqyoGAFMpJGYZUUJIhd5Rk-S8zF37bqv3vigll3v4mO8IkIKxnNBeaTISJUuvsQZq9auXmm3URjUtgg1FqFiEeq3CDVEEx1NPsLtu3H_0XtcP3ZHjuM</recordid><startdate>20230601</startdate><enddate>20230601</enddate><creator>Mvongo, Victor Dang</creator><creator>Eyene, Basile Fabrice</creator><creator>Kamtoh, Auguste Landry Kamegne</creator><creator>Kanouo, Boris Merlain Djousse</creator><creator>Defo, Celestin</creator><creator>Ako, Andrew Ako</creator><creator>Ombolo, Auguste</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2470-5369</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230601</creationdate><title>Analysis and assessment of water losses in urban water distribution network: a case study of the Kribi water distribution network, Cameroon (Central Africa)</title><author>Mvongo, Victor Dang ; Eyene, Basile Fabrice ; Kamtoh, Auguste Landry Kamegne ; Kanouo, Boris Merlain Djousse ; Defo, Celestin ; Ako, Andrew Ako ; Ombolo, Auguste</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-2bfd9b90e5696fe541c3059cdfe12ff40f4ddab7a24bd420129e9146bc0787863</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Active control</topic><topic>Case studies</topic><topic>Development Economics</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Economic activity</topic><topic>Economics</topic><topic>Failure</topic><topic>Failure analysis</topic><topic>Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Hydrology/Water Resources</topic><topic>Infrastructure</topic><topic>Leakage</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Per capita</topic><topic>Profitability</topic><topic>Revenue</topic><topic>Sustainable Development</topic><topic>Water</topic><topic>Water analysis</topic><topic>Water distribution</topic><topic>Water engineering</topic><topic>Water loss</topic><topic>Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management</topic><topic>Water supply</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mvongo, Victor Dang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eyene, Basile Fabrice</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kamtoh, Auguste Landry Kamegne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanouo, Boris Merlain Djousse</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Defo, Celestin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ako, Andrew Ako</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ombolo, Auguste</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><jtitle>Sustainable water resources management</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mvongo, Victor Dang</au><au>Eyene, Basile Fabrice</au><au>Kamtoh, Auguste Landry Kamegne</au><au>Kanouo, Boris Merlain Djousse</au><au>Defo, Celestin</au><au>Ako, Andrew Ako</au><au>Ombolo, Auguste</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis and assessment of water losses in urban water distribution network: a case study of the Kribi water distribution network, Cameroon (Central Africa)</atitle><jtitle>Sustainable water resources management</jtitle><stitle>Sustain. Water Resour. Manag</stitle><date>2023-06-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>64</spage><pages>64-</pages><artnum>64</artnum><issn>2363-5037</issn><eissn>2363-5045</eissn><abstract>This paper analyses and assesses water losses in the Kribi Water Distribution Network (KWDN) in order to constructively feed the debate on the most effective ways to reduce water losses in urban water distribution networks in Sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis of water losses was conducted based on numerous indices (failure intensity index, percentage ratio of water loss, and unit water loss per capita) and indices recommended by the International Water Association (real leakage balance, non-revenue water basic, and infrastructure leakage index). The results show that the failure intensity index increased significantly from 0.15 in 2010 to 0.31 in 2017, while the water loss indices have achieved a medium performance. 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3
/connection/day). Results also suggest that the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) ranged from 1.70 to 2.59, which corresponds to performance category B. This range of values indicates the need for improvement to enhance profitability with better network pressure management, active leakage control, and network maintenance. However, this assessment represents only a current snapshot of the water loss situation in the KWDN and should be conducted at regular intervals to track changes in overall and local conditions.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s40899-023-00855-w</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2470-5369</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Active control Case studies Development Economics Distribution Drinking water Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Economic activity Economics Failure Failure analysis Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Infrastructure Leakage Original Article Per capita Profitability Revenue Sustainable Development Water Water analysis Water distribution Water engineering Water loss Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management Water supply |
| title | Analysis and assessment of water losses in urban water distribution network: a case study of the Kribi water distribution network, Cameroon (Central Africa) |
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