Comparison of the Estimation Methods from Acute to Chronic Biotic Ligand Model‐Based Predicted No‐Effect Concentrations for Nickel in Freshwater Species

Biotic ligand models (BLMs) and the sensitivities of indigenous species are used to assess the environmental risk considering the bioavailability of metals, such as nickel. However, the BLM‐based acute–to–chronic ratio (ACR) is required if the predicted no‐effect concentration (PNEC) cannot be deriv...

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