Children and adolescents with ADHD followed up to adulthood: a systematic review of long-term outcomes
The objective is to highlight the clinical and social outcomes among adults who suffered from Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in their childhood/adolescence. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were searched for prospective studies published during the last 5 years addressing pati...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Acta neuropsychiatrica 2021-12, Vol.33 (6), p.283-298 |
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| container_title | Acta neuropsychiatrica |
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| creator | Di Lorenzo, Rosaria Balducci, Jessica Poppi, Chiara Arcolin, Elisa Cutino, Anna Ferri, Paola D'Amico, Roberto Filippini, Tommaso |
| description | The objective is to highlight the clinical and social outcomes among adults who suffered from Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in their childhood/adolescence. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were searched for prospective studies published during the last 5 years addressing patients with ADHD in childhood/adolescence followed-up to adulthood. We also included studies published before 2015 reported in other reviews with similar outcomes. Thousand four-hundred and eighty-five studies were identified, but only 39 were included for qualitative analysis and 27 for quantitative analysis. Overall, we found that ADHD persisted into adulthood with a mean rate of 43% and was mainly associated with both substance/alcohol use disorders and antisocial behavior and, less frequently, with anxiety and depressive disorders. The prevalence of persistent ADHD in adulthood reported by studies published after 2011 (55%) was higher than that reported by studies published previously from 1985 to 2011 (34%), suggesting a greater focus on ADHD in recent years. Our results highlight that ADHD can be considered not only a neurodevelopmental disorder, but also a persistent and complex condition, with detrimental consequences for quality of life in adulthood. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/neu.2021.23 |
| format | Article |
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PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were searched for prospective studies published during the last 5 years addressing patients with ADHD in childhood/adolescence followed-up to adulthood. We also included studies published before 2015 reported in other reviews with similar outcomes. Thousand four-hundred and eighty-five studies were identified, but only 39 were included for qualitative analysis and 27 for quantitative analysis. Overall, we found that ADHD persisted into adulthood with a mean rate of 43% and was mainly associated with both substance/alcohol use disorders and antisocial behavior and, less frequently, with anxiety and depressive disorders. The prevalence of persistent ADHD in adulthood reported by studies published after 2011 (55%) was higher than that reported by studies published previously from 1985 to 2011 (34%), suggesting a greater focus on ADHD in recent years. Our results highlight that ADHD can be considered not only a neurodevelopmental disorder, but also a persistent and complex condition, with detrimental consequences for quality of life in adulthood.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0924-2708</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1601-5215</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/neu.2021.23</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34384511</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Adults ; Age ; Alcoholism ; Antisocial personality disorder ; Anxiety Disorders ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Child ; Child development ; Comorbidity ; Conduct disorder ; Humans ; Hyperactivity ; Mental disorders ; Meta-analysis ; Neurodevelopmental disorders ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Systematic review ; Teenagers</subject><ispartof>Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2021-12, Vol.33 (6), p.283-298</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), 2021. 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| ispartof | Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2021-12, Vol.33 (6), p.283-298 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Cambridge University Press Journals Complete |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Adults Age Alcoholism Antisocial personality disorder Anxiety Disorders Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - epidemiology Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Child Child development Comorbidity Conduct disorder Humans Hyperactivity Mental disorders Meta-analysis Neurodevelopmental disorders Prospective Studies Quality of Life Systematic review Teenagers |
| title | Children and adolescents with ADHD followed up to adulthood: a systematic review of long-term outcomes |
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