Determining the depth of a rail defect from the signals of the electromagnetic flaw detector

In scientific work, to determine the defects of rail strings, the results of experimental research and calculations of the depth of penetration of an electromagnetic wave into the cavity of a rail string, transient processes in the solenoid of a demagnetizing device with direct and alternating currents of various shapes are presenting. It has been established that the use of impulse influences will be optimal for demagnetization, since a large number of maxima and minima of currents are obtained, both in negative and positive regions a, a decrease in the current is equivalent to a decrease in the saturation of the steel of the core, and energy savings, therefore, leads to demagnetization of steel rail lashes. The experimentally obtained results of the improved magnetization system, both in static and dynamic modes of operation, are presented. The proposed device is a wagon-type flaw detector, which has relatively small dimensions of the magnetization system, which allows high accuracy to detect defects in the rails. The following errors were found when comparing the results of experimental measurements with the results of real theoretical mathematical modeling. The experimental test distance between the rails and the electromagnetic coils was determined, and the results of mathematical modeling; as a result, the absolute error was very insignificant, of the order of 0.1mm.