Redoxtrons – An experimental system to study redox processes within the capillary fringe
Spatiotemporal characterisation of the soil redox status within the capillary fringe (CF) is a challenging task. Air‐filled porosities (ε), oxygen concentration (O2) and soil redox potential (EH) are interrelated soil variables within active biogeochemical domains such as the CF. We investigated the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | European journal of soil science 2023-01, Vol.74 (1), p.n/a |
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| creator | Dorau, Kristof Uteau, Daniel Maisch, Markus Kappler, Andreas Peth, Stephan Mansfeldt, Tim |
| description | Spatiotemporal characterisation of the soil redox status within the capillary fringe (CF) is a challenging task. Air‐filled porosities (ε), oxygen concentration (O2) and soil redox potential (EH) are interrelated soil variables within active biogeochemical domains such as the CF. We investigated the impact of water table (WT) rise and drainage in an undisturbed topsoil and subsoil sample taken from a Calcaric Gleysol for a period of 46 days. We merged 1D (EH and matric potential) and 2D (O2) systems to monitor at high spatiotemporal resolution redox dynamics within self‐constructed redoxtron housings and complemented the data set by a 3D pore network characterization using X‐ray microtomography (X‐ray μCT). Depletion of O2 was faster in the organic matter‐ and clay‐rich aggregated topsoil and the CF extended >10 cm above the artificial WT. The homogeneous and less‐aggregated subsoil extended only 4 cm above the WT as indicated by ε–O2–EH data during saturation. After drainage, 2D O2 imaging revealed a fast aeration towards the lower depths of the topsoil, which agrees with the connected ε derived by X‐ray μCT (εCT_conn) of 14.9% of the total porosity. However, small‐scaled anoxic domains with O2 saturation |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/ejss.13347 |
| format | Article |
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Highlights
The time needed to turn from reducing to oxidising (period where all platinum electrodes feature EH > 300 mV) condition differ for two samples with contrasting soil structure.
The subsoil with presumably low O2 consumption rates aerated considerably faster than the topsoil and exclusively by O2 diffusion through medium‐ and fine‐sized pores.
To derive the soil redox status based upon the triplet ε–O2–EH is challenging at present in heterogeneous soil domains and larger soil volumes than 250 cm3.
Undisturbed soil sampling along with 2D/3D redox measurement systems (e.g., redoxtrons) improve our understanding of redox dynamics within the capillary fringe.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1351-0754</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2389</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ejss.13347</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Aeration ; Anoxia ; Biological activity ; Depletion ; Diffusion rate ; Domains ; Drainage ; Dynamics ; environmental monitoring ; Groundwater table ; Housings ; Image processing ; incubation experiments ; Microbial activity ; Microorganisms ; Microtomography ; Organic matter ; Oxidoreductions ; Oxygen consumption ; Platinum ; Porosity ; Redox potential ; redox processes ; Saturation ; Soil ; Soil aeration ; Soil conditions ; Soil dynamics ; Soil environment ; Soil porosity ; soil reducing conditions ; Soil sampling ; Soil structure ; Soils ; Subsoils ; Topsoil ; Transport properties ; Two dimensional analysis ; undisturbed soil ; Water table ; X‐ray microtomography</subject><ispartof>European journal of soil science, 2023-01, Vol.74 (1), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2023 The Authors. published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Society of Soil Science.</rights><rights>2023. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2527-a4979e4725cd76b808544a772f766c37c1d3602a3803fe89c755ac9aa71ebfbc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2527-a4979e4725cd76b808544a772f766c37c1d3602a3803fe89c755ac9aa71ebfbc3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1815-1929 ; 0000-0002-7557-6827 ; 0000-0002-3558-9500 ; 0000-0003-1499-4344 ; 0000-0002-4275-4957 ; 0000-0001-9799-212X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fejss.13347$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fejss.13347$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dorau, Kristof</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uteau, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maisch, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kappler, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peth, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mansfeldt, Tim</creatorcontrib><title>Redoxtrons – An experimental system to study redox processes within the capillary fringe</title><title>European journal of soil science</title><description>Spatiotemporal characterisation of the soil redox status within the capillary fringe (CF) is a challenging task. Air‐filled porosities (ε), oxygen concentration (O2) and soil redox potential (EH) are interrelated soil variables within active biogeochemical domains such as the CF. We investigated the impact of water table (WT) rise and drainage in an undisturbed topsoil and subsoil sample taken from a Calcaric Gleysol for a period of 46 days. We merged 1D (EH and matric potential) and 2D (O2) systems to monitor at high spatiotemporal resolution redox dynamics within self‐constructed redoxtron housings and complemented the data set by a 3D pore network characterization using X‐ray microtomography (X‐ray μCT). Depletion of O2 was faster in the organic matter‐ and clay‐rich aggregated topsoil and the CF extended >10 cm above the artificial WT. The homogeneous and less‐aggregated subsoil extended only 4 cm above the WT as indicated by ε–O2–EH data during saturation. After drainage, 2D O2 imaging revealed a fast aeration towards the lower depths of the topsoil, which agrees with the connected ε derived by X‐ray μCT (εCT_conn) of 14.9% of the total porosity. However, small‐scaled anoxic domains with O2 saturation <5% were apparent even after lowering the WT (down to 0.25 cm2 in size) for 23 days. These domains remained a nucleus for reducing soil conditions (EH < −100 mV), which made it challenging to characterise the soil redox status in the CF. In contrast, the subsoil aeration reached O2 saturation after 8 days for the complete soil volume. Values of εCT_conn around zero in the subsoil highlighted that soil aeration was independent of this parameter suggesting that other variables such as microbial activity must be considered when predicting the soil redox status from ε alone. The use of redoxtrons in combination with localised redox‐measurements and image based pore space analysis resulted in a better 2D/3D characterisation of the pore system and related O2 transport properties. This allowed us to analyse the distribution and activity of microbiological niches highly associated with the spatiotemporal variable redox dynamics in soil environments.
Highlights
The time needed to turn from reducing to oxidising (period where all platinum electrodes feature EH > 300 mV) condition differ for two samples with contrasting soil structure.
The subsoil with presumably low O2 consumption rates aerated considerably faster than the topsoil and exclusively by O2 diffusion through medium‐ and fine‐sized pores.
To derive the soil redox status based upon the triplet ε–O2–EH is challenging at present in heterogeneous soil domains and larger soil volumes than 250 cm3.
Undisturbed soil sampling along with 2D/3D redox measurement systems (e.g., redoxtrons) improve our understanding of redox dynamics within the capillary fringe.</description><subject>Aeration</subject><subject>Anoxia</subject><subject>Biological activity</subject><subject>Depletion</subject><subject>Diffusion rate</subject><subject>Domains</subject><subject>Drainage</subject><subject>Dynamics</subject><subject>environmental monitoring</subject><subject>Groundwater table</subject><subject>Housings</subject><subject>Image processing</subject><subject>incubation experiments</subject><subject>Microbial activity</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Microtomography</subject><subject>Organic matter</subject><subject>Oxidoreductions</subject><subject>Oxygen consumption</subject><subject>Platinum</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Redox potential</subject><subject>redox processes</subject><subject>Saturation</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil aeration</subject><subject>Soil conditions</subject><subject>Soil dynamics</subject><subject>Soil environment</subject><subject>Soil porosity</subject><subject>soil reducing conditions</subject><subject>Soil sampling</subject><subject>Soil structure</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Subsoils</subject><subject>Topsoil</subject><subject>Transport properties</subject><subject>Two dimensional analysis</subject><subject>undisturbed soil</subject><subject>Water table</subject><subject>X‐ray microtomography</subject><issn>1351-0754</issn><issn>1365-2389</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kE1OwzAQhS0EEqWw4QSW2CGl-CeO42VVlT9VQqKwYWO5zoSmSpNgu2qz4w7ckJOQENbMZmbxzcx7D6FLSia0qxvYeD-hnMfyCI0oT0TEeKqO-1nQiEgRn6Iz7zeEUE6VGqG3Z8jqQ3B15fH35xeeVhgODbhiC1UwJfatD7DFocY-7LIWux7HjasteA8e74uwLioc1oCtaYqyNK7FuSuqdzhHJ7kpPVz89TF6vZ2_zO6jxdPdw2y6iCwTTEYmVlJBLJmwmUxWKUlFHBspWS6TxHJpacYTwgxPCc8hVVYKYawyRlJY5SvLx-hquNup-tiBD3pT71zVvdRMSsUSlnDVUdcDZV3tvYNcN53JTq2mRPfZ6T47_ZtdB9MB3hcltP-Qev64XA47Pxgycz4</recordid><startdate>202301</startdate><enddate>202301</enddate><creator>Dorau, Kristof</creator><creator>Uteau, Daniel</creator><creator>Maisch, Markus</creator><creator>Kappler, Andreas</creator><creator>Peth, Stephan</creator><creator>Mansfeldt, Tim</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-1929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-6827</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-9500</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1499-4344</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-4957</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-212X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202301</creationdate><title>Redoxtrons – An experimental system to study redox processes within the capillary fringe</title><author>Dorau, Kristof ; Uteau, Daniel ; Maisch, Markus ; Kappler, Andreas ; Peth, Stephan ; Mansfeldt, Tim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2527-a4979e4725cd76b808544a772f766c37c1d3602a3803fe89c755ac9aa71ebfbc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Aeration</topic><topic>Anoxia</topic><topic>Biological activity</topic><topic>Depletion</topic><topic>Diffusion rate</topic><topic>Domains</topic><topic>Drainage</topic><topic>Dynamics</topic><topic>environmental monitoring</topic><topic>Groundwater table</topic><topic>Housings</topic><topic>Image processing</topic><topic>incubation experiments</topic><topic>Microbial activity</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Microtomography</topic><topic>Organic matter</topic><topic>Oxidoreductions</topic><topic>Oxygen consumption</topic><topic>Platinum</topic><topic>Porosity</topic><topic>Redox potential</topic><topic>redox processes</topic><topic>Saturation</topic><topic>Soil</topic><topic>Soil aeration</topic><topic>Soil conditions</topic><topic>Soil dynamics</topic><topic>Soil environment</topic><topic>Soil porosity</topic><topic>soil reducing conditions</topic><topic>Soil sampling</topic><topic>Soil structure</topic><topic>Soils</topic><topic>Subsoils</topic><topic>Topsoil</topic><topic>Transport properties</topic><topic>Two dimensional analysis</topic><topic>undisturbed soil</topic><topic>Water table</topic><topic>X‐ray microtomography</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dorau, Kristof</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uteau, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maisch, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kappler, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peth, Stephan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mansfeldt, Tim</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>European journal of soil science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dorau, Kristof</au><au>Uteau, Daniel</au><au>Maisch, Markus</au><au>Kappler, Andreas</au><au>Peth, Stephan</au><au>Mansfeldt, Tim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Redoxtrons – An experimental system to study redox processes within the capillary fringe</atitle><jtitle>European journal of soil science</jtitle><date>2023-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>1</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>1351-0754</issn><eissn>1365-2389</eissn><abstract>Spatiotemporal characterisation of the soil redox status within the capillary fringe (CF) is a challenging task. Air‐filled porosities (ε), oxygen concentration (O2) and soil redox potential (EH) are interrelated soil variables within active biogeochemical domains such as the CF. We investigated the impact of water table (WT) rise and drainage in an undisturbed topsoil and subsoil sample taken from a Calcaric Gleysol for a period of 46 days. We merged 1D (EH and matric potential) and 2D (O2) systems to monitor at high spatiotemporal resolution redox dynamics within self‐constructed redoxtron housings and complemented the data set by a 3D pore network characterization using X‐ray microtomography (X‐ray μCT). Depletion of O2 was faster in the organic matter‐ and clay‐rich aggregated topsoil and the CF extended >10 cm above the artificial WT. The homogeneous and less‐aggregated subsoil extended only 4 cm above the WT as indicated by ε–O2–EH data during saturation. After drainage, 2D O2 imaging revealed a fast aeration towards the lower depths of the topsoil, which agrees with the connected ε derived by X‐ray μCT (εCT_conn) of 14.9% of the total porosity. However, small‐scaled anoxic domains with O2 saturation <5% were apparent even after lowering the WT (down to 0.25 cm2 in size) for 23 days. These domains remained a nucleus for reducing soil conditions (EH < −100 mV), which made it challenging to characterise the soil redox status in the CF. In contrast, the subsoil aeration reached O2 saturation after 8 days for the complete soil volume. Values of εCT_conn around zero in the subsoil highlighted that soil aeration was independent of this parameter suggesting that other variables such as microbial activity must be considered when predicting the soil redox status from ε alone. The use of redoxtrons in combination with localised redox‐measurements and image based pore space analysis resulted in a better 2D/3D characterisation of the pore system and related O2 transport properties. This allowed us to analyse the distribution and activity of microbiological niches highly associated with the spatiotemporal variable redox dynamics in soil environments.
Highlights
The time needed to turn from reducing to oxidising (period where all platinum electrodes feature EH > 300 mV) condition differ for two samples with contrasting soil structure.
The subsoil with presumably low O2 consumption rates aerated considerably faster than the topsoil and exclusively by O2 diffusion through medium‐ and fine‐sized pores.
To derive the soil redox status based upon the triplet ε–O2–EH is challenging at present in heterogeneous soil domains and larger soil volumes than 250 cm3.
Undisturbed soil sampling along with 2D/3D redox measurement systems (e.g., redoxtrons) improve our understanding of redox dynamics within the capillary fringe.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/ejss.13347</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-1929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-6827</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3558-9500</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1499-4344</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4275-4957</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-212X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aeration Anoxia Biological activity Depletion Diffusion rate Domains Drainage Dynamics environmental monitoring Groundwater table Housings Image processing incubation experiments Microbial activity Microorganisms Microtomography Organic matter Oxidoreductions Oxygen consumption Platinum Porosity Redox potential redox processes Saturation Soil Soil aeration Soil conditions Soil dynamics Soil environment Soil porosity soil reducing conditions Soil sampling Soil structure Soils Subsoils Topsoil Transport properties Two dimensional analysis undisturbed soil Water table X‐ray microtomography |
| title | Redoxtrons – An experimental system to study redox processes within the capillary fringe |
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