Fault‐Driven Differential Exhumation in a Transpressional Tectonic Setting: A Combined Microstructural and Thermochronologic Approach From the Liquiñe‐Ofqui Fault System, Southern Andes (39°S)

Crustal deformation in transpressive tectonic settings is partitioned across fault‐bounded tectonic blocks whose borders may represent ideal loci for enhanced rock exhumation. Field and petrographic analysis, geothermobarometry, zircon U‐Pb geochronology, and zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He thermochron...

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Veröffentlicht in:Tectonics (Washington, D.C.) D.C.), 2023-02, Vol.42 (2), p.n/a
Hauptverfasser: Roquer, Tomás, Arancibia, Gloria, Seymour, Nikki M., Veloso, Eugenio E., Rowland, Julie, Stockli, Daniel F., Jöns, Niels, Morata, Diego
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container_issue 2
container_start_page
container_title Tectonics (Washington, D.C.)
container_volume 42
creator Roquer, Tomás
Arancibia, Gloria
Seymour, Nikki M.
Veloso, Eugenio E.
Rowland, Julie
Stockli, Daniel F.
Jöns, Niels
Morata, Diego
description Crustal deformation in transpressive tectonic settings is partitioned across fault‐bounded tectonic blocks whose borders may represent ideal loci for enhanced rock exhumation. Field and petrographic analysis, geothermobarometry, zircon U‐Pb geochronology, and zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He thermochronology were applied to intrusive and metamorphic rocks to investigate exhumation patterns of fault blocks delimited by the Liquiñe‐Ofqui Fault System (LOFS), Southern Andes (39°S). Our integrated analyses document the relative influences of magmatism, fault‐driven differential exhumation, and fault‐controlled geothermal flow along the LOFS. Magmatism was concentrated in the Early to Late Jurassic (∼182–151 Ma), Early Cretaceous (∼116–104 Ma), and Miocene (∼17–6 Ma). Dextral mylonitic deformation was most likely coeval with the Miocene pulse of magmatism. Tectonic exhumation occurred across a positive flower structure during the Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene (∼6–2 Ma), and affected kilometric‐scale tectonic blocks bound by N‐striking, steeply dipping faults of the LOFS. Fault‐controlled geothermal flow occurred from the Early Pleistocene to the present‐day (∼1.5 Ma‐present). Our results suggest that individual faults not only facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks but also act as pathways for long‐term hydrothermal fluid flow. Key Points Tectono‐thermal analysis reveals the timing of magmatism, mylonitization, tectonic exhumation and geothermal fluid flow Differential exhumation is controlled by N‐striking, steeply dipping faults in a positive flower structure Fault zones facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks and continue to serve as pathways for geothermal fluid flow
doi_str_mv 10.1029/2022TC007229
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Field and petrographic analysis, geothermobarometry, zircon U‐Pb geochronology, and zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He thermochronology were applied to intrusive and metamorphic rocks to investigate exhumation patterns of fault blocks delimited by the Liquiñe‐Ofqui Fault System (LOFS), Southern Andes (39°S). Our integrated analyses document the relative influences of magmatism, fault‐driven differential exhumation, and fault‐controlled geothermal flow along the LOFS. Magmatism was concentrated in the Early to Late Jurassic (∼182–151 Ma), Early Cretaceous (∼116–104 Ma), and Miocene (∼17–6 Ma). Dextral mylonitic deformation was most likely coeval with the Miocene pulse of magmatism. Tectonic exhumation occurred across a positive flower structure during the Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene (∼6–2 Ma), and affected kilometric‐scale tectonic blocks bound by N‐striking, steeply dipping faults of the LOFS. Fault‐controlled geothermal flow occurred from the Early Pleistocene to the present‐day (∼1.5 Ma‐present). Our results suggest that individual faults not only facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks but also act as pathways for long‐term hydrothermal fluid flow. Key Points Tectono‐thermal analysis reveals the timing of magmatism, mylonitization, tectonic exhumation and geothermal fluid flow Differential exhumation is controlled by N‐striking, steeply dipping faults in a positive flower structure Fault zones facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks and continue to serve as pathways for geothermal fluid flow</description><identifier>ISSN: 0278-7407</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-9194</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2022TC007229</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Apatite ; Cretaceous ; Crustal deformation ; Deformation ; Exhumation ; Fault lines ; Fluid flow ; Geochronology ; Geochronometry ; Isotopes ; Jurassic ; Magma ; Metamorphic rocks ; Miocene ; North Patagonian Batholith ; Pleistocene ; rock exhumation ; thermobarometry ; Zircon</subject><ispartof>Tectonics (Washington, D.C.), 2023-02, Vol.42 (2), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2023. American Geophysical Union. 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Fault‐controlled geothermal flow occurred from the Early Pleistocene to the present‐day (∼1.5 Ma‐present). Our results suggest that individual faults not only facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks but also act as pathways for long‐term hydrothermal fluid flow. 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Field and petrographic analysis, geothermobarometry, zircon U‐Pb geochronology, and zircon and apatite (U‐Th)/He thermochronology were applied to intrusive and metamorphic rocks to investigate exhumation patterns of fault blocks delimited by the Liquiñe‐Ofqui Fault System (LOFS), Southern Andes (39°S). Our integrated analyses document the relative influences of magmatism, fault‐driven differential exhumation, and fault‐controlled geothermal flow along the LOFS. Magmatism was concentrated in the Early to Late Jurassic (∼182–151 Ma), Early Cretaceous (∼116–104 Ma), and Miocene (∼17–6 Ma). Dextral mylonitic deformation was most likely coeval with the Miocene pulse of magmatism. Tectonic exhumation occurred across a positive flower structure during the Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene (∼6–2 Ma), and affected kilometric‐scale tectonic blocks bound by N‐striking, steeply dipping faults of the LOFS. Fault‐controlled geothermal flow occurred from the Early Pleistocene to the present‐day (∼1.5 Ma‐present). Our results suggest that individual faults not only facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks but also act as pathways for long‐term hydrothermal fluid flow. Key Points Tectono‐thermal analysis reveals the timing of magmatism, mylonitization, tectonic exhumation and geothermal fluid flow Differential exhumation is controlled by N‐striking, steeply dipping faults in a positive flower structure Fault zones facilitate exhumation of tectonic blocks and continue to serve as pathways for geothermal fluid flow</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2022TC007229</doi><tpages>28</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-2129</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7194-9967</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2860-1302</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1011-1113</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0040-063X</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Apatite
Cretaceous
Crustal deformation
Deformation
Exhumation
Fault lines
Fluid flow
Geochronology
Geochronometry
Isotopes
Jurassic
Magma
Metamorphic rocks
Miocene
North Patagonian Batholith
Pleistocene
rock exhumation
thermobarometry
Zircon
title Fault‐Driven Differential Exhumation in a Transpressional Tectonic Setting: A Combined Microstructural and Thermochronologic Approach From the Liquiñe‐Ofqui Fault System, Southern Andes (39°S)
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