Low‐tar, highly burnable gas production from the gasification of pelletized palm empty fruit bunch
Gasification is an attractive method to convert lignocellulosic biomass into a combustible gas mixture for electricity and power generation. To control the tar concentration in the produced gas to be within the allowable limit of downstream applications, it is important for a gasification system to...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Canadian journal of chemical engineering 2023-03, Vol.101 (3), p.1207-1218 |
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creator | Malek, Nur Hanina Alias, Rusmi Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A. |
description | Gasification is an attractive method to convert lignocellulosic biomass into a combustible gas mixture for electricity and power generation. To control the tar concentration in the produced gas to be within the allowable limit of downstream applications, it is important for a gasification system to be integrated with a tar removal process. In this study, an integrated gasification system consisting of a downdraft gasifier and a secondary catalytic tar‐cracking reactor was designed and tested for the gasification of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch. To further purify the producer gas, the system was also integrated with a cyclone, a water scrubber, and a carbon‐bed filter. Biomass was fed at a rate of 5 kg/h, while the air equivalence ratio (ER) and the gasification temperature were set at 0.1 and 800°C, respectively. In total, 5 kg of the specially developed low‐cost Fe/activated carbons (AC) catalyst was used in the hot gas catalytic tar‐cracking reactor. Results indicate that our integrated gasification system was able to produce a clean burnable gas with a lower heating value (LHV) of 9.05 MJ/Nm3, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) of 79.4%, cold gas efficiency (CGE) of 89.9%, and H2 and CH4 concentrations of 29.5% and 10.3%, respectively. The final outlet gas was found to only contain 32.5 mg/Nm3 of tar, thus making it suitable for internal combustion engine (ICE) application. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1002/cjce.24592 |
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To control the tar concentration in the produced gas to be within the allowable limit of downstream applications, it is important for a gasification system to be integrated with a tar removal process. In this study, an integrated gasification system consisting of a downdraft gasifier and a secondary catalytic tar‐cracking reactor was designed and tested for the gasification of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch. To further purify the producer gas, the system was also integrated with a cyclone, a water scrubber, and a carbon‐bed filter. Biomass was fed at a rate of 5 kg/h, while the air equivalence ratio (ER) and the gasification temperature were set at 0.1 and 800°C, respectively. In total, 5 kg of the specially developed low‐cost Fe/activated carbons (AC) catalyst was used in the hot gas catalytic tar‐cracking reactor. Results indicate that our integrated gasification system was able to produce a clean burnable gas with a lower heating value (LHV) of 9.05 MJ/Nm3, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) of 79.4%, cold gas efficiency (CGE) of 89.9%, and H2 and CH4 concentrations of 29.5% and 10.3%, respectively. The final outlet gas was found to only contain 32.5 mg/Nm3 of tar, thus making it suitable for internal combustion engine (ICE) application.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-4034</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-019X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24592</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Activated carbon ; biomass ; Biomass burning ; Calorific value ; carbon‐supported catalyst ; Catalytic cracking ; Cold gas ; Downdraft ; Equivalence ratio ; Gas mixtures ; Gasification ; Internal combustion engines ; Lignocellulose ; Producer gas ; tar</subject><ispartof>Canadian journal of chemical engineering, 2023-03, Vol.101 (3), p.1207-1218</ispartof><rights>2022 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering.</rights><rights>2023 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2312-d9513e6898409b745f7461a3370cb7edaf3ea46997629a9451a7f5cf58a1430a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2312-d9513e6898409b745f7461a3370cb7edaf3ea46997629a9451a7f5cf58a1430a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fcjce.24592$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fcjce.24592$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Malek, Nur Hanina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alias, Rusmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A.</creatorcontrib><title>Low‐tar, highly burnable gas production from the gasification of pelletized palm empty fruit bunch</title><title>Canadian journal of chemical engineering</title><description>Gasification is an attractive method to convert lignocellulosic biomass into a combustible gas mixture for electricity and power generation. To control the tar concentration in the produced gas to be within the allowable limit of downstream applications, it is important for a gasification system to be integrated with a tar removal process. In this study, an integrated gasification system consisting of a downdraft gasifier and a secondary catalytic tar‐cracking reactor was designed and tested for the gasification of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch. To further purify the producer gas, the system was also integrated with a cyclone, a water scrubber, and a carbon‐bed filter. Biomass was fed at a rate of 5 kg/h, while the air equivalence ratio (ER) and the gasification temperature were set at 0.1 and 800°C, respectively. In total, 5 kg of the specially developed low‐cost Fe/activated carbons (AC) catalyst was used in the hot gas catalytic tar‐cracking reactor. Results indicate that our integrated gasification system was able to produce a clean burnable gas with a lower heating value (LHV) of 9.05 MJ/Nm3, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) of 79.4%, cold gas efficiency (CGE) of 89.9%, and H2 and CH4 concentrations of 29.5% and 10.3%, respectively. The final outlet gas was found to only contain 32.5 mg/Nm3 of tar, thus making it suitable for internal combustion engine (ICE) application.</description><subject>Activated carbon</subject><subject>biomass</subject><subject>Biomass burning</subject><subject>Calorific value</subject><subject>carbon‐supported catalyst</subject><subject>Catalytic cracking</subject><subject>Cold gas</subject><subject>Downdraft</subject><subject>Equivalence ratio</subject><subject>Gas mixtures</subject><subject>Gasification</subject><subject>Internal combustion engines</subject><subject>Lignocellulose</subject><subject>Producer gas</subject><subject>tar</subject><issn>0008-4034</issn><issn>1939-019X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kM1KxDAUhYMoOI5ufIKAO7Fj_to0SynjHwNuFNyVNE2mGdJpTVqGuvIRfEafxM7UtavLPXz3cM8B4BKjBUaI3KqN0gvCYkGOwAwLKiKExfsxmCGE0oghyk7BWQibcSWI4RkoV83u5-u7k_4GVnZduQEWvd_Kwmm4lgG2vil71dlmC41vathVB90aq-RBbQxstXO6s5-6hK10NdR12w0j3ttuNNuq6hycGOmCvvibc_B2v3zNHqPVy8NTdreKFKGYRKWIMdVJKlKGRMFZbDhLsKSUI1VwXUpDtWSJEDwhQgoWY8lNrEycSswoknQOribf8euPXocu3zT7MC7khHOc4pgJMVLXE6V8E4LXJm-9raUfcozyfYv5vsX80OII4wneWaeHf8g8e86W080voN51ow</recordid><startdate>202303</startdate><enddate>202303</enddate><creator>Malek, Nur Hanina</creator><creator>Alias, Rusmi</creator><creator>Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A.</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202303</creationdate><title>Low‐tar, highly burnable gas production from the gasification of pelletized palm empty fruit bunch</title><author>Malek, Nur Hanina ; Alias, Rusmi ; Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2312-d9513e6898409b745f7461a3370cb7edaf3ea46997629a9451a7f5cf58a1430a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Activated carbon</topic><topic>biomass</topic><topic>Biomass burning</topic><topic>Calorific value</topic><topic>carbon‐supported catalyst</topic><topic>Catalytic cracking</topic><topic>Cold gas</topic><topic>Downdraft</topic><topic>Equivalence ratio</topic><topic>Gas mixtures</topic><topic>Gasification</topic><topic>Internal combustion engines</topic><topic>Lignocellulose</topic><topic>Producer gas</topic><topic>tar</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Malek, Nur Hanina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alias, Rusmi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Canadian journal of chemical engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Malek, Nur Hanina</au><au>Alias, Rusmi</au><au>Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Low‐tar, highly burnable gas production from the gasification of pelletized palm empty fruit bunch</atitle><jtitle>Canadian journal of chemical engineering</jtitle><date>2023-03</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>101</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1207</spage><epage>1218</epage><pages>1207-1218</pages><issn>0008-4034</issn><eissn>1939-019X</eissn><abstract>Gasification is an attractive method to convert lignocellulosic biomass into a combustible gas mixture for electricity and power generation. To control the tar concentration in the produced gas to be within the allowable limit of downstream applications, it is important for a gasification system to be integrated with a tar removal process. In this study, an integrated gasification system consisting of a downdraft gasifier and a secondary catalytic tar‐cracking reactor was designed and tested for the gasification of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch. To further purify the producer gas, the system was also integrated with a cyclone, a water scrubber, and a carbon‐bed filter. Biomass was fed at a rate of 5 kg/h, while the air equivalence ratio (ER) and the gasification temperature were set at 0.1 and 800°C, respectively. In total, 5 kg of the specially developed low‐cost Fe/activated carbons (AC) catalyst was used in the hot gas catalytic tar‐cracking reactor. Results indicate that our integrated gasification system was able to produce a clean burnable gas with a lower heating value (LHV) of 9.05 MJ/Nm3, carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) of 79.4%, cold gas efficiency (CGE) of 89.9%, and H2 and CH4 concentrations of 29.5% and 10.3%, respectively. The final outlet gas was found to only contain 32.5 mg/Nm3 of tar, thus making it suitable for internal combustion engine (ICE) application.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, USA</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><doi>10.1002/cjce.24592</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Activated carbon biomass Biomass burning Calorific value carbon‐supported catalyst Catalytic cracking Cold gas Downdraft Equivalence ratio Gas mixtures Gasification Internal combustion engines Lignocellulose Producer gas tar |
title | Low‐tar, highly burnable gas production from the gasification of pelletized palm empty fruit bunch |
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