Invasive Australian swamp stonecrop (Crassula helmsii) negatively affects spawning but accelerates larval growth of the endangered natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita)

The invasive Crassula helmsii is rapidly expanding in Europe. Several ecological effects are described, most of which focus on ecosystem functioning and native vegetation but rarely on fauna. In North-western Europe, C. helmsii often invades the breeding habitat of endangered amphibians, such as Epi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Hydrobiologia 2023-02, Vol.850 (3), p.699-714
Hauptverfasser: van der Loop, Janneke M. M., van Veenhuisen, Laura S., van de Loo, Martijn, Vogels, Joost J., van Kleef, Hein H., Leuven, Rob S. E. W.
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container_start_page 699
container_title Hydrobiologia
container_volume 850
creator van der Loop, Janneke M. M.
van Veenhuisen, Laura S.
van de Loo, Martijn
Vogels, Joost J.
van Kleef, Hein H.
Leuven, Rob S. E. W.
description The invasive Crassula helmsii is rapidly expanding in Europe. Several ecological effects are described, most of which focus on ecosystem functioning and native vegetation but rarely on fauna. In North-western Europe, C. helmsii often invades the breeding habitat of endangered amphibians, such as Epidalea calamita. The spawning rate, egg survival and the speed of larval growth of this toad species in relation to the presence of C. helmsii were studied. In order to unravel causal mechanisms, effects on natterjack toads were related to the effects of C. helmsii presence/absence on temperature and chemical properties of the water . Spawning and egg survival were significantly lower under C . helmsii dominance compared to bare soil conditions, and negatively affected the population size of E. calamita . However, larval growth rate was significantly higher in C. helmsii dominated treatments, which could be beneficial. Differences in water temperature and chemistry were a possible explanation for these effects. It remains unclear whether the population viability of E. calamita is negatively affected when C. helmsii is present. In many areas, however, this plant species completely overgrows and causes desiccation of waterbodies. Therefore, appropriate management measures will be required to protect this toad against this invader.
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subjects Amphibians
Aquatic reptiles
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Breeding
Chemical properties
Chemicophysical properties
Crassula helmsii
Desiccation
Ecological effects
Ecological function
Ecology
Eggs
Endangered animals
Endangered species
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Growth rate
Introduced species
Larvae
Larval development
Life Sciences
Plant species
Population number
Population viability
Primary Research Paper
Soil conditions
Spawning
Survival
Swamps
Toads
Water temperature
Zoology
title Invasive Australian swamp stonecrop (Crassula helmsii) negatively affects spawning but accelerates larval growth of the endangered natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita)
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