Facile Green Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Citrus Limetta-Decorated rGO/TiO2 Nanostructures for Glucose Sensing
The important electrochemical measurements of reduced graphene oxide-titanium oxide (rGO)/TiO2) electrodes for the application of a glucose sensor are reported in the proposed work. Investigating the sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility of sensor electrodes that were made and used to evaluate...
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description | The important electrochemical measurements of reduced graphene oxide-titanium oxide (rGO)/TiO2) electrodes for the application of a glucose sensor are reported in the proposed work. Investigating the sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility of sensor electrodes that were made and used to evaluate the concentration of glucose in the serum is one of the novel aspects of this work. This study presents the use of citrus limetta (sweet lime) fruit peel waste to synthesize a green reduction of graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO/TiO2 composite obtained using the microwave heating method is applied for measuring the structural and morphological properties by various means. A conducting fluorine-tin oxide substrate is used to modify the enzymeless glucose sensor electrode. The electrochemical measurements of rGO/TiO2 sensor electrodes are carried out using the technique of cyclic voltammetry. The rGO/TiO2 sensor electrode exhibits a high sensitivity of 1425 µA/mM cm2 towards glucose concentration in the range of 0.1 to 12 mM. The sensor was found to be extremely stable and repeatable with a response time of 5 s along with a minimum detection limit of 0.32 μM of glucose. The rGO/TiO2 sensor shows relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.14%, 1.34%, and 1.3% which reveals its excellent stability, repeatability, and reproducibility respectively. The sensor was used for glucose level detection in natural blood serum and shows an RSD of 1.88%. which is in good agreement with the commercial glucose sensor values. |
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Investigating the sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility of sensor electrodes that were made and used to evaluate the concentration of glucose in the serum is one of the novel aspects of this work. This study presents the use of citrus limetta (sweet lime) fruit peel waste to synthesize a green reduction of graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO/TiO2 composite obtained using the microwave heating method is applied for measuring the structural and morphological properties by various means. A conducting fluorine-tin oxide substrate is used to modify the enzymeless glucose sensor electrode. The electrochemical measurements of rGO/TiO2 sensor electrodes are carried out using the technique of cyclic voltammetry. The rGO/TiO2 sensor electrode exhibits a high sensitivity of 1425 µA/mM cm2 towards glucose concentration in the range of 0.1 to 12 mM. The sensor was found to be extremely stable and repeatable with a response time of 5 s along with a minimum detection limit of 0.32 μM of glucose. The rGO/TiO2 sensor shows relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.14%, 1.34%, and 1.3% which reveals its excellent stability, repeatability, and reproducibility respectively. The sensor was used for glucose level detection in natural blood serum and shows an RSD of 1.88%. which is in good agreement with the commercial glucose sensor values.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2079-9292</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2079-9292</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/electronics12020294</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Biosensors ; Carbon ; Chemicals ; Citrus fruits ; Diabetes ; Electrodes ; Environmental impact ; Flavonoids ; Fluorine ; Glucose ; Graphene ; Graphite ; Metal oxides ; Phytochemicals ; Polyphenols ; Polyvinyl alcohol ; Reproducibility ; Response time ; Sensitivity ; Sensors ; Stability ; Substrates ; Tin oxides ; Titanium dioxide ; Titanium oxides</subject><ispartof>Electronics (Basel), 2023-01, Vol.12 (2), p.294</ispartof><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The rGO/TiO2 sensor shows relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.14%, 1.34%, and 1.3% which reveals its excellent stability, repeatability, and reproducibility respectively. 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subjects | Biosensors Carbon Chemicals Citrus fruits Diabetes Electrodes Environmental impact Flavonoids Fluorine Glucose Graphene Graphite Metal oxides Phytochemicals Polyphenols Polyvinyl alcohol Reproducibility Response time Sensitivity Sensors Stability Substrates Tin oxides Titanium dioxide Titanium oxides |
title | Facile Green Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Citrus Limetta-Decorated rGO/TiO2 Nanostructures for Glucose Sensing |
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