Heat transfer correlation for film boiling during quenching of micro-structured surfaces
This work investigates the separate effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, and surface micro-structure on the film boiling characteristics. A quenching facility was constructed to conduct vertical quenching experiments using rods with various substrate materials and surface morphologies....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nuclear engineering and design 2022-11, Vol.398, p.111943, Article 111943 |
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| creator | Ebrahim, Shikha A. Cheung, Fan-Bill Bajorek, Stephen M. Tien, Kirk Hoxie, Chris L. |
| description | This work investigates the separate effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, and surface micro-structure on the film boiling characteristics. A quenching facility was constructed to conduct vertical quenching experiments using rods with various substrate materials and surface morphologies. The surface morphology is characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Stainless steel, zirconium, and Inconel-600 rods are used with a diameter of 9.5 mm that simulates the size of fuel rods in commercial nuclear reactors. Other Inconel-600 rods with different porosity percentages are used to study the effect of fouling on the quenching behavior. The surface temperature and wall heat flux at the surface are deducted from the temperatures measured by the thermocouples embedded inside the rods using an inverse heat conduction code, from which the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number are calculated. The data are used to develop a generalized heat transfer correlations that includes the effects of liquid subcooling and substrate materials. It predicted the data within ±40% error band. The results also suggest that the heat transfer coefficient increases gradually as the sample cools down and in higher subcooled pools. Moreover, the variation in the substrate material shows a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics. However, the surface micro-structure impact on the film boiling regime is negligible.
•Parametric study of the effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, transient heat transfer, and surface microstructure on the heat transfer characteristics were experimentally investigated.•Surface characterization analyses were performed to obtain detailed information needed to identify the effects of surface microstructure.•The variation in the heat transfer coefficient with the heated surface temperature was studied.•New heat transfer correlations were developed to be used in film boiling regime. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111943 |
| format | Article |
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•Parametric study of the effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, transient heat transfer, and surface microstructure on the heat transfer characteristics were experimentally investigated.•Surface characterization analyses were performed to obtain detailed information needed to identify the effects of surface microstructure.•The variation in the heat transfer coefficient with the heated surface temperature was studied.•New heat transfer correlations were developed to be used in film boiling regime.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0029-5493</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1872-759X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111943</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Boiling ; Conduction heating ; Conductive heat transfer ; Diameters ; Field emission microscopy ; Film boiling ; Fluid flow ; Heat flux ; Heat transfer ; Heat transfer coefficients ; Liquid subcooling ; Mathematical analysis ; Microstructured surfaces ; Morphology ; Nickel base alloys ; Nuclear fuel elements ; Nuclear reactors ; Porosity ; Quenching ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Stainless steel ; Stainless steels ; Substrates ; Superalloys ; Surface characterization ; Surface temperature ; Surface-microstructure ; Thermocouples ; Zirconium</subject><ispartof>Nuclear engineering and design, 2022-11, Vol.398, p.111943, Article 111943</ispartof><rights>2022 The Author(s)</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Nov 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-b5370d12d223b4b46e81b14c314d0178719739bb3f4d823c06cb536ee8ec8a773</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7938-7062</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111943$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ebrahim, Shikha A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheung, Fan-Bill</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bajorek, Stephen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tien, Kirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoxie, Chris L.</creatorcontrib><title>Heat transfer correlation for film boiling during quenching of micro-structured surfaces</title><title>Nuclear engineering and design</title><description>This work investigates the separate effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, and surface micro-structure on the film boiling characteristics. A quenching facility was constructed to conduct vertical quenching experiments using rods with various substrate materials and surface morphologies. The surface morphology is characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Stainless steel, zirconium, and Inconel-600 rods are used with a diameter of 9.5 mm that simulates the size of fuel rods in commercial nuclear reactors. Other Inconel-600 rods with different porosity percentages are used to study the effect of fouling on the quenching behavior. The surface temperature and wall heat flux at the surface are deducted from the temperatures measured by the thermocouples embedded inside the rods using an inverse heat conduction code, from which the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number are calculated. The data are used to develop a generalized heat transfer correlations that includes the effects of liquid subcooling and substrate materials. It predicted the data within ±40% error band. The results also suggest that the heat transfer coefficient increases gradually as the sample cools down and in higher subcooled pools. Moreover, the variation in the substrate material shows a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics. However, the surface micro-structure impact on the film boiling regime is negligible.
•Parametric study of the effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, transient heat transfer, and surface microstructure on the heat transfer characteristics were experimentally investigated.•Surface characterization analyses were performed to obtain detailed information needed to identify the effects of surface microstructure.•The variation in the heat transfer coefficient with the heated surface temperature was studied.•New heat transfer correlations were developed to be used in film boiling regime.</description><subject>Boiling</subject><subject>Conduction heating</subject><subject>Conductive heat transfer</subject><subject>Diameters</subject><subject>Field emission microscopy</subject><subject>Film boiling</subject><subject>Fluid flow</subject><subject>Heat flux</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>Heat transfer coefficients</subject><subject>Liquid subcooling</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Microstructured surfaces</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Nickel base alloys</subject><subject>Nuclear fuel elements</subject><subject>Nuclear reactors</subject><subject>Porosity</subject><subject>Quenching</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Stainless steel</subject><subject>Stainless steels</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Superalloys</subject><subject>Surface characterization</subject><subject>Surface temperature</subject><subject>Surface-microstructure</subject><subject>Thermocouples</subject><subject>Zirconium</subject><issn>0029-5493</issn><issn>1872-759X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkE9LxDAQxYMouK5-BgueW_OnbdrjsqgrCF4U9hbaZLqmdJt1kgp-e1MqXp3LzGHemzc_Qm4ZzRhl5X2fjZOG8WDAZ5xynjHG6lyckRWrJE9lUe_PyYpSXqdFXotLcuV9T-eq-Yrsd9CEJGAz-g4w0Q4RhiZYNyadw6SzwzFpnR3seEjMhHP7nGDUH_PkuuRoNbrUB5x0mBBM4ifsGg3-mlx0zeDh5revyfvjw9t2l768Pj1vNy-pFqIKaVsISQ3jhnPR5m1eQsValmvBckOZrCSrpajbVnS5qbjQtNRRUgJUoKtGSrEmd4vvCV1M5oPq3YRjPKm4LIuIiNY0bsllK6b1HqFTJ7THBr8Vo2rGqHr1h1HNGNWCMSo3ixLiE18WUHltIwAwFkEHZZz91-MHS-SAXw</recordid><startdate>202211</startdate><enddate>202211</enddate><creator>Ebrahim, Shikha A.</creator><creator>Cheung, Fan-Bill</creator><creator>Bajorek, Stephen M.</creator><creator>Tien, Kirk</creator><creator>Hoxie, Chris L.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>SOI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-7062</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202211</creationdate><title>Heat transfer correlation for film boiling during quenching of micro-structured surfaces</title><author>Ebrahim, Shikha A. ; Cheung, Fan-Bill ; Bajorek, Stephen M. ; Tien, Kirk ; Hoxie, Chris L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-b5370d12d223b4b46e81b14c314d0178719739bb3f4d823c06cb536ee8ec8a773</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Boiling</topic><topic>Conduction heating</topic><topic>Conductive heat transfer</topic><topic>Diameters</topic><topic>Field emission microscopy</topic><topic>Film boiling</topic><topic>Fluid flow</topic><topic>Heat flux</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>Heat transfer coefficients</topic><topic>Liquid subcooling</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Microstructured surfaces</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Nickel base alloys</topic><topic>Nuclear fuel elements</topic><topic>Nuclear reactors</topic><topic>Porosity</topic><topic>Quenching</topic><topic>Scanning electron microscopy</topic><topic>Stainless steel</topic><topic>Stainless steels</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Superalloys</topic><topic>Surface characterization</topic><topic>Surface temperature</topic><topic>Surface-microstructure</topic><topic>Thermocouples</topic><topic>Zirconium</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ebrahim, Shikha A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheung, Fan-Bill</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bajorek, Stephen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tien, Kirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoxie, Chris L.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Nuclear engineering and design</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ebrahim, Shikha A.</au><au>Cheung, Fan-Bill</au><au>Bajorek, Stephen M.</au><au>Tien, Kirk</au><au>Hoxie, Chris L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Heat transfer correlation for film boiling during quenching of micro-structured surfaces</atitle><jtitle>Nuclear engineering and design</jtitle><date>2022-11</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>398</volume><spage>111943</spage><pages>111943-</pages><artnum>111943</artnum><issn>0029-5493</issn><eissn>1872-759X</eissn><abstract>This work investigates the separate effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, and surface micro-structure on the film boiling characteristics. A quenching facility was constructed to conduct vertical quenching experiments using rods with various substrate materials and surface morphologies. The surface morphology is characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Stainless steel, zirconium, and Inconel-600 rods are used with a diameter of 9.5 mm that simulates the size of fuel rods in commercial nuclear reactors. Other Inconel-600 rods with different porosity percentages are used to study the effect of fouling on the quenching behavior. The surface temperature and wall heat flux at the surface are deducted from the temperatures measured by the thermocouples embedded inside the rods using an inverse heat conduction code, from which the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number are calculated. The data are used to develop a generalized heat transfer correlations that includes the effects of liquid subcooling and substrate materials. It predicted the data within ±40% error band. The results also suggest that the heat transfer coefficient increases gradually as the sample cools down and in higher subcooled pools. Moreover, the variation in the substrate material shows a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics. However, the surface micro-structure impact on the film boiling regime is negligible.
•Parametric study of the effects of liquid subcooling, substrate material, transient heat transfer, and surface microstructure on the heat transfer characteristics were experimentally investigated.•Surface characterization analyses were performed to obtain detailed information needed to identify the effects of surface microstructure.•The variation in the heat transfer coefficient with the heated surface temperature was studied.•New heat transfer correlations were developed to be used in film boiling regime.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111943</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7938-7062</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Boiling Conduction heating Conductive heat transfer Diameters Field emission microscopy Film boiling Fluid flow Heat flux Heat transfer Heat transfer coefficients Liquid subcooling Mathematical analysis Microstructured surfaces Morphology Nickel base alloys Nuclear fuel elements Nuclear reactors Porosity Quenching Scanning electron microscopy Stainless steel Stainless steels Substrates Superalloys Surface characterization Surface temperature Surface-microstructure Thermocouples Zirconium |
| title | Heat transfer correlation for film boiling during quenching of micro-structured surfaces |
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