Testing of crystalline silicon-based photoelectric and photothermal batteries in real climate conditions and comparison of parameter changes

The article examines the changes in electrical parameters of three types of photovoltaic batteries (PV) and photothermal batteries (PVT) based on them, installed on a portable device with the increased intensity of solar radiation using reflective planes. In this case, without changing the position of the PV and PVT in the device, like the “network” stations, it was set so that the solar radiation falls vertically, as in the time of the rising of the sun, directed to the south. This natural experiment served two purposes. The first is to determine the optimal type for the climate when the various types of PVs available in the local commercial market are used in hot climates. Second, the results of determining and comparing the changes in parameters and energy efficiency of PV and PVT with the same base and capacity at the same time under the same conditions are presented. From the results of the experimental tests, it was clear that the best indicators in terms of short-circuit current, open circuit voltage and power in hot climates are monocrystalline PV and its base PVT. Among the PVs, the lowest values were observed in front and black back coating photoelectric battery. Among the PVTs, it was observed in the polycrystalline silicon photothermal battery. When all types of PVTs were cooled by passing water with a temperature of 18-20°C, sharp electrical changes were observed in monocrystalline silicon with a black back coating. The conclusion from the results of this change is that the use of black back coating photoelectric battery in cold climate regions leads to higher efficiency. Compared to conventional PV, PVT has been observed to generate 1.3-1.4 times more electricity depending on the type of material.