Evaluation of Groundwater Sensitivity to Pollution Using GIS-Based Modified DRASTIC-LU Model for Sustainable Development in the Nile Delta Region
The groundwater resources in the Nile Delta region are an important resource for freshwater because of rising water demand due to anthropogenic activities. The goal of this study is to quantify groundwater sensitivity to pollution in the Nile Delta by a modified GIS-based DRASTIC-LU model. In this s...
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description | The groundwater resources in the Nile Delta region are an important resource for freshwater because of rising water demand due to anthropogenic activities. The goal of this study is to quantify groundwater sensitivity to pollution in the Nile Delta by a modified GIS-based DRASTIC-LU model. In this study, we utilized two types of modified DRASTIC-LU models, generic and pesticide, to determine the groundwater vulnerability rates to contamination. The results of the generic DRASTIC-LU model showed that the research region, except for the northwestern part with moderate vulnerability of 3.38%, is highly and very highly vulnerable to pollution with 42.69 and 53.91%, respectively. Results from the pesticide DRASTIC-LU model, on the other hand, also confirmed that, except for the northwestern and southern parts with a moderate vulnerability of 9.78%, most the Nile Delta is highly and very highly vulnerable with 50.68 and 39.53%, respectively. A validation of the model generated was conducted based on nitrate concentrations in the groundwater and a sensitivity analysis. Based on the nitrate analysis, the final output map showed a strong association with the pesticide vulnerability model. Examining the model sensitivity revealed that the influence of depth to water and net recharge were the most important factors to consider. |
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The goal of this study is to quantify groundwater sensitivity to pollution in the Nile Delta by a modified GIS-based DRASTIC-LU model. In this study, we utilized two types of modified DRASTIC-LU models, generic and pesticide, to determine the groundwater vulnerability rates to contamination. The results of the generic DRASTIC-LU model showed that the research region, except for the northwestern part with moderate vulnerability of 3.38%, is highly and very highly vulnerable to pollution with 42.69 and 53.91%, respectively. Results from the pesticide DRASTIC-LU model, on the other hand, also confirmed that, except for the northwestern and southern parts with a moderate vulnerability of 9.78%, most the Nile Delta is highly and very highly vulnerable with 50.68 and 39.53%, respectively. A validation of the model generated was conducted based on nitrate concentrations in the groundwater and a sensitivity analysis. Based on the nitrate analysis, the final output map showed a strong association with the pesticide vulnerability model. Examining the model sensitivity revealed that the influence of depth to water and net recharge were the most important factors to consider.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/su142214699</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Anthropogenic factors ; Aquifers ; Canals ; Contamination ; Egypt ; Environment ; Geographic information systems ; Groundwater ; Human influences ; Hydraulics ; Pesticides ; Pollution ; Ratings & rankings ; Sediments ; Sensitivity analysis ; Sustainability ; Sustainable development ; Topography ; Water demand ; Water depth ; Water pollution ; Water resources ; Water, Underground ; Water-supply</subject><ispartof>Sustainability, 2022-11, Vol.14 (22), p.14699</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-e9c787d0e72523f0ced949797c6226b97513e560e878001beb797211b7d92a163</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c371t-e9c787d0e72523f0ced949797c6226b97513e560e878001beb797211b7d92a163</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1749-5359</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Arafa, Nesma A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salem, Zenhom El-Said</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghorab, Mahmoud A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soliman, Shokry A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdeldayem, Abdelaziz L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moustafa, Yasser M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghazala, Hosni H</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of Groundwater Sensitivity to Pollution Using GIS-Based Modified DRASTIC-LU Model for Sustainable Development in the Nile Delta Region</title><title>Sustainability</title><description>The groundwater resources in the Nile Delta region are an important resource for freshwater because of rising water demand due to anthropogenic activities. The goal of this study is to quantify groundwater sensitivity to pollution in the Nile Delta by a modified GIS-based DRASTIC-LU model. In this study, we utilized two types of modified DRASTIC-LU models, generic and pesticide, to determine the groundwater vulnerability rates to contamination. The results of the generic DRASTIC-LU model showed that the research region, except for the northwestern part with moderate vulnerability of 3.38%, is highly and very highly vulnerable to pollution with 42.69 and 53.91%, respectively. Results from the pesticide DRASTIC-LU model, on the other hand, also confirmed that, except for the northwestern and southern parts with a moderate vulnerability of 9.78%, most the Nile Delta is highly and very highly vulnerable with 50.68 and 39.53%, respectively. A validation of the model generated was conducted based on nitrate concentrations in the groundwater and a sensitivity analysis. Based on the nitrate analysis, the final output map showed a strong association with the pesticide vulnerability model. Examining the model sensitivity revealed that the influence of depth to water and net recharge were the most important factors to consider.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Anthropogenic factors</subject><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Canals</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Egypt</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Geographic information systems</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Human influences</subject><subject>Hydraulics</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Ratings & rankings</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Sensitivity analysis</subject><subject>Sustainability</subject><subject>Sustainable development</subject><subject>Topography</subject><subject>Water demand</subject><subject>Water depth</subject><subject>Water pollution</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><subject>Water, Underground</subject><subject>Water-supply</subject><issn>2071-1050</issn><issn>2071-1050</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkc1u2zAMx42hBVZ0Oe0FBOw0DE71YVvRMUvbNEDWFvk4C7JNZwoUKZXkdHmMvfHUZoeGPJAgf_yTALPsK8FDxgS-CT0pKCVFJcSn7IpiTnKCS3zxIf-cDULY4mSMEUGqq-zv3UGZXkXtLHIdmnrX2_ZVRfBoCTboqA86HlF06NkZ079z66DtBk1ny_ynCtCiX67VnU7J7WK8XM0m-Xz9VgODOpdk-hCVtqo2gG7hAMbtd2Aj0hbF34Ae9XvdRIUWsEnyX7LLTpkAg__xOlvf360mD_n8aTqbjOd5wziJOYiGj3iLgdOSsg430IpCcMGbitKqFrwkDMoKw4iPMCY11KlHCal5K6giFbvOvp1099699BCi3Lre27RSUs5EkfACJ2p4ojbKgNS2c9GrJnkLO904C126X455QUYFLUueBr6fDSQmwp-4UX0IcrZcnLM_TmzjXQgeOrn3eqf8URIs334qP_yU_QPzR5HZ</recordid><startdate>20221101</startdate><enddate>20221101</enddate><creator>Arafa, Nesma A</creator><creator>Salem, Zenhom El-Said</creator><creator>Ghorab, Mahmoud A</creator><creator>Soliman, Shokry A</creator><creator>Abdeldayem, Abdelaziz L</creator><creator>Moustafa, Yasser M</creator><creator>Ghazala, Hosni H</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1749-5359</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221101</creationdate><title>Evaluation of Groundwater Sensitivity to Pollution Using GIS-Based Modified DRASTIC-LU Model for Sustainable Development in the Nile Delta Region</title><author>Arafa, Nesma A ; 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The goal of this study is to quantify groundwater sensitivity to pollution in the Nile Delta by a modified GIS-based DRASTIC-LU model. In this study, we utilized two types of modified DRASTIC-LU models, generic and pesticide, to determine the groundwater vulnerability rates to contamination. The results of the generic DRASTIC-LU model showed that the research region, except for the northwestern part with moderate vulnerability of 3.38%, is highly and very highly vulnerable to pollution with 42.69 and 53.91%, respectively. Results from the pesticide DRASTIC-LU model, on the other hand, also confirmed that, except for the northwestern and southern parts with a moderate vulnerability of 9.78%, most the Nile Delta is highly and very highly vulnerable with 50.68 and 39.53%, respectively. A validation of the model generated was conducted based on nitrate concentrations in the groundwater and a sensitivity analysis. 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subjects | Analysis Anthropogenic factors Aquifers Canals Contamination Egypt Environment Geographic information systems Groundwater Human influences Hydraulics Pesticides Pollution Ratings & rankings Sediments Sensitivity analysis Sustainability Sustainable development Topography Water demand Water depth Water pollution Water resources Water, Underground Water-supply |
title | Evaluation of Groundwater Sensitivity to Pollution Using GIS-Based Modified DRASTIC-LU Model for Sustainable Development in the Nile Delta Region |
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