Atmospheric Turbulence and Fog Attenuation Effects in Controlled Environment FSO Communication Links
Free-space optical (FSO) communication can be seen as a promising technology for point-to-point and back-hauling links in the next generation wireless networks (5G and beyond) where cell size may shrink to a few hundred meters. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the laser beam propaga...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE photonics technology letters 2022-12, Vol.34 (24), p.1341-1344 |
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| creator | Khan, Abdullah Nafis Saeed, Saad Naeem, Yasir Zubair, Muhammad Massoud, Yehia Younis, Usman |
| description | Free-space optical (FSO) communication can be seen as a promising technology for point-to-point and back-hauling links in the next generation wireless networks (5G and beyond) where cell size may shrink to a few hundred meters. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the laser beam propagation for FSO link under atmospheric turbulence and fog conditions. A controlled atmospheric environment chamber is designed to perform experiments under varying channel conditions. For fog attenuation, we have proposed an empirical model as a function of visibility against the measured average values, for visibility range of 0\leq V \leq1000 m. For atmospheric turbulence, we report the measured values of the refractive index structure parameter C_{n}^{2} . The measured C_{n}^{2} is used to calculate the atmospheric coherence width along the propagation distance. This work would help in the design optimization of practical FSO links under adverse conditions like fog and atmospheric turbulence. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/LPT.2022.3217072 |
| format | Article |
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In this work, we have experimentally investigated the laser beam propagation for FSO link under atmospheric turbulence and fog conditions. A controlled atmospheric environment chamber is designed to perform experiments under varying channel conditions. For fog attenuation, we have proposed an empirical model as a function of visibility against the measured average values, for visibility range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0\leq V \leq1000 </tex-math></inline-formula> m. For atmospheric turbulence, we report the measured values of the refractive index structure parameter <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">C_{n}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula>. The measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">C_{n}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula> is used to calculate the atmospheric coherence width along the propagation distance. This work would help in the design optimization of practical FSO links under adverse conditions like fog and atmospheric turbulence.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1041-1135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1941-0174</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2022.3217072</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IPTLEL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Atmospheric measurements ; Atmospheric modeling ; Atmospheric turbulence ; Attenuation ; Design optimization ; Fog ; free space optics ; Free-space optical communication ; Hauling ; Laser beams ; Links ; Measurement by laser beam ; Measuring instruments ; Optical attenuation ; Optical attenuators ; Optical variables control ; Propagation ; Refractivity ; Temperature measurement ; Visibility ; Wireless networks</subject><ispartof>IEEE photonics technology letters, 2022-12, Vol.34 (24), p.1341-1344</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2022</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c333t-982048bbeea4101c33587ffebf3820f73b52b7318b1eeac800dd7315125eda7f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c333t-982048bbeea4101c33587ffebf3820f73b52b7318b1eeac800dd7315125eda7f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5538-2320 ; 0000-0002-7134-1967 ; 0000-0001-8603-5359 ; 0000-0001-6664-5483 ; 0000-0002-6701-0639 ; 0000-0002-6493-4027</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9931715$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9931715$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khan, Abdullah Nafis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saeed, Saad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naeem, Yasir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zubair, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Massoud, Yehia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Younis, Usman</creatorcontrib><title>Atmospheric Turbulence and Fog Attenuation Effects in Controlled Environment FSO Communication Links</title><title>IEEE photonics technology letters</title><addtitle>LPT</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Free-space optical (FSO) communication can be seen as a promising technology for point-to-point and back-hauling links in the next generation wireless networks (5G and beyond) where cell size may shrink to a few hundred meters. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the laser beam propagation for FSO link under atmospheric turbulence and fog conditions. A controlled atmospheric environment chamber is designed to perform experiments under varying channel conditions. For fog attenuation, we have proposed an empirical model as a function of visibility against the measured average values, for visibility range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0\leq V \leq1000 </tex-math></inline-formula> m. For atmospheric turbulence, we report the measured values of the refractive index structure parameter <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">C_{n}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula>. The measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">C_{n}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula> is used to calculate the atmospheric coherence width along the propagation distance. This work would help in the design optimization of practical FSO links under adverse conditions like fog and atmospheric turbulence.]]></description><subject>Atmospheric measurements</subject><subject>Atmospheric modeling</subject><subject>Atmospheric turbulence</subject><subject>Attenuation</subject><subject>Design optimization</subject><subject>Fog</subject><subject>free space optics</subject><subject>Free-space optical communication</subject><subject>Hauling</subject><subject>Laser beams</subject><subject>Links</subject><subject>Measurement by laser beam</subject><subject>Measuring instruments</subject><subject>Optical attenuation</subject><subject>Optical attenuators</subject><subject>Optical variables control</subject><subject>Propagation</subject><subject>Refractivity</subject><subject>Temperature measurement</subject><subject>Visibility</subject><subject>Wireless networks</subject><issn>1041-1135</issn><issn>1941-0174</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9UE1LAzEUDKJgrd4FLwHPW_OSDdk9ltKqUKhgPYf9eKupu0lNsoL_3pQVT2_em5k3MITcAlsAsPJh-7JfcMb5QnBQTPEzMoMyh4yBys8TZgkDCHlJrkI4MAa5FPmMtMs4uHD8QG8auh99PfZoG6SVbenGvdNljGjHKhpn6brrsImBGktXzkbv-h5burbfxjs7oI1087pL1DCM1jSTZ2vsZ7gmF13VB7z5m3PytlnvV0_Zdvf4vFpus0YIEbOy4Cwv6hqxyoFBOspCpcy6E4nplKglr5WAooYkaQrG2jatErjEtlKdmJP76e_Ru68RQ9QHN3qbIjVXIhclZ6VMKjapGu9C8NjpozdD5X80MH3qUqcu9alL_ddlstxNFoOI__KyFKBAil9oBnBq</recordid><startdate>20221215</startdate><enddate>20221215</enddate><creator>Khan, Abdullah Nafis</creator><creator>Saeed, Saad</creator><creator>Naeem, Yasir</creator><creator>Zubair, Muhammad</creator><creator>Massoud, Yehia</creator><creator>Younis, Usman</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-2320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7134-1967</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-5359</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-5483</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6701-0639</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6493-4027</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221215</creationdate><title>Atmospheric Turbulence and Fog Attenuation Effects in Controlled Environment FSO Communication Links</title><author>Khan, Abdullah Nafis ; Saeed, Saad ; Naeem, Yasir ; Zubair, Muhammad ; Massoud, Yehia ; Younis, Usman</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c333t-982048bbeea4101c33587ffebf3820f73b52b7318b1eeac800dd7315125eda7f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Atmospheric measurements</topic><topic>Atmospheric modeling</topic><topic>Atmospheric turbulence</topic><topic>Attenuation</topic><topic>Design optimization</topic><topic>Fog</topic><topic>free space optics</topic><topic>Free-space optical communication</topic><topic>Hauling</topic><topic>Laser beams</topic><topic>Links</topic><topic>Measurement by laser beam</topic><topic>Measuring instruments</topic><topic>Optical attenuation</topic><topic>Optical attenuators</topic><topic>Optical variables control</topic><topic>Propagation</topic><topic>Refractivity</topic><topic>Temperature measurement</topic><topic>Visibility</topic><topic>Wireless networks</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khan, Abdullah Nafis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saeed, Saad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naeem, Yasir</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zubair, Muhammad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Massoud, Yehia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Younis, Usman</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE photonics technology letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khan, Abdullah Nafis</au><au>Saeed, Saad</au><au>Naeem, Yasir</au><au>Zubair, Muhammad</au><au>Massoud, Yehia</au><au>Younis, Usman</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Atmospheric Turbulence and Fog Attenuation Effects in Controlled Environment FSO Communication Links</atitle><jtitle>IEEE photonics technology letters</jtitle><stitle>LPT</stitle><date>2022-12-15</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>1341</spage><epage>1344</epage><pages>1341-1344</pages><issn>1041-1135</issn><eissn>1941-0174</eissn><coden>IPTLEL</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Free-space optical (FSO) communication can be seen as a promising technology for point-to-point and back-hauling links in the next generation wireless networks (5G and beyond) where cell size may shrink to a few hundred meters. In this work, we have experimentally investigated the laser beam propagation for FSO link under atmospheric turbulence and fog conditions. A controlled atmospheric environment chamber is designed to perform experiments under varying channel conditions. For fog attenuation, we have proposed an empirical model as a function of visibility against the measured average values, for visibility range of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">0\leq V \leq1000 </tex-math></inline-formula> m. For atmospheric turbulence, we report the measured values of the refractive index structure parameter <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">C_{n}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula>. The measured <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">C_{n}^{2} </tex-math></inline-formula> is used to calculate the atmospheric coherence width along the propagation distance. 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| subjects | Atmospheric measurements Atmospheric modeling Atmospheric turbulence Attenuation Design optimization Fog free space optics Free-space optical communication Hauling Laser beams Links Measurement by laser beam Measuring instruments Optical attenuation Optical attenuators Optical variables control Propagation Refractivity Temperature measurement Visibility Wireless networks |
| title | Atmospheric Turbulence and Fog Attenuation Effects in Controlled Environment FSO Communication Links |
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