How Does Performance Evaluation Impact Academics?

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number and weight of professional performance evaluations of academics in which research is prioritized over the rest of their functions. These evaluation processes have a decisive impact on academics. This research consists of a review of the literature to bring together the main consequences that these evaluations have on them. To this end, a systematic review of the literature was carried out using four databases (“WoS,” “Scopus,” “ERIC,” and “Google Scholar”), from which twenty documents were selected and subjected to a thematic analysis. Among the results, we highlight the increase in scientific production over the years and the predominance of research with a qualitative approach. In addition, two main themes stand out: (1) occupational consequences and (2) social and health consequences. Finally, future lines of research are highlighted, among which we highlight the development of studies from a critical paradigm that will allow us to obtain methods to alleviate these consequences.