Ecological Health Status of the Yitong River, China, Assessed with the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity
The Yitong River Basin is the main northern urban river basin in China, and its ecological health has become an important issue of public interest. In 2021, the plankton community and main water quality parameters of the Yitong River were monitored quarterly. An evaluation system was established bas...
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description | The Yitong River Basin is the main northern urban river basin in China, and its ecological health has become an important issue of public interest. In 2021, the plankton community and main water quality parameters of the Yitong River were monitored quarterly. An evaluation system was established based on the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity (P–IBI) to assess the spatial and temporal variability in river health. To verify the feasibility of the P–IBI, its assessment results were compared with those of the water quality index (WQI), and the main factors affecting the P–IBI in different seasons were analyzed using correlation analysis between P–IBI metrics and environmental factors. Seasonal comparisons showed that most sampling sites exceeded the “moderate” level in spring and autumn, followed by winter. The worst assessment results occurred in summer. Urban river reaches were more polluted than reaches in rural areas. Regarding driving factors, hydraulic effects on the P–IBI in spring and autumn were significantly stronger than other environmental factors. In summer and winter, special attention should be paid to the input of nitrogen compounds and organic pollutants. Trends based on the P–IBI and the WQI differed in winter, but site patterns were consistent between both indices. The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the health maintenance of the Yitong River. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/w14193191 |
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In 2021, the plankton community and main water quality parameters of the Yitong River were monitored quarterly. An evaluation system was established based on the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity (P–IBI) to assess the spatial and temporal variability in river health. To verify the feasibility of the P–IBI, its assessment results were compared with those of the water quality index (WQI), and the main factors affecting the P–IBI in different seasons were analyzed using correlation analysis between P–IBI metrics and environmental factors. Seasonal comparisons showed that most sampling sites exceeded the “moderate” level in spring and autumn, followed by winter. The worst assessment results occurred in summer. Urban river reaches were more polluted than reaches in rural areas. Regarding driving factors, hydraulic effects on the P–IBI in spring and autumn were significantly stronger than other environmental factors. In summer and winter, special attention should be paid to the input of nitrogen compounds and organic pollutants. Trends based on the P–IBI and the WQI differed in winter, but site patterns were consistent between both indices. The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the health maintenance of the Yitong River.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4441</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4441</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/w14193191</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Aquatic ecosystems ; Autumn ; Chemical oxygen demand ; Correlation analysis ; Distribution ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental factors ; Eutrophication ; Hydrology ; Identification and classification ; Laboratories ; Measurement ; Nitrates ; Nitrogen ; Plankton ; Pollutants ; Public concern ; River basins ; River ecology ; Rivers ; Rural areas ; Seasonal comparisons ; Spring ; Spring (season) ; Summer ; Testing ; Urban areas ; Water quality ; Winter</subject><ispartof>Water (Basel), 2022-10, Vol.14 (19), p.3191</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c289t-6114f88ee5889a1ac187aee2fd22b18fa99f8c727698baf1d82ab454d2b72f483</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c289t-6114f88ee5889a1ac187aee2fd22b18fa99f8c727698baf1d82ab454d2b72f483</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9863-6853</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,27933,27934</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Ke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Ang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shuwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xiangfei</creatorcontrib><title>Ecological Health Status of the Yitong River, China, Assessed with the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity</title><title>Water (Basel)</title><description>The Yitong River Basin is the main northern urban river basin in China, and its ecological health has become an important issue of public interest. In 2021, the plankton community and main water quality parameters of the Yitong River were monitored quarterly. An evaluation system was established based on the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity (P–IBI) to assess the spatial and temporal variability in river health. To verify the feasibility of the P–IBI, its assessment results were compared with those of the water quality index (WQI), and the main factors affecting the P–IBI in different seasons were analyzed using correlation analysis between P–IBI metrics and environmental factors. Seasonal comparisons showed that most sampling sites exceeded the “moderate” level in spring and autumn, followed by winter. The worst assessment results occurred in summer. Urban river reaches were more polluted than reaches in rural areas. Regarding driving factors, hydraulic effects on the P–IBI in spring and autumn were significantly stronger than other environmental factors. In summer and winter, special attention should be paid to the input of nitrogen compounds and organic pollutants. Trends based on the P–IBI and the WQI differed in winter, but site patterns were consistent between both indices. The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the health maintenance of the Yitong River.</description><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Aquatic ecosystems</subject><subject>Autumn</subject><subject>Chemical oxygen demand</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>Environmental factors</subject><subject>Eutrophication</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Identification and classification</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Measurement</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrogen</subject><subject>Plankton</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Public concern</subject><subject>River basins</subject><subject>River ecology</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Rural areas</subject><subject>Seasonal comparisons</subject><subject>Spring</subject><subject>Spring (season)</subject><subject>Summer</subject><subject>Testing</subject><subject>Urban areas</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Winter</subject><issn>2073-4441</issn><issn>2073-4441</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNptUV1LwzAULaLgmHvwHwR8EtaZpOmaPM4x3WCg-PHgU0jTpMvWNTPJnPv3tk78AO-9cD8459yHE0XnCA6ShMGrHSKIJYiho6iDYZbEhBB0_Gs-jXreL2EThFGawk60mkhb2dJIUYGpElVYgMcgwtYDq0FYKPBigq1L8GDelOuD8cLUog9G3qumCrAzDaGF3VeiXjVII8GsLtR7S782NnzuQZXOhP1ZdKJF5VXvq3ej55vJ03gaz-9uZ-PRPJaYshAPESKaUqVSSplAQiKaCaWwLjDOEdWCMU1lhrMho7nQqKBY5CQlBc4zrAlNutHFQXfj7OtW-cCXduvq5iXHGSaY0YwNf1ClqBQ3tbbBCbk2XvIRRTBFJIWt1uAfVJOFWhtpa6VNc_9DuDwQpLPeO6X5xpm1cHuOIG9d4t8uJR_Tq4H6</recordid><startdate>20221001</startdate><enddate>20221001</enddate><creator>Zhao, Ke</creator><creator>Dong, Ang</creator><creator>Wang, Shuwei</creator><creator>Yu, Xiangfei</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9863-6853</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221001</creationdate><title>Ecological Health Status of the Yitong River, China, Assessed with the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity</title><author>Zhao, Ke ; Dong, Ang ; Wang, Shuwei ; Yu, Xiangfei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c289t-6114f88ee5889a1ac187aee2fd22b18fa99f8c727698baf1d82ab454d2b72f483</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Aquatic ecosystems</topic><topic>Autumn</topic><topic>Chemical oxygen demand</topic><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>Environmental factors</topic><topic>Eutrophication</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Identification and classification</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Measurement</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrogen</topic><topic>Plankton</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Public concern</topic><topic>River basins</topic><topic>River ecology</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Rural areas</topic><topic>Seasonal comparisons</topic><topic>Spring</topic><topic>Spring (season)</topic><topic>Summer</topic><topic>Testing</topic><topic>Urban areas</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Winter</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Ke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Ang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Shuwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Xiangfei</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>Water (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Ke</au><au>Dong, Ang</au><au>Wang, Shuwei</au><au>Yu, Xiangfei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ecological Health Status of the Yitong River, China, Assessed with the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity</atitle><jtitle>Water (Basel)</jtitle><date>2022-10-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>3191</spage><pages>3191-</pages><issn>2073-4441</issn><eissn>2073-4441</eissn><abstract>The Yitong River Basin is the main northern urban river basin in China, and its ecological health has become an important issue of public interest. In 2021, the plankton community and main water quality parameters of the Yitong River were monitored quarterly. An evaluation system was established based on the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity (P–IBI) to assess the spatial and temporal variability in river health. To verify the feasibility of the P–IBI, its assessment results were compared with those of the water quality index (WQI), and the main factors affecting the P–IBI in different seasons were analyzed using correlation analysis between P–IBI metrics and environmental factors. Seasonal comparisons showed that most sampling sites exceeded the “moderate” level in spring and autumn, followed by winter. The worst assessment results occurred in summer. Urban river reaches were more polluted than reaches in rural areas. Regarding driving factors, hydraulic effects on the P–IBI in spring and autumn were significantly stronger than other environmental factors. In summer and winter, special attention should be paid to the input of nitrogen compounds and organic pollutants. Trends based on the P–IBI and the WQI differed in winter, but site patterns were consistent between both indices. The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the health maintenance of the Yitong River.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/w14193191</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9863-6853</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Agricultural production Aquatic ecosystems Autumn Chemical oxygen demand Correlation analysis Distribution Environmental aspects Environmental factors Eutrophication Hydrology Identification and classification Laboratories Measurement Nitrates Nitrogen Plankton Pollutants Public concern River basins River ecology Rivers Rural areas Seasonal comparisons Spring Spring (season) Summer Testing Urban areas Water quality Winter |
title | Ecological Health Status of the Yitong River, China, Assessed with the Planktonic Index of Biotic Integrity |
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