Remarkable Variation in the Process of Hg Accumulation in Timberline Forests Indicates an Aggravated Hg Burden in Alpine Forests Under Climate Warming

Significant knowledge gaps in mercury (Hg) cycling challenge our ability to assess the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention on Mercury in reducing human and wildlife Hg exposure due to the complicated impacts of climate change. In this study, we comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribu...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences 2022-09, Vol.127 (9), p.n/a
Hauptverfasser: Luo, Kang, Yuan, Wei, Liu, Nantao, Zeng, Shufang, Wang, Dingyong, Lu, Zhiyun, Wang, Xun, Feng, Xinbin
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container_title Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences
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creator Luo, Kang
Yuan, Wei
Liu, Nantao
Zeng, Shufang
Wang, Dingyong
Lu, Zhiyun
Wang, Xun
Feng, Xinbin
description Significant knowledge gaps in mercury (Hg) cycling challenge our ability to assess the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention on Mercury in reducing human and wildlife Hg exposure due to the complicated impacts of climate change. In this study, we comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes to understand the Hg sources and accumulation pathways in forests along the timberline ecotone, an ecosystem that provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. Our results show that although there were subtle variations in meteorological and environmental conditions among the
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In this study, we comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes to understand the Hg sources and accumulation pathways in forests along the timberline ecotone, an ecosystem that provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. Our results show that although there were subtle variations in meteorological and environmental conditions among the &lt;50 m elevation variation, a spruce to shrub vegetation structure shift led to a distinct decrease in vegetation and soil Hg pool sizes by 36%–56% along the timberline ecotone. Further Hg isotopic evidence verified that vegetation‐induced atmospheric Hg0 deposition was the main source for Hg accumulation in soils, and the source contribution of such input decreases from 73% to 45% along the timberline ecotone. Our results indicate that if global warming induced a spruce tree line upward shift, it would significantly promote the atmospheric Hg burden, thus resulting in a conspicuous “Hg hotspot”. We recommend further studies to assess the Hg ecological risk promoted by global warming in alpine ecosystems. Plain Language Summary We comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes in forests along the timberline ecotone, which provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. The results highlight that the shift in vegetation structure along the timberline ecotone induces distinct dynamics in the Hg pool size. The Hg isotopic evidence shows that vegetation‐induced atmospheric Hg0 deposition is the dominant pathway for Hg accumulation in forests. The decreasing atmospheric Hg0‐induced deposition along the timberline ecotone is associated with a decrease in vegetation biomass but a slight increase in cloud water‐induced atmospheric Hg2+ deposition at the upper sites. Such a shift in the atmospheric Hg deposition pathway provides new insight into understanding Hg accumulation in response to climate change in alpine forests. Key Points Significantly different Hg pool is along the timberline ecotone, even at a fine scale Hg isotopes depict the distinct process of Hg biogeochemistry along the timberline ecotone Global warming‐induced upward tree line shifts would significantly promote the atmospheric Hg burden of alpine forests</description><identifier>ISSN: 2169-8953</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2169-8961</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1029/2022JG006940</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Accumulation ; Climate change ; Deposition ; Distribution ; Ecological risk assessment ; Environmental conditions ; Environmental impact ; Environmental law ; Forests ; Global warming ; Habitat selection ; International law ; Isotopes ; Mercury ; Mercury (metal) ; Spatial distribution ; Stable isotopes ; Timberline ; Variation ; Vegetation ; Wildlife</subject><ispartof>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences, 2022-09, Vol.127 (9), p.n/a</ispartof><rights>2022. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2805-32ce8b099c20ac0741bac662a398b55d67c66f2a46bf7ca5c0a31fd765322f9f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2805-32ce8b099c20ac0741bac662a398b55d67c66f2a46bf7ca5c0a31fd765322f9f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8043-1171 ; 0000-0002-7462-8998 ; 0000-0002-7407-8965</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029%2F2022JG006940$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029%2F2022JG006940$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,1434,27929,27930,45579,45580,46414,46838</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Luo, Kang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Nantao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Shufang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Dingyong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Zhiyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Xinbin</creatorcontrib><title>Remarkable Variation in the Process of Hg Accumulation in Timberline Forests Indicates an Aggravated Hg Burden in Alpine Forests Under Climate Warming</title><title>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences</title><description>Significant knowledge gaps in mercury (Hg) cycling challenge our ability to assess the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention on Mercury in reducing human and wildlife Hg exposure due to the complicated impacts of climate change. In this study, we comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes to understand the Hg sources and accumulation pathways in forests along the timberline ecotone, an ecosystem that provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. Our results show that although there were subtle variations in meteorological and environmental conditions among the &lt;50 m elevation variation, a spruce to shrub vegetation structure shift led to a distinct decrease in vegetation and soil Hg pool sizes by 36%–56% along the timberline ecotone. Further Hg isotopic evidence verified that vegetation‐induced atmospheric Hg0 deposition was the main source for Hg accumulation in soils, and the source contribution of such input decreases from 73% to 45% along the timberline ecotone. Our results indicate that if global warming induced a spruce tree line upward shift, it would significantly promote the atmospheric Hg burden, thus resulting in a conspicuous “Hg hotspot”. We recommend further studies to assess the Hg ecological risk promoted by global warming in alpine ecosystems. Plain Language Summary We comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes in forests along the timberline ecotone, which provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. The results highlight that the shift in vegetation structure along the timberline ecotone induces distinct dynamics in the Hg pool size. The Hg isotopic evidence shows that vegetation‐induced atmospheric Hg0 deposition is the dominant pathway for Hg accumulation in forests. The decreasing atmospheric Hg0‐induced deposition along the timberline ecotone is associated with a decrease in vegetation biomass but a slight increase in cloud water‐induced atmospheric Hg2+ deposition at the upper sites. Such a shift in the atmospheric Hg deposition pathway provides new insight into understanding Hg accumulation in response to climate change in alpine forests. Key Points Significantly different Hg pool is along the timberline ecotone, even at a fine scale Hg isotopes depict the distinct process of Hg biogeochemistry along the timberline ecotone Global warming‐induced upward tree line shifts would significantly promote the atmospheric Hg burden of alpine forests</description><subject>Accumulation</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Deposition</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Ecological risk assessment</subject><subject>Environmental conditions</subject><subject>Environmental impact</subject><subject>Environmental law</subject><subject>Forests</subject><subject>Global warming</subject><subject>Habitat selection</subject><subject>International law</subject><subject>Isotopes</subject><subject>Mercury</subject><subject>Mercury (metal)</subject><subject>Spatial distribution</subject><subject>Stable isotopes</subject><subject>Timberline</subject><subject>Variation</subject><subject>Vegetation</subject><subject>Wildlife</subject><issn>2169-8953</issn><issn>2169-8961</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kM9OwzAMxiMEEtPYjQeIxJVC_rRpeywT6zZNAk0bHKs0TUtGm46kBe1FeF4yhqad8MX-rN9nWwbgGqM7jEh8TxAh8xQhFvvoDAwIZrEXxQyfH-uAXoKRtRvkInItjAfgeykbbt55Xkv4wo3inWo1VBp2bxI-m1ZIa2FbwmkFEyH6pq-PxEo1uTS10hJOWiNtZ-FMF0rwTlrINUyqyvBPp4q9-6E3hfz1JfX21LPWhTRwXKvGofCVm0bp6gpclLy2cvSXh2A9eVyNp97iKZ2Nk4UnSIQCjxIhoxzFsSCICxT6OOeCMcJpHOVBULDQqZJwn-VlKHggEKe4LEIWUELKuKRDcHOYuzXtR-_uyTZtb7RbmZEQRyz0GfYddXughGmtNbLMtsada3YZRtn--dnp8x1OD_iXquXuXzabp8uUEIoD-gOLe4ZE</recordid><startdate>202209</startdate><enddate>202209</enddate><creator>Luo, Kang</creator><creator>Yuan, Wei</creator><creator>Liu, Nantao</creator><creator>Zeng, Shufang</creator><creator>Wang, Dingyong</creator><creator>Lu, Zhiyun</creator><creator>Wang, Xun</creator><creator>Feng, Xinbin</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8043-1171</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8998</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-8965</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202209</creationdate><title>Remarkable Variation in the Process of Hg Accumulation in Timberline Forests Indicates an Aggravated Hg Burden in Alpine Forests Under Climate Warming</title><author>Luo, Kang ; Yuan, Wei ; Liu, Nantao ; Zeng, Shufang ; Wang, Dingyong ; Lu, Zhiyun ; Wang, Xun ; Feng, Xinbin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2805-32ce8b099c20ac0741bac662a398b55d67c66f2a46bf7ca5c0a31fd765322f9f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Accumulation</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Deposition</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Ecological risk assessment</topic><topic>Environmental conditions</topic><topic>Environmental impact</topic><topic>Environmental law</topic><topic>Forests</topic><topic>Global warming</topic><topic>Habitat selection</topic><topic>International law</topic><topic>Isotopes</topic><topic>Mercury</topic><topic>Mercury (metal)</topic><topic>Spatial distribution</topic><topic>Stable isotopes</topic><topic>Timberline</topic><topic>Variation</topic><topic>Vegetation</topic><topic>Wildlife</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Luo, Kang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Nantao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeng, Shufang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Dingyong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Zhiyun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Feng, Xinbin</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy &amp; Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Luo, Kang</au><au>Yuan, Wei</au><au>Liu, Nantao</au><au>Zeng, Shufang</au><au>Wang, Dingyong</au><au>Lu, Zhiyun</au><au>Wang, Xun</au><au>Feng, Xinbin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Remarkable Variation in the Process of Hg Accumulation in Timberline Forests Indicates an Aggravated Hg Burden in Alpine Forests Under Climate Warming</atitle><jtitle>Journal of geophysical research. Biogeosciences</jtitle><date>2022-09</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>127</volume><issue>9</issue><epage>n/a</epage><issn>2169-8953</issn><eissn>2169-8961</eissn><abstract>Significant knowledge gaps in mercury (Hg) cycling challenge our ability to assess the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention on Mercury in reducing human and wildlife Hg exposure due to the complicated impacts of climate change. In this study, we comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes to understand the Hg sources and accumulation pathways in forests along the timberline ecotone, an ecosystem that provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. Our results show that although there were subtle variations in meteorological and environmental conditions among the &lt;50 m elevation variation, a spruce to shrub vegetation structure shift led to a distinct decrease in vegetation and soil Hg pool sizes by 36%–56% along the timberline ecotone. Further Hg isotopic evidence verified that vegetation‐induced atmospheric Hg0 deposition was the main source for Hg accumulation in soils, and the source contribution of such input decreases from 73% to 45% along the timberline ecotone. Our results indicate that if global warming induced a spruce tree line upward shift, it would significantly promote the atmospheric Hg burden, thus resulting in a conspicuous “Hg hotspot”. We recommend further studies to assess the Hg ecological risk promoted by global warming in alpine ecosystems. Plain Language Summary We comprehensively quantified the Hg spatial distribution and determined the Hg stable isotopes in forests along the timberline ecotone, which provides an early bellwether of global warming effects. The results highlight that the shift in vegetation structure along the timberline ecotone induces distinct dynamics in the Hg pool size. The Hg isotopic evidence shows that vegetation‐induced atmospheric Hg0 deposition is the dominant pathway for Hg accumulation in forests. The decreasing atmospheric Hg0‐induced deposition along the timberline ecotone is associated with a decrease in vegetation biomass but a slight increase in cloud water‐induced atmospheric Hg2+ deposition at the upper sites. Such a shift in the atmospheric Hg deposition pathway provides new insight into understanding Hg accumulation in response to climate change in alpine forests. Key Points Significantly different Hg pool is along the timberline ecotone, even at a fine scale Hg isotopes depict the distinct process of Hg biogeochemistry along the timberline ecotone Global warming‐induced upward tree line shifts would significantly promote the atmospheric Hg burden of alpine forests</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1029/2022JG006940</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8043-1171</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7462-8998</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7407-8965</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Accumulation
Climate change
Deposition
Distribution
Ecological risk assessment
Environmental conditions
Environmental impact
Environmental law
Forests
Global warming
Habitat selection
International law
Isotopes
Mercury
Mercury (metal)
Spatial distribution
Stable isotopes
Timberline
Variation
Vegetation
Wildlife
title Remarkable Variation in the Process of Hg Accumulation in Timberline Forests Indicates an Aggravated Hg Burden in Alpine Forests Under Climate Warming
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