Electrification of the chemical industry—materials innovations for a lower carbon future
The chemical industry contributes to 6% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A handful of chemical processes (ammonia, nitric acid, methanol, olefins, aromatics, and chlor-alkali) account for 65% of those emissions. Decarbonization of the chemical industry will depend on addressin...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | MRS bulletin 2021-12, Vol.46 (12), p.1197-1204 |
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| creator | Eryazici, Ibrahim Ramesh, Narayan Villa, Carlos |
| description | The chemical industry contributes to 6% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A handful of chemical processes (ammonia, nitric acid, methanol, olefins, aromatics, and chlor-alkali) account for 65% of those emissions. Decarbonization of the chemical industry will depend on addressing the intermittency of renewable electricity possibly via low-carbon hydrogen production using water electrolysis. A low-carbon power grid, which could happen in the next decade, would enable the chemical industry to reduce its GHG emissions by at least 35 percent. The remaining heat-based and direct emissions could be addressed by direct use of low-carbon electricity for heat or by generating hydrogen that can be used as a fuel and reducing agent coupled with CO
2
capture and utilization efforts. Herein, we discuss how materials innovations could enable the transition to a lower carbon future when based on first-principles and economic realities.
Graphical Abstract |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1557/s43577-021-00243-9 |
| format | Article |
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2
capture and utilization efforts. Herein, we discuss how materials innovations could enable the transition to a lower carbon future when based on first-principles and economic realities.
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2
capture and utilization efforts. Herein, we discuss how materials innovations could enable the transition to a lower carbon future when based on first-principles and economic realities.
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A handful of chemical processes (ammonia, nitric acid, methanol, olefins, aromatics, and chlor-alkali) account for 65% of those emissions. Decarbonization of the chemical industry will depend on addressing the intermittency of renewable electricity possibly via low-carbon hydrogen production using water electrolysis. A low-carbon power grid, which could happen in the next decade, would enable the chemical industry to reduce its GHG emissions by at least 35 percent. The remaining heat-based and direct emissions could be addressed by direct use of low-carbon electricity for heat or by generating hydrogen that can be used as a fuel and reducing agent coupled with CO
2
capture and utilization efforts. Herein, we discuss how materials innovations could enable the transition to a lower carbon future when based on first-principles and economic realities.
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| subjects | Alkenes Ammonia Applied and Technical Physics Carbon content Carbon dioxide Carbon sequestration Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemical industry Chemical reactions Chemistry and Materials Science Electric power grids Electricity Electrification Electrolysis Energy Materials First principles Greenhouse gases Hydrogen production Innovations Materials Engineering Materials Science Nanotechnology Nitric acid Reducing agents Review Article |
| title | Electrification of the chemical industry—materials innovations for a lower carbon future |
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