Fiber In-Line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on a Pair of Optical Fiber Diffraction Gratings
Optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer for strain and refractive index sensing is proposed based on a pair of multi-column diffraction gratings. In the device operation, part of the light traveling in the fiber core diffracted to the cladding region through the first set of multi-column d...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE photonics technology letters 2022-10, Vol.34 (20), p.1096-1099 |
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| creator | Gao, J. W. Xia, Q. K. Wang, D. N. |
| description | Optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer for strain and refractive index sensing is proposed based on a pair of multi-column diffraction gratings. In the device operation, part of the light traveling in the fiber core diffracted to the cladding region through the first set of multi-column diffraction gratings, and directed back into the fiber core by the second set of multi-column diffraction gratings after being reflected at the cladding-air interface. The rest of the light remains traveling along the core, and the two parts of light recombine and produce interference. Thus, the multi-column diffraction gratings pair essentially forms an optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The transmission spectra of different free spectral ranges can be obtained by controlling the separation of two set of multi-column diffraction gratings. The sensitivities achieved for strain and refractive index are ~−1.43 pm / \mu \varepsilon and 363.41 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), respectively. As the device has a low temperature sensitivity 8.03 pm/°C, the temperature cross sensitivity can be greatly reduced. Such a device is small in size, robust in structure, and convenient in operation, and has potential in photonic applications. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/LPT.2022.3202923 |
| format | Article |
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W. ; Xia, Q. K. ; Wang, D. N.</creator><creatorcontrib>Gao, J. W. ; Xia, Q. K. ; Wang, D. N.</creatorcontrib><description>Optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer for strain and refractive index sensing is proposed based on a pair of multi-column diffraction gratings. In the device operation, part of the light traveling in the fiber core diffracted to the cladding region through the first set of multi-column diffraction gratings, and directed back into the fiber core by the second set of multi-column diffraction gratings after being reflected at the cladding-air interface. The rest of the light remains traveling along the core, and the two parts of light recombine and produce interference. Thus, the multi-column diffraction gratings pair essentially forms an optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The transmission spectra of different free spectral ranges can be obtained by controlling the separation of two set of multi-column diffraction gratings. The sensitivities achieved for strain and refractive index are ~−1.43 pm /<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \varepsilon </tex-math></inline-formula> and 363.41 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), respectively. As the device has a low temperature sensitivity 8.03 pm/°C, the temperature cross sensitivity can be greatly reduced. Such a device is small in size, robust in structure, and convenient in operation, and has potential in photonic applications.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1041-1135</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1941-0174</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/LPT.2022.3202923</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IPTLEL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Cladding ; Diffraction ; Diffraction gratings ; fiber diffraction grating ; Fiber gratings ; Gratings (spectra) ; Low temperature ; Mach-Zehnder interferometer ; Mach-Zehnder interferometers ; Optical fiber sensors ; Optical fibers ; Refractivity ; Sensitivity ; Strain ; Temperature sensors</subject><ispartof>IEEE photonics technology letters, 2022-10, Vol.34 (20), p.1096-1099</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2022</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-1add7c341c75e3aab765b47d8a6812ef9fe0fddbf850f04d1d10f9db57e567213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-1add7c341c75e3aab765b47d8a6812ef9fe0fddbf850f04d1d10f9db57e567213</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6313-0433 ; 0000-0002-7748-4272</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9869865$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9869865$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gao, J. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Q. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, D. N.</creatorcontrib><title>Fiber In-Line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on a Pair of Optical Fiber Diffraction Gratings</title><title>IEEE photonics technology letters</title><addtitle>LPT</addtitle><description>Optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer for strain and refractive index sensing is proposed based on a pair of multi-column diffraction gratings. In the device operation, part of the light traveling in the fiber core diffracted to the cladding region through the first set of multi-column diffraction gratings, and directed back into the fiber core by the second set of multi-column diffraction gratings after being reflected at the cladding-air interface. The rest of the light remains traveling along the core, and the two parts of light recombine and produce interference. Thus, the multi-column diffraction gratings pair essentially forms an optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The transmission spectra of different free spectral ranges can be obtained by controlling the separation of two set of multi-column diffraction gratings. The sensitivities achieved for strain and refractive index are ~−1.43 pm /<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \varepsilon </tex-math></inline-formula> and 363.41 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), respectively. As the device has a low temperature sensitivity 8.03 pm/°C, the temperature cross sensitivity can be greatly reduced. Such a device is small in size, robust in structure, and convenient in operation, and has potential in photonic applications.</description><subject>Cladding</subject><subject>Diffraction</subject><subject>Diffraction gratings</subject><subject>fiber diffraction grating</subject><subject>Fiber gratings</subject><subject>Gratings (spectra)</subject><subject>Low temperature</subject><subject>Mach-Zehnder interferometer</subject><subject>Mach-Zehnder interferometers</subject><subject>Optical fiber sensors</subject><subject>Optical fibers</subject><subject>Refractivity</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Strain</subject><subject>Temperature sensors</subject><issn>1041-1135</issn><issn>1941-0174</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kM1PwzAMxSsEEmNwR-ISiXNHnDRNe-RrY1LRdhgXLlHaOCzT1o6kO_Dfk9EJybKfrOdn6Zckt0AnALR8qJarCaOMTXjsJeNnyQjKDFIKMjuPmkYNwMVlchXChlLIBM9GiZq6Gj2Zt2nlWiTvulmnn7huzd-yR2_RdzuMgjzpgIZ0LdFkqZ0nnSWLfe8avSVDyIuz1uumd9Ez87p37Ve4Ti6s3ga8Oc1x8jF9XT2_pdViNn9-rNKGldCnoI2RDc-gkQK51rXMRZ1JU-i8AIa2tEitMbUtBLU0M2CA2tLUQqLIJQM-Tu6H3L3vvg8YerXpDr6NLxWTwKgQEUR00cHV-C4Ej1btvdtp_6OAqiNGFTGqI0Z1whhP7oYTh4j_9rLIYwn-C4CfbaM</recordid><startdate>20221015</startdate><enddate>20221015</enddate><creator>Gao, J. W.</creator><creator>Xia, Q. K.</creator><creator>Wang, D. N.</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6313-0433</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7748-4272</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221015</creationdate><title>Fiber In-Line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on a Pair of Optical Fiber Diffraction Gratings</title><author>Gao, J. W. ; Xia, Q. K. ; Wang, D. N.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c291t-1add7c341c75e3aab765b47d8a6812ef9fe0fddbf850f04d1d10f9db57e567213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Cladding</topic><topic>Diffraction</topic><topic>Diffraction gratings</topic><topic>fiber diffraction grating</topic><topic>Fiber gratings</topic><topic>Gratings (spectra)</topic><topic>Low temperature</topic><topic>Mach-Zehnder interferometer</topic><topic>Mach-Zehnder interferometers</topic><topic>Optical fiber sensors</topic><topic>Optical fibers</topic><topic>Refractivity</topic><topic>Sensitivity</topic><topic>Strain</topic><topic>Temperature sensors</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gao, J. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xia, Q. K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, D. N.</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE photonics technology letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gao, J. W.</au><au>Xia, Q. K.</au><au>Wang, D. N.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fiber In-Line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on a Pair of Optical Fiber Diffraction Gratings</atitle><jtitle>IEEE photonics technology letters</jtitle><stitle>LPT</stitle><date>2022-10-15</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>20</issue><spage>1096</spage><epage>1099</epage><pages>1096-1099</pages><issn>1041-1135</issn><eissn>1941-0174</eissn><coden>IPTLEL</coden><abstract>Optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer for strain and refractive index sensing is proposed based on a pair of multi-column diffraction gratings. In the device operation, part of the light traveling in the fiber core diffracted to the cladding region through the first set of multi-column diffraction gratings, and directed back into the fiber core by the second set of multi-column diffraction gratings after being reflected at the cladding-air interface. The rest of the light remains traveling along the core, and the two parts of light recombine and produce interference. Thus, the multi-column diffraction gratings pair essentially forms an optical fiber in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The transmission spectra of different free spectral ranges can be obtained by controlling the separation of two set of multi-column diffraction gratings. The sensitivities achieved for strain and refractive index are ~−1.43 pm /<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \varepsilon </tex-math></inline-formula> and 363.41 nm/RIU (refractive index unit), respectively. As the device has a low temperature sensitivity 8.03 pm/°C, the temperature cross sensitivity can be greatly reduced. Such a device is small in size, robust in structure, and convenient in operation, and has potential in photonic applications.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/LPT.2022.3202923</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6313-0433</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7748-4272</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Cladding Diffraction Diffraction gratings fiber diffraction grating Fiber gratings Gratings (spectra) Low temperature Mach-Zehnder interferometer Mach-Zehnder interferometers Optical fiber sensors Optical fibers Refractivity Sensitivity Strain Temperature sensors |
| title | Fiber In-Line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based on a Pair of Optical Fiber Diffraction Gratings |
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