Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Freeze-Dried Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Berry Oil Using Response Surface Methodology
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil has received immense importance nowadays because of the enormous benefits the process offers. However, the literature evaluating this process is scarce for sea buckthorn oil. Furthermore, to date, to the best of our knowledge, a study evaluating the co...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sustainability 2022-08, Vol.14 (17), p.10849 |
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| creator | Kumar T., Ashrith Pareek, Sunil Kaur, Ramanpreet Sagar, Narashans Alok Singh, Lochan Sami, Rokayya Aljuraide, N. I Elhakem, Abeer Alsharari, Zayed D Alruwais, Raja Saad Aljabri, Mahmood D Rahman, Mohammed M |
| description | The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil has received immense importance nowadays because of the enormous benefits the process offers. However, the literature evaluating this process is scarce for sea buckthorn oil. Furthermore, to date, to the best of our knowledge, a study evaluating the combined use of enzymes and UAE for this oil is lacking. In this study, oil from freeze-dried sea buckthorn berries was extracted using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) and the effect of variables (time, enzyme concentration, and solvent to sample ratio) was evaluated on oil yield and its physiochemical properties (acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, density, and color). The optimum conditions were determined using the response surface methodology. The optimum conditions established were 5.08 mL/g, 14.65 min, and 3.13 U/g for a solvent to sample ratio, ultra-sonication time, and enzyme units, respectively. The oil yield was 18.32%. Physicochemical parameters were found better in UAEE oil than in the Soxhlet-extracted oil. Gas chromatography detected relatively higher levels of fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids in UAEE oil. The optimum conditions were also verified for adequacy by validation and results were matched with predicted values with 0.8 to 1.5 error %, which states that the model can be utilized to predict oil yield percentage. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/su141710849 |
| format | Article |
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Berry Oil Using Response Surface Methodology</title><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><creator>Kumar T., Ashrith ; Pareek, Sunil ; Kaur, Ramanpreet ; Sagar, Narashans Alok ; Singh, Lochan ; Sami, Rokayya ; Aljuraide, N. I ; Elhakem, Abeer ; Alsharari, Zayed D ; Alruwais, Raja Saad ; Aljabri, Mahmood D ; Rahman, Mohammed M</creator><creatorcontrib>Kumar T., Ashrith ; Pareek, Sunil ; Kaur, Ramanpreet ; Sagar, Narashans Alok ; Singh, Lochan ; Sami, Rokayya ; Aljuraide, N. I ; Elhakem, Abeer ; Alsharari, Zayed D ; Alruwais, Raja Saad ; Aljabri, Mahmood D ; Rahman, Mohammed M</creatorcontrib><description>The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil has received immense importance nowadays because of the enormous benefits the process offers. However, the literature evaluating this process is scarce for sea buckthorn oil. Furthermore, to date, to the best of our knowledge, a study evaluating the combined use of enzymes and UAE for this oil is lacking. In this study, oil from freeze-dried sea buckthorn berries was extracted using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) and the effect of variables (time, enzyme concentration, and solvent to sample ratio) was evaluated on oil yield and its physiochemical properties (acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, density, and color). The optimum conditions were determined using the response surface methodology. The optimum conditions established were 5.08 mL/g, 14.65 min, and 3.13 U/g for a solvent to sample ratio, ultra-sonication time, and enzyme units, respectively. The oil yield was 18.32%. Physicochemical parameters were found better in UAEE oil than in the Soxhlet-extracted oil. Gas chromatography detected relatively higher levels of fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids in UAEE oil. The optimum conditions were also verified for adequacy by validation and results were matched with predicted values with 0.8 to 1.5 error %, which states that the model can be utilized to predict oil yield percentage.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/su141710849</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Analysis ; Berries ; Buckthorn ; Chemical properties ; Density ; Enzymes ; Essences and essential oils ; Extraction (Chemistry) ; Fatty acids ; Freeze drying ; Gas chromatography ; Iodine ; Mathematical optimization ; Methods ; Oil ; Optimization ; Petroleum mining ; Phenolphthalein ; Physiochemistry ; Potassium ; Response surface methodology ; Seeds ; Solvent extraction processes ; Solvents ; Sonication ; Ultrasonic imaging ; Ultrasonic testing ; Ultrasonic waves ; Ultrasound ; Variables</subject><ispartof>Sustainability, 2022-08, Vol.14 (17), p.10849</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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In this study, oil from freeze-dried sea buckthorn berries was extracted using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) and the effect of variables (time, enzyme concentration, and solvent to sample ratio) was evaluated on oil yield and its physiochemical properties (acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, density, and color). The optimum conditions were determined using the response surface methodology. The optimum conditions established were 5.08 mL/g, 14.65 min, and 3.13 U/g for a solvent to sample ratio, ultra-sonication time, and enzyme units, respectively. The oil yield was 18.32%. Physicochemical parameters were found better in UAEE oil than in the Soxhlet-extracted oil. Gas chromatography detected relatively higher levels of fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids in UAEE oil. The optimum conditions were also verified for adequacy by validation and results were matched with predicted values with 0.8 to 1.5 error %, which states that the model can be utilized to predict oil yield percentage.</description><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Berries</subject><subject>Buckthorn</subject><subject>Chemical properties</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Essences and essential oils</subject><subject>Extraction (Chemistry)</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Freeze drying</subject><subject>Gas chromatography</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Mathematical optimization</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Oil</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Petroleum mining</subject><subject>Phenolphthalein</subject><subject>Physiochemistry</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Response surface methodology</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>Solvent extraction processes</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Sonication</subject><subject>Ultrasonic imaging</subject><subject>Ultrasonic testing</subject><subject>Ultrasonic waves</subject><subject>Ultrasound</subject><subject>Variables</subject><issn>2071-1050</issn><issn>2071-1050</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpt0lFrHCEQAOCltNCQ5Kl_QOhLQ9mrrru6Pl7SSxO4cpDrPYtxxzvTXd2qC7n7L_2vNSSlOajzoIzfjCBTFB8InlEq8Jc4kZpwgttavClOKsxJSXCD3746vy_OY3zAeVFKBGEnxe_VmOxgDypZ75A3aNOnoKJ3VpfzGG1M0KGFO-yHLDRaPOZb_ddeB4ADlF-DzWgNCl1O-mfa-eDQpxs7jn7cKUBhpwbnbQcRLWcX6BJC2KOV7dEmWrdFdxBH7yKg9RSM0oC-Q27R-d5v92fFO6P6COcv-2mxuV78uLopl6tvt1fzZampEKkkhLfMNBU1qlEVN9AYzqABRmmrjRBatwAcsBZUsNYwTOC-Yaq5Z9RUHeX0tPj43HcM_tcEMckHPwWXn5QVJ6Sp6pqyf2qrepDWGf_0GYONWs55zUTTCt5mNfuPytHBYLV3YGzOHxVcHBVkk-AxbdUUo7xd3x3bz89WBx9jACPHYAcV9pJg-TQF8tUU0D8UrqRj</recordid><startdate>20220801</startdate><enddate>20220801</enddate><creator>Kumar T., Ashrith</creator><creator>Pareek, Sunil</creator><creator>Kaur, Ramanpreet</creator><creator>Sagar, Narashans Alok</creator><creator>Singh, Lochan</creator><creator>Sami, Rokayya</creator><creator>Aljuraide, N. 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In this study, oil from freeze-dried sea buckthorn berries was extracted using ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) and the effect of variables (time, enzyme concentration, and solvent to sample ratio) was evaluated on oil yield and its physiochemical properties (acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, density, and color). The optimum conditions were determined using the response surface methodology. The optimum conditions established were 5.08 mL/g, 14.65 min, and 3.13 U/g for a solvent to sample ratio, ultra-sonication time, and enzyme units, respectively. The oil yield was 18.32%. Physicochemical parameters were found better in UAEE oil than in the Soxhlet-extracted oil. Gas chromatography detected relatively higher levels of fatty acids, including palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids in UAEE oil. The optimum conditions were also verified for adequacy by validation and results were matched with predicted values with 0.8 to 1.5 error %, which states that the model can be utilized to predict oil yield percentage.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/su141710849</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3162-9453</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-6936</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9780-179X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1507-6118</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2773-1244</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7632-3330</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Analysis Berries Buckthorn Chemical properties Density Enzymes Essences and essential oils Extraction (Chemistry) Fatty acids Freeze drying Gas chromatography Iodine Mathematical optimization Methods Oil Optimization Petroleum mining Phenolphthalein Physiochemistry Potassium Response surface methodology Seeds Solvent extraction processes Solvents Sonication Ultrasonic imaging Ultrasonic testing Ultrasonic waves Ultrasound Variables |
| title | Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Freeze-Dried Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Berry Oil Using Response Surface Methodology |
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