Managing, now becoming, refugees: Climate change and extractivism in the Republic of Nauru
The Republic of Nauru, the world's smallest island state, was almost entirely economically dependent on the phosphate industry in the twentieth century as part of a colonial extractive arrangement. After the wealth Nauru derived was depleted by the 1990s, the by then sovereign state resurged on...
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description | The Republic of Nauru, the world's smallest island state, was almost entirely economically dependent on the phosphate industry in the twentieth century as part of a colonial extractive arrangement. After the wealth Nauru derived was depleted by the 1990s, the by then sovereign state resurged on the back of the refugee industry, agreeing to process and resettle Australia's maritime asylum‐seeker populations. In this article, I explore how forms of refugee extractivism factor into Nauruans’ ontological experiences of climate change. While Nauruans are imbricated in managing refugees—with an extensive program of financialization and institutionalization in place—environmental changes are heightening the prospect of islanders becoming refugees. I argue that Nauruans’ understandings of refugeehood are entangled in the operations of a local industry in refugees but also humanitarian philanthropic portrayals. In Australian activist campaigns, Nauruans are distanced from refugees through representations of savagery and underdevelopment. These discourses intersect with how islanders see and experience refugeehood, while also revealing the fetishizing logics employed by refugee rights campaigners.
Resumen
La República de Nauru, el estado isla más pequeño del mundo, fue casi totalmente dependiente en términos económicos de la industria del fosfato en el siglo veinte como parte del arreglo extractivo colonial. Después de que la riqueza Nauru derivada se agotó hacia los 1990s, el para entonces estado soberano resurgió sobre las espaldas de la industria de los refugiados, al concordar en procesar y reasentar a las poblaciones solicitantes de asilo en la Australia marítima. En este artículo, exploro cómo las formas de extractivismo de refugiados influyen en las experiencias ontológicas nauruanas de cambio climático. Mientras los nauruanos están imbricados en el manejo de refugiados –con un programa extensivo de financiación e institucionalización en orden– los cambios ambientales están intensificando la prospección de los isleños de convertirse en refugiados. Argumento que los entendimientos de los nauruanos sobre la condición de refugiados están entrelazados con las operaciones de una industria local en refugiados, así como con las representaciones filantrópicas humanitarias. En campañas activistas australianas, los nauruanos son distanciados de los refugiados a través de representaciones de salvajismo y subdesarrollo. Estos discursos intersectan con cómo los isleños ve |
doi_str_mv | 10.1111/aman.13764 |
format | Article |
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Resumen
La República de Nauru, el estado isla más pequeño del mundo, fue casi totalmente dependiente en términos económicos de la industria del fosfato en el siglo veinte como parte del arreglo extractivo colonial. Después de que la riqueza Nauru derivada se agotó hacia los 1990s, el para entonces estado soberano resurgió sobre las espaldas de la industria de los refugiados, al concordar en procesar y reasentar a las poblaciones solicitantes de asilo en la Australia marítima. En este artículo, exploro cómo las formas de extractivismo de refugiados influyen en las experiencias ontológicas nauruanas de cambio climático. Mientras los nauruanos están imbricados en el manejo de refugiados –con un programa extensivo de financiación e institucionalización en orden– los cambios ambientales están intensificando la prospección de los isleños de convertirse en refugiados. Argumento que los entendimientos de los nauruanos sobre la condición de refugiados están entrelazados con las operaciones de una industria local en refugiados, así como con las representaciones filantrópicas humanitarias. En campañas activistas australianas, los nauruanos son distanciados de los refugiados a través de representaciones de salvajismo y subdesarrollo. Estos discursos intersectan con cómo los isleños ven y experimentan la condición de refugiados, mientras también revelan y fetichizan lógicas empleadas por los activistas de los derechos de los refugiados. [cambio climático, extracción, migración ambiental, refugiados, Nauru]</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-7294</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1548-1433</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/aman.13764</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>20th century ; Activism ; Climate change ; Colonialism ; Discourses ; environmental migration ; extraction ; Humanitarianism ; Institutionalization ; Nauru ; Philanthropy ; Political asylum ; Refugees ; Relocation ; State ; Wealth</subject><ispartof>American anthropologist, 2022-09, Vol.124 (3), p.560-574</ispartof><rights>2022 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Anthropological Association.</rights><rights>2022. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3374-205d7daded5ae22a34fe28d551fddaafef1a951f3cce0ee0a6b89f5940d34c73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3374-205d7daded5ae22a34fe28d551fddaafef1a951f3cce0ee0a6b89f5940d34c73</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Faman.13764$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Faman.13764$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27923,27924,33773,45573,45574,46408,46832</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Morris, Julia</creatorcontrib><title>Managing, now becoming, refugees: Climate change and extractivism in the Republic of Nauru</title><title>American anthropologist</title><description>The Republic of Nauru, the world's smallest island state, was almost entirely economically dependent on the phosphate industry in the twentieth century as part of a colonial extractive arrangement. After the wealth Nauru derived was depleted by the 1990s, the by then sovereign state resurged on the back of the refugee industry, agreeing to process and resettle Australia's maritime asylum‐seeker populations. In this article, I explore how forms of refugee extractivism factor into Nauruans’ ontological experiences of climate change. While Nauruans are imbricated in managing refugees—with an extensive program of financialization and institutionalization in place—environmental changes are heightening the prospect of islanders becoming refugees. I argue that Nauruans’ understandings of refugeehood are entangled in the operations of a local industry in refugees but also humanitarian philanthropic portrayals. In Australian activist campaigns, Nauruans are distanced from refugees through representations of savagery and underdevelopment. These discourses intersect with how islanders see and experience refugeehood, while also revealing the fetishizing logics employed by refugee rights campaigners.
Resumen
La República de Nauru, el estado isla más pequeño del mundo, fue casi totalmente dependiente en términos económicos de la industria del fosfato en el siglo veinte como parte del arreglo extractivo colonial. Después de que la riqueza Nauru derivada se agotó hacia los 1990s, el para entonces estado soberano resurgió sobre las espaldas de la industria de los refugiados, al concordar en procesar y reasentar a las poblaciones solicitantes de asilo en la Australia marítima. En este artículo, exploro cómo las formas de extractivismo de refugiados influyen en las experiencias ontológicas nauruanas de cambio climático. Mientras los nauruanos están imbricados en el manejo de refugiados –con un programa extensivo de financiación e institucionalización en orden– los cambios ambientales están intensificando la prospección de los isleños de convertirse en refugiados. Argumento que los entendimientos de los nauruanos sobre la condición de refugiados están entrelazados con las operaciones de una industria local en refugiados, así como con las representaciones filantrópicas humanitarias. En campañas activistas australianas, los nauruanos son distanciados de los refugiados a través de representaciones de salvajismo y subdesarrollo. Estos discursos intersectan con cómo los isleños ven y experimentan la condición de refugiados, mientras también revelan y fetichizan lógicas empleadas por los activistas de los derechos de los refugiados. [cambio climático, extracción, migración ambiental, refugiados, Nauru]</description><subject>20th century</subject><subject>Activism</subject><subject>Climate change</subject><subject>Colonialism</subject><subject>Discourses</subject><subject>environmental migration</subject><subject>extraction</subject><subject>Humanitarianism</subject><subject>Institutionalization</subject><subject>Nauru</subject><subject>Philanthropy</subject><subject>Political asylum</subject><subject>Refugees</subject><subject>Relocation</subject><subject>State</subject><subject>Wealth</subject><issn>0002-7294</issn><issn>1548-1433</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM1Lw0AQxRdRsFYv_gUL3sTU_UrSeCvFL2grSE9ewnR3kqYkm7qbWPvfu7Wencvw4PdmeI-Qa85GPMw9NGBHXKaJOiEDHqtxxJWUp2TAGBNRKjJ1Ti683wSZJjIekI85WCgrW95R2-7oCnXb_CqHRV8i-gc6rasGOqR6DbZECtZQ_O4c6K76qnxDK0u7NdJ33ParutK0LegCetdfkrMCao9Xf3tIlk-Py-lLNHt7fp1OZpGWMlWRYLFJDRg0MaAQIFWBYmzimBfGABRYcMiCkFojQ2SQrMZZEWeKGal0Kofk5nh269rPHn2Xb9re2fAxFykTiiWZSgJ1e6S0a70P4fKtC7HcPucsP1SXH6rLf6sLMD_Cu6rG_T9kPplPFkfPD9w-ccQ</recordid><startdate>202209</startdate><enddate>202209</enddate><creator>Morris, Julia</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>WZK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202209</creationdate><title>Managing, now becoming, refugees: Climate change and extractivism in the Republic of Nauru</title><author>Morris, Julia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3374-205d7daded5ae22a34fe28d551fddaafef1a951f3cce0ee0a6b89f5940d34c73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>20th century</topic><topic>Activism</topic><topic>Climate change</topic><topic>Colonialism</topic><topic>Discourses</topic><topic>environmental migration</topic><topic>extraction</topic><topic>Humanitarianism</topic><topic>Institutionalization</topic><topic>Nauru</topic><topic>Philanthropy</topic><topic>Political asylum</topic><topic>Refugees</topic><topic>Relocation</topic><topic>State</topic><topic>Wealth</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Morris, Julia</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Wiley Free Content</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><jtitle>American anthropologist</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Morris, Julia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Managing, now becoming, refugees: Climate change and extractivism in the Republic of Nauru</atitle><jtitle>American anthropologist</jtitle><date>2022-09</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>124</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>560</spage><epage>574</epage><pages>560-574</pages><issn>0002-7294</issn><eissn>1548-1433</eissn><abstract>The Republic of Nauru, the world's smallest island state, was almost entirely economically dependent on the phosphate industry in the twentieth century as part of a colonial extractive arrangement. After the wealth Nauru derived was depleted by the 1990s, the by then sovereign state resurged on the back of the refugee industry, agreeing to process and resettle Australia's maritime asylum‐seeker populations. In this article, I explore how forms of refugee extractivism factor into Nauruans’ ontological experiences of climate change. While Nauruans are imbricated in managing refugees—with an extensive program of financialization and institutionalization in place—environmental changes are heightening the prospect of islanders becoming refugees. I argue that Nauruans’ understandings of refugeehood are entangled in the operations of a local industry in refugees but also humanitarian philanthropic portrayals. In Australian activist campaigns, Nauruans are distanced from refugees through representations of savagery and underdevelopment. These discourses intersect with how islanders see and experience refugeehood, while also revealing the fetishizing logics employed by refugee rights campaigners.
Resumen
La República de Nauru, el estado isla más pequeño del mundo, fue casi totalmente dependiente en términos económicos de la industria del fosfato en el siglo veinte como parte del arreglo extractivo colonial. Después de que la riqueza Nauru derivada se agotó hacia los 1990s, el para entonces estado soberano resurgió sobre las espaldas de la industria de los refugiados, al concordar en procesar y reasentar a las poblaciones solicitantes de asilo en la Australia marítima. En este artículo, exploro cómo las formas de extractivismo de refugiados influyen en las experiencias ontológicas nauruanas de cambio climático. Mientras los nauruanos están imbricados en el manejo de refugiados –con un programa extensivo de financiación e institucionalización en orden– los cambios ambientales están intensificando la prospección de los isleños de convertirse en refugiados. Argumento que los entendimientos de los nauruanos sobre la condición de refugiados están entrelazados con las operaciones de una industria local en refugiados, así como con las representaciones filantrópicas humanitarias. En campañas activistas australianas, los nauruanos son distanciados de los refugiados a través de representaciones de salvajismo y subdesarrollo. Estos discursos intersectan con cómo los isleños ven y experimentan la condición de refugiados, mientras también revelan y fetichizan lógicas empleadas por los activistas de los derechos de los refugiados. [cambio climático, extracción, migración ambiental, refugiados, Nauru]</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1111/aman.13764</doi><tpages>15</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | 20th century Activism Climate change Colonialism Discourses environmental migration extraction Humanitarianism Institutionalization Nauru Philanthropy Political asylum Refugees Relocation State Wealth |
title | Managing, now becoming, refugees: Climate change and extractivism in the Republic of Nauru |
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