Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na+/K+-ATPase Activity
The contamination of the aquatic ecosystem beyond tolerable limits may pose serious health challenges to its components. This study evaluated the toxic effects of a binary mixture of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) compounds on the activity of Na + /K + -ATPase in tissues of Clarias gariepinus in a controll...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Biological trace element research 2022-09, Vol.200 (9), p.4160-4170 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 4170 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 9 |
| container_start_page | 4160 |
| container_title | Biological trace element research |
| container_volume | 200 |
| creator | Apiamu, Augustine Osawaru, Sophia U. Asagba, Samuel O. Evuen, Uduenevwo F. Achuba, Fidelis I. |
| description | The contamination of the aquatic ecosystem beyond tolerable limits may pose serious health challenges to its components. This study evaluated the toxic effects of a binary mixture of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) compounds on the activity of Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase in tissues of
Clarias gariepinus
in a controlled aquatic system. The study employed Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with 17 runs in which Pb and Zn concentrations were considered process variables in a time-dependent fashion. Metal exposure levels consisted of 0, 10 and 20% of 96 h-LC
50
of Pb (55.12 mg/L) and Zn (32.15 mg/L) for three weeks. Thereafter, membrane-bound Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was assessed in gill, hepatic and renal tissues, and data generated from the BBD were used for the development of models. Three regression models were obtained, for gill, hepatic and renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with exposure to metals differ significantly (
p
90%, and no significant lack of fit (
p
> 0.05) was observed in each case. Congruent to the synergistic interactions observed between Pb and Zn in the study, the gill and hepatic Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities were significantly inhibited, whereas renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was significantly stimulated (
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_2701336341</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2701336341</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-4492be820b84b61e1ada130b95120119f162e97f36c190d9264ff056a8b93253</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc9O3DAQxq2qlbqlvEBPI3GhQi5jO3_W3MJq26IusIc99WI5iQ1GwU5tB8Gr8LQEtlJvPYy-keabb6T5EfKF4TeGWJ8mxpExinwugVjS8h1ZsLKUFGuO78kCWSVoIZfFR_IppTtEVnMpFuR5_TiGNEUDwUJjo-u0h5XO1qVbOF4NOjqd4GYWMzo_pa-QA2yM7kH7Hn4738Fl6KdBZ5Pg0ty3UXtDz8M0T3dzn8YQM2xjyMb5M2hgO-gpuXYwsLbWdBmChyt9cvrrhDa7rU4Gmi67B5efPpMPVg_JHP7VA7L7vt6tftLN9Y-LVbOhnSh5pkUheWuWHNtl0VbMMN1rJrCV5dtPpGUVN7K2ouqYxF7yqrAWy0ovWyl4KQ7I0T52jOHPZFJWd2GKfr6oeI1MiEoUbHbxvauLIaVorBqju9fxSTFUrwjUHoGaEag3BOo1WuyX0mz2Nyb-i_7P1gtRAof5</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2701336341</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na+/K+-ATPase Activity</title><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Apiamu, Augustine ; Osawaru, Sophia U. ; Asagba, Samuel O. ; Evuen, Uduenevwo F. ; Achuba, Fidelis I.</creator><creatorcontrib>Apiamu, Augustine ; Osawaru, Sophia U. ; Asagba, Samuel O. ; Evuen, Uduenevwo F. ; Achuba, Fidelis I.</creatorcontrib><description>The contamination of the aquatic ecosystem beyond tolerable limits may pose serious health challenges to its components. This study evaluated the toxic effects of a binary mixture of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) compounds on the activity of Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase in tissues of
Clarias gariepinus
in a controlled aquatic system. The study employed Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with 17 runs in which Pb and Zn concentrations were considered process variables in a time-dependent fashion. Metal exposure levels consisted of 0, 10 and 20% of 96 h-LC
50
of Pb (55.12 mg/L) and Zn (32.15 mg/L) for three weeks. Thereafter, membrane-bound Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was assessed in gill, hepatic and renal tissues, and data generated from the BBD were used for the development of models. Three regression models were obtained, for gill, hepatic and renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with exposure to metals differ significantly (
p
< 0.05) at
R
2
> 90%, and no significant lack of fit (
p
> 0.05) was observed in each case. Congruent to the synergistic interactions observed between Pb and Zn in the study, the gill and hepatic Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities were significantly inhibited, whereas renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was significantly stimulated (
p
< 0.05). The optimized models were considered reliable, as they were confirmed in the laboratory through accurate prediction of hepatic, renal and gill Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with equivalences of 1.22 ± 0.17, 1.66 ± 0.07 and 3.50 ± 0.33 µmol p
i
/min/mg protein (
p
< 0.05) respectively. It is hereby concluded that the synergistic interaction between Pb and Zn truncated the physiological function of Na
+/
K
+
-ATPase activity in the respective tissues except for renal tissue of exposed
C. gariepinus
.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0163-4984</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1559-0720</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Aquatic ecosystems ; Aquatic environment ; Binary mixtures ; Bioaccumulation ; Biochemistry ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biotechnology ; Catfish ; Clarias gariepinus ; Contamination ; Dependent variables ; Enzymes ; Exposure ; Fish ; Heavy metals ; Kidneys ; Lead ; Life Sciences ; Liver ; Membrane proteins ; Membranes ; Metabolism ; Metals ; Mortality causes ; Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase ; Nutrition ; Oncology ; Oxidative stress ; Physiological functions ; Physiology ; Pollutants ; Process variables ; Protein transport ; Proteins ; Regression analysis ; Regression models ; Signal transduction ; Tissue ; Toxicity ; Toxicity tests ; Zinc ; Zinc compounds</subject><ispartof>Biological trace element research, 2022-09, Vol.200 (9), p.4160-4170</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-4492be820b84b61e1ada130b95120119f162e97f36c190d9264ff056a8b93253</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-4492be820b84b61e1ada130b95120119f162e97f36c190d9264ff056a8b93253</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5841-0027</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Apiamu, Augustine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osawaru, Sophia U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asagba, Samuel O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evuen, Uduenevwo F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Achuba, Fidelis I.</creatorcontrib><title>Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na+/K+-ATPase Activity</title><title>Biological trace element research</title><addtitle>Biol Trace Elem Res</addtitle><description>The contamination of the aquatic ecosystem beyond tolerable limits may pose serious health challenges to its components. This study evaluated the toxic effects of a binary mixture of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) compounds on the activity of Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase in tissues of
Clarias gariepinus
in a controlled aquatic system. The study employed Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with 17 runs in which Pb and Zn concentrations were considered process variables in a time-dependent fashion. Metal exposure levels consisted of 0, 10 and 20% of 96 h-LC
50
of Pb (55.12 mg/L) and Zn (32.15 mg/L) for three weeks. Thereafter, membrane-bound Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was assessed in gill, hepatic and renal tissues, and data generated from the BBD were used for the development of models. Three regression models were obtained, for gill, hepatic and renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with exposure to metals differ significantly (
p
< 0.05) at
R
2
> 90%, and no significant lack of fit (
p
> 0.05) was observed in each case. Congruent to the synergistic interactions observed between Pb and Zn in the study, the gill and hepatic Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities were significantly inhibited, whereas renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was significantly stimulated (
p
< 0.05). The optimized models were considered reliable, as they were confirmed in the laboratory through accurate prediction of hepatic, renal and gill Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with equivalences of 1.22 ± 0.17, 1.66 ± 0.07 and 3.50 ± 0.33 µmol p
i
/min/mg protein (
p
< 0.05) respectively. It is hereby concluded that the synergistic interaction between Pb and Zn truncated the physiological function of Na
+/
K
+
-ATPase activity in the respective tissues except for renal tissue of exposed
C. gariepinus
.</description><subject>Aquatic ecosystems</subject><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Binary mixtures</subject><subject>Bioaccumulation</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biotechnology</subject><subject>Catfish</subject><subject>Clarias gariepinus</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Dependent variables</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Exposure</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Lead</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Membrane proteins</subject><subject>Membranes</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Mortality causes</subject><subject>Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Oxidative stress</subject><subject>Physiological functions</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Pollutants</subject><subject>Process variables</subject><subject>Protein transport</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Regression models</subject><subject>Signal transduction</subject><subject>Tissue</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Toxicity tests</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><subject>Zinc compounds</subject><issn>0163-4984</issn><issn>1559-0720</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc9O3DAQxq2qlbqlvEBPI3GhQi5jO3_W3MJq26IusIc99WI5iQ1GwU5tB8Gr8LQEtlJvPYy-keabb6T5EfKF4TeGWJ8mxpExinwugVjS8h1ZsLKUFGuO78kCWSVoIZfFR_IppTtEVnMpFuR5_TiGNEUDwUJjo-u0h5XO1qVbOF4NOjqd4GYWMzo_pa-QA2yM7kH7Hn4738Fl6KdBZ5Pg0ty3UXtDz8M0T3dzn8YQM2xjyMb5M2hgO-gpuXYwsLbWdBmChyt9cvrrhDa7rU4Gmi67B5efPpMPVg_JHP7VA7L7vt6tftLN9Y-LVbOhnSh5pkUheWuWHNtl0VbMMN1rJrCV5dtPpGUVN7K2ouqYxF7yqrAWy0ovWyl4KQ7I0T52jOHPZFJWd2GKfr6oeI1MiEoUbHbxvauLIaVorBqju9fxSTFUrwjUHoGaEag3BOo1WuyX0mz2Nyb-i_7P1gtRAof5</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Apiamu, Augustine</creator><creator>Osawaru, Sophia U.</creator><creator>Asagba, Samuel O.</creator><creator>Evuen, Uduenevwo F.</creator><creator>Achuba, Fidelis I.</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5841-0027</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na+/K+-ATPase Activity</title><author>Apiamu, Augustine ; Osawaru, Sophia U. ; Asagba, Samuel O. ; Evuen, Uduenevwo F. ; Achuba, Fidelis I.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c352t-4492be820b84b61e1ada130b95120119f162e97f36c190d9264ff056a8b93253</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Aquatic ecosystems</topic><topic>Aquatic environment</topic><topic>Binary mixtures</topic><topic>Bioaccumulation</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biotechnology</topic><topic>Catfish</topic><topic>Clarias gariepinus</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Dependent variables</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Exposure</topic><topic>Fish</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Kidneys</topic><topic>Lead</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Membrane proteins</topic><topic>Membranes</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Mortality causes</topic><topic>Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase</topic><topic>Nutrition</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Oxidative stress</topic><topic>Physiological functions</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Pollutants</topic><topic>Process variables</topic><topic>Protein transport</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Regression models</topic><topic>Signal transduction</topic><topic>Tissue</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Toxicity tests</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><topic>Zinc compounds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Apiamu, Augustine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Osawaru, Sophia U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asagba, Samuel O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Evuen, Uduenevwo F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Achuba, Fidelis I.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Biological trace element research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Apiamu, Augustine</au><au>Osawaru, Sophia U.</au><au>Asagba, Samuel O.</au><au>Evuen, Uduenevwo F.</au><au>Achuba, Fidelis I.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na+/K+-ATPase Activity</atitle><jtitle>Biological trace element research</jtitle><stitle>Biol Trace Elem Res</stitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>200</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>4160</spage><epage>4170</epage><pages>4160-4170</pages><issn>0163-4984</issn><eissn>1559-0720</eissn><abstract>The contamination of the aquatic ecosystem beyond tolerable limits may pose serious health challenges to its components. This study evaluated the toxic effects of a binary mixture of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) compounds on the activity of Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase in tissues of
Clarias gariepinus
in a controlled aquatic system. The study employed Box-Behnken Design (BBD) with 17 runs in which Pb and Zn concentrations were considered process variables in a time-dependent fashion. Metal exposure levels consisted of 0, 10 and 20% of 96 h-LC
50
of Pb (55.12 mg/L) and Zn (32.15 mg/L) for three weeks. Thereafter, membrane-bound Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was assessed in gill, hepatic and renal tissues, and data generated from the BBD were used for the development of models. Three regression models were obtained, for gill, hepatic and renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with exposure to metals differ significantly (
p
< 0.05) at
R
2
> 90%, and no significant lack of fit (
p
> 0.05) was observed in each case. Congruent to the synergistic interactions observed between Pb and Zn in the study, the gill and hepatic Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities were significantly inhibited, whereas renal Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activity was significantly stimulated (
p
< 0.05). The optimized models were considered reliable, as they were confirmed in the laboratory through accurate prediction of hepatic, renal and gill Na
+
/K
+
-ATPase activities with equivalences of 1.22 ± 0.17, 1.66 ± 0.07 and 3.50 ± 0.33 µmol p
i
/min/mg protein (
p
< 0.05) respectively. It is hereby concluded that the synergistic interaction between Pb and Zn truncated the physiological function of Na
+/
K
+
-ATPase activity in the respective tissues except for renal tissue of exposed
C. gariepinus
.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5841-0027</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0163-4984 |
| ispartof | Biological trace element research, 2022-09, Vol.200 (9), p.4160-4170 |
| issn | 0163-4984 1559-0720 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2701336341 |
| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Aquatic ecosystems Aquatic environment Binary mixtures Bioaccumulation Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Catfish Clarias gariepinus Contamination Dependent variables Enzymes Exposure Fish Heavy metals Kidneys Lead Life Sciences Liver Membrane proteins Membranes Metabolism Metals Mortality causes Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase Nutrition Oncology Oxidative stress Physiological functions Physiology Pollutants Process variables Protein transport Proteins Regression analysis Regression models Signal transduction Tissue Toxicity Toxicity tests Zinc Zinc compounds |
| title | Exposure of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to Lead and Zinc Modulates Membrane-Bound Transport Protein: A Plausible Effect on Na+/K+-ATPase Activity |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-27T16%3A58%3A39IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Exposure%20of%20African%20Catfish%20(Clarias%20gariepinus)%20to%20Lead%20and%20Zinc%20Modulates%20Membrane-Bound%20Transport%20Protein:%20A%20Plausible%20Effect%20on%20Na+/K+-ATPase%20Activity&rft.jtitle=Biological%20trace%20element%20research&rft.au=Apiamu,%20Augustine&rft.date=2022-09-01&rft.volume=200&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4160&rft.epage=4170&rft.pages=4160-4170&rft.issn=0163-4984&rft.eissn=1559-0720&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s12011-021-03005-5&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2701336341%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2701336341&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |