Childhood Adversity and Mental Health Status of Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study at the Universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Objective: To determine the frequency of childhood adversities among the university students of Islamabad and Rawalpindi and compare those adversities with their current mental health by measuring depression and anxiety. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Quaid-e-Azam...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pakistan Armed Forces medical journal 2022-06, Vol.72 (3), p.952-55 |
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| creator | Fazal, Ayesha Tanvir, Seemi Sikander, Siham Naseem, Ayesha Babar, Mariam |
| description | Objective: To determine the frequency of childhood adversities among the university students of Islamabad and Rawalpindi and compare those adversities with their current mental health by measuring depression and anxiety.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad and ARID Agricultural University, Rawalpindi Pakistan from May to Aug 2019.
Methodology: Survey data of 388 students between 19-25 years of age group was collected from 2 universities in the twin cities using a simple random sampling method for data collection in the form of questionnaires. First, frequencies of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) were determined, followed by a comparison of ACE with common mental disorders, i.e., depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and anxiety using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) using the chi-squared test.
Results: The frequency of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) was found to be highest among those students who had an ACE score of 1-3 (74.7%), followed by those with an ACE score of 4-6 (24.7%). Overall, females had more ACE (66.8%) than males (33.2%). Strong association of ACEs with depression (p-value |
| doi_str_mv | 10.51253/pafmj.v72i3.5277 |
| format | Article |
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Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad and ARID Agricultural University, Rawalpindi Pakistan from May to Aug 2019.
Methodology: Survey data of 388 students between 19-25 years of age group was collected from 2 universities in the twin cities using a simple random sampling method for data collection in the form of questionnaires. First, frequencies of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) were determined, followed by a comparison of ACE with common mental disorders, i.e., depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and anxiety using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) using the chi-squared test.
Results: The frequency of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) was found to be highest among those students who had an ACE score of 1-3 (74.7%), followed by those with an ACE score of 4-6 (24.7%). Overall, females had more ACE (66.8%) than males (33.2%). Strong association of ACEs with depression (p-value <0.05) and anxiety (p-value <0.005) was found.
Conclusion: Childhood adversity has adverse results not only on the affected individual's life but also on the people around that individual. For example, early life trauma in children of different age groups results in depression for a lifetime, anxiety disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, and lack of effective communication.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0030-9648</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2411-8842</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.51253/pafmj.v72i3.5277</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Rawalpindi: Knowledge Bylanes</publisher><subject>Adverse childhood experiences ; Age groups ; Anxiety ; Child psychopathology ; Childhood ; Colleges & universities ; Cronbach's alpha ; Cross-sectional studies ; Education ; Families & family life ; Gender ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Mental health ; Psychological aspects ; Questionnaires ; Siblings ; Sociodemographics ; Teenagers ; Young adults ; Youth</subject><ispartof>Pakistan Armed Forces medical journal, 2022-06, Vol.72 (3), p.952-55</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Knowledge Bylanes</rights><rights>(c)2022 Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,860,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fazal, Ayesha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanvir, Seemi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikander, Siham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naseem, Ayesha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babar, Mariam</creatorcontrib><title>Childhood Adversity and Mental Health Status of Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study at the Universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan</title><title>Pakistan Armed Forces medical journal</title><description>Objective: To determine the frequency of childhood adversities among the university students of Islamabad and Rawalpindi and compare those adversities with their current mental health by measuring depression and anxiety.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad and ARID Agricultural University, Rawalpindi Pakistan from May to Aug 2019.
Methodology: Survey data of 388 students between 19-25 years of age group was collected from 2 universities in the twin cities using a simple random sampling method for data collection in the form of questionnaires. First, frequencies of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) were determined, followed by a comparison of ACE with common mental disorders, i.e., depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and anxiety using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) using the chi-squared test.
Results: The frequency of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) was found to be highest among those students who had an ACE score of 1-3 (74.7%), followed by those with an ACE score of 4-6 (24.7%). Overall, females had more ACE (66.8%) than males (33.2%). Strong association of ACEs with depression (p-value <0.05) and anxiety (p-value <0.005) was found.
Conclusion: Childhood adversity has adverse results not only on the affected individual's life but also on the people around that individual. For example, early life trauma in children of different age groups results in depression for a lifetime, anxiety disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, and lack of effective communication.</description><subject>Adverse childhood experiences</subject><subject>Age groups</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Child psychopathology</subject><subject>Childhood</subject><subject>Colleges & universities</subject><subject>Cronbach's alpha</subject><subject>Cross-sectional studies</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Families & family life</subject><subject>Gender</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Siblings</subject><subject>Sociodemographics</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>Young adults</subject><subject>Youth</subject><issn>0030-9648</issn><issn>2411-8842</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNptkc9q3DAQxkVpoEuaB-hNkGu90V_L7m1Z2iaQktBNDj0JrTTKamNLW0tOyVPklet4C6XQmcOA-L5v0PwQ-kDJUlIm-cXB-H6_fFIs8KVkSr1BCyYorZpGsLdoQQgnVVuL5h06y3lPppKcCSIX6GW9C53bpeTwyj3BkEN5xiY6_A1iMR2-BNOVHd4UU8aMk8c_0hgfJu3YlfwJr_B6SDlXG7AlpDgZNmV0U0LBZQf4PoZjZoDZfJU705utcfOK7-aX6Q4huvAR35rHkIuJ79GJN12Gsz_zFN1_-Xy3vqyub75erVfXlWVElUpI1WxJC7yut95aUUtFDZOOWSWkcJI2FBrLvSMgqQXKa6voFtrWc-esAn6Kzo-5hyH9HCEXvU_jMH0ga1Y3LWE1E_Kv6sF0oEP0qQzG9iFbvVKkpYISqibV8j-qqR30waYIPkzv_xjo0WBfjzeA14ch9GZ41pTomaieieqZqH4lyn8DCeOVTw</recordid><startdate>20220630</startdate><enddate>20220630</enddate><creator>Fazal, Ayesha</creator><creator>Tanvir, Seemi</creator><creator>Sikander, Siham</creator><creator>Naseem, Ayesha</creator><creator>Babar, Mariam</creator><general>Knowledge Bylanes</general><general>AsiaNet Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220630</creationdate><title>Childhood Adversity and Mental Health Status of Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study at the Universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan</title><author>Fazal, Ayesha ; Tanvir, Seemi ; Sikander, Siham ; Naseem, Ayesha ; Babar, Mariam</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c207t-4578b09e366bfcc46571a25d2c7454d5181e8c3fd0e51ce136c71be99f3ddc7e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Adverse childhood experiences</topic><topic>Age groups</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Child psychopathology</topic><topic>Childhood</topic><topic>Colleges & universities</topic><topic>Cronbach's alpha</topic><topic>Cross-sectional studies</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Families & family life</topic><topic>Gender</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental disorders</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Siblings</topic><topic>Sociodemographics</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>Young adults</topic><topic>Youth</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fazal, Ayesha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanvir, Seemi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikander, Siham</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naseem, Ayesha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babar, Mariam</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Pakistan Armed Forces medical journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fazal, Ayesha</au><au>Tanvir, Seemi</au><au>Sikander, Siham</au><au>Naseem, Ayesha</au><au>Babar, Mariam</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Childhood Adversity and Mental Health Status of Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study at the Universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan</atitle><jtitle>Pakistan Armed Forces medical journal</jtitle><date>2022-06-30</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>952</spage><epage>55</epage><pages>952-55</pages><issn>0030-9648</issn><eissn>2411-8842</eissn><abstract>Objective: To determine the frequency of childhood adversities among the university students of Islamabad and Rawalpindi and compare those adversities with their current mental health by measuring depression and anxiety.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad and ARID Agricultural University, Rawalpindi Pakistan from May to Aug 2019.
Methodology: Survey data of 388 students between 19-25 years of age group was collected from 2 universities in the twin cities using a simple random sampling method for data collection in the form of questionnaires. First, frequencies of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) were determined, followed by a comparison of ACE with common mental disorders, i.e., depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and anxiety using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) using the chi-squared test.
Results: The frequency of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) was found to be highest among those students who had an ACE score of 1-3 (74.7%), followed by those with an ACE score of 4-6 (24.7%). Overall, females had more ACE (66.8%) than males (33.2%). Strong association of ACEs with depression (p-value <0.05) and anxiety (p-value <0.005) was found.
Conclusion: Childhood adversity has adverse results not only on the affected individual's life but also on the people around that individual. For example, early life trauma in children of different age groups results in depression for a lifetime, anxiety disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, and lack of effective communication.</abstract><cop>Rawalpindi</cop><pub>Knowledge Bylanes</pub><doi>10.51253/pafmj.v72i3.5277</doi><tpages>-896</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Adverse childhood experiences Age groups Anxiety Child psychopathology Childhood Colleges & universities Cronbach's alpha Cross-sectional studies Education Families & family life Gender Mental depression Mental disorders Mental health Psychological aspects Questionnaires Siblings Sociodemographics Teenagers Young adults Youth |
| title | Childhood Adversity and Mental Health Status of Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study at the Universities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan |
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