Fostering Resilience in Children Who Have Been Maltreated: A Review and Call for Translational Research

One-third of Canadian children experience some form of maltreatment in childhood, which is associated with poor mental, emotional, and behavioral outcomes in adulthood. Yet, exposure to child maltreatment is far from deterministic, with many children adapting in the face of adversity. Over the last...

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Veröffentlicht in:Canadian psychology = Psychologie canadienne 2022-05, Vol.63 (2), p.203-213
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description One-third of Canadian children experience some form of maltreatment in childhood, which is associated with poor mental, emotional, and behavioral outcomes in adulthood. Yet, exposure to child maltreatment is far from deterministic, with many children adapting in the face of adversity. Over the last 30 years, the study of resilience has centered on understanding how to reduce poor developmental outcomes and promote positive adaptation following exposure to risk and adversities, such as child maltreatment. The present paper provides a review of resilience theory as it pertains to child maltreatment. We review the literature to date examining resilience mechanisms following child maltreatment across the social ecology, including the individual, family, and community levels. We identify prevention and intervention strategies across the social ecology that are effective in promoting resilience for children who have been maltreated. Finally, we identify research gaps and discuss translational research directions for increasing positive outcomes for children who have experienced maltreatment. Un tiers des enfants au Canada subissent une forme de maltraitance pendant leur enfance, expérience qui est associée à des problèmes de santé mentale, émotionnels et de comportement à l'âge adulte. Toutefois, la maltraitance est loin d'avoir un effet déterministe, car nombreux sont les enfants qui s'adaptent à l'adversité. Au cours des 30 dernières années, les études sur la résilience se sont attardées à la façon de réduire les répercussions néfastes sur le comportement et à l'adaptation positive après avoir vécu le risque et l'adversité, comme la maltraitance dans l'enfance. Le présent article propose un examen de la théorie de la résilience axé sur la maltraitance des enfants. Nous passons en revue la littérature qui examine les mécanismes de résilience après avoir subi une maltraitance dans l'enfance dans un contexte d'écologie sociale, sur les plans individuel, familial et communautaire. Nous cernons les stratégies de prévention et d'intervention dans l'ensemble du contexte d'écologie sociale qui favorisent avec efficacité la résilience des enfants qui ont été maltraités. Enfin, nous déterminons les lacunes de la recherche et discutons des orientations de la recherche translationnelle en vue d'accroître les résultats positifs pour les enfants ayant connu de la maltraitance. Public Significance Statement Child maltreatment is a significant public health concern in Canada
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Yet, exposure to child maltreatment is far from deterministic, with many children adapting in the face of adversity. Over the last 30 years, the study of resilience has centered on understanding how to reduce poor developmental outcomes and promote positive adaptation following exposure to risk and adversities, such as child maltreatment. The present paper provides a review of resilience theory as it pertains to child maltreatment. We review the literature to date examining resilience mechanisms following child maltreatment across the social ecology, including the individual, family, and community levels. We identify prevention and intervention strategies across the social ecology that are effective in promoting resilience for children who have been maltreated. Finally, we identify research gaps and discuss translational research directions for increasing positive outcomes for children who have experienced maltreatment. Un tiers des enfants au Canada subissent une forme de maltraitance pendant leur enfance, expérience qui est associée à des problèmes de santé mentale, émotionnels et de comportement à l'âge adulte. Toutefois, la maltraitance est loin d'avoir un effet déterministe, car nombreux sont les enfants qui s'adaptent à l'adversité. Au cours des 30 dernières années, les études sur la résilience se sont attardées à la façon de réduire les répercussions néfastes sur le comportement et à l'adaptation positive après avoir vécu le risque et l'adversité, comme la maltraitance dans l'enfance. Le présent article propose un examen de la théorie de la résilience axé sur la maltraitance des enfants. Nous passons en revue la littérature qui examine les mécanismes de résilience après avoir subi une maltraitance dans l'enfance dans un contexte d'écologie sociale, sur les plans individuel, familial et communautaire. Nous cernons les stratégies de prévention et d'intervention dans l'ensemble du contexte d'écologie sociale qui favorisent avec efficacité la résilience des enfants qui ont été maltraités. Enfin, nous déterminons les lacunes de la recherche et discutons des orientations de la recherche translationnelle en vue d'accroître les résultats positifs pour les enfants ayant connu de la maltraitance. Public Significance Statement Child maltreatment is a significant public health concern in Canada and is a leading cause of mental health difficulties in adulthood. Despite these pernicious experiences, children can adapt in the face of maltreatment, demonstrating resilient outcomes. We examine the theories, mechanisms, and interventions for promoting resilience for children who have been maltreated. 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Un tiers des enfants au Canada subissent une forme de maltraitance pendant leur enfance, expérience qui est associée à des problèmes de santé mentale, émotionnels et de comportement à l'âge adulte. Toutefois, la maltraitance est loin d'avoir un effet déterministe, car nombreux sont les enfants qui s'adaptent à l'adversité. Au cours des 30 dernières années, les études sur la résilience se sont attardées à la façon de réduire les répercussions néfastes sur le comportement et à l'adaptation positive après avoir vécu le risque et l'adversité, comme la maltraitance dans l'enfance. Le présent article propose un examen de la théorie de la résilience axé sur la maltraitance des enfants. Nous passons en revue la littérature qui examine les mécanismes de résilience après avoir subi une maltraitance dans l'enfance dans un contexte d'écologie sociale, sur les plans individuel, familial et communautaire. Nous cernons les stratégies de prévention et d'intervention dans l'ensemble du contexte d'écologie sociale qui favorisent avec efficacité la résilience des enfants qui ont été maltraités. Enfin, nous déterminons les lacunes de la recherche et discutons des orientations de la recherche translationnelle en vue d'accroître les résultats positifs pour les enfants ayant connu de la maltraitance. Public Significance Statement Child maltreatment is a significant public health concern in Canada and is a leading cause of mental health difficulties in adulthood. Despite these pernicious experiences, children can adapt in the face of maltreatment, demonstrating resilient outcomes. We examine the theories, mechanisms, and interventions for promoting resilience for children who have been maltreated. 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Un tiers des enfants au Canada subissent une forme de maltraitance pendant leur enfance, expérience qui est associée à des problèmes de santé mentale, émotionnels et de comportement à l'âge adulte. Toutefois, la maltraitance est loin d'avoir un effet déterministe, car nombreux sont les enfants qui s'adaptent à l'adversité. Au cours des 30 dernières années, les études sur la résilience se sont attardées à la façon de réduire les répercussions néfastes sur le comportement et à l'adaptation positive après avoir vécu le risque et l'adversité, comme la maltraitance dans l'enfance. Le présent article propose un examen de la théorie de la résilience axé sur la maltraitance des enfants. Nous passons en revue la littérature qui examine les mécanismes de résilience après avoir subi une maltraitance dans l'enfance dans un contexte d'écologie sociale, sur les plans individuel, familial et communautaire. Nous cernons les stratégies de prévention et d'intervention dans l'ensemble du contexte d'écologie sociale qui favorisent avec efficacité la résilience des enfants qui ont été maltraités. Enfin, nous déterminons les lacunes de la recherche et discutons des orientations de la recherche translationnelle en vue d'accroître les résultats positifs pour les enfants ayant connu de la maltraitance. Public Significance Statement Child maltreatment is a significant public health concern in Canada and is a leading cause of mental health difficulties in adulthood. Despite these pernicious experiences, children can adapt in the face of maltreatment, demonstrating resilient outcomes. We examine the theories, mechanisms, and interventions for promoting resilience for children who have been maltreated. 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subjects Adaptation
Adversity
Child Abuse
Child abuse & neglect
Childhood
Children
Children & youth
Early Experience
Ecology
Families & family life
Family
Female
Human
Human ecology
Intervention
Literature reviews
Male
Mental disorders
Mental health
Prevention
Protective Factors
Psychopathology
Resilience
Resilience (Psychological)
Social Ecology
title Fostering Resilience in Children Who Have Been Maltreated: A Review and Call for Translational Research
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