Differential erosion and sediment fluxes in the Landquart basin and possible relationships to lithology and tectonic controls
This paper focuses on the Landquart drainage basin, where we explore geomorphic signals related to the spatial differences in bedrock lithology and differential uplift. We use concentrations of cosmogenic 10 Be to quantify the sediment flux patterns in the region. Furthermore we use the chemical com...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Swiss Journal of geosciences 2019-12, Vol.112 (2-3), p.453-473 |
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| creator | Glaus, Gabriel Delunel, Romain Stutenbecker, Laura Akçar, Naki Christl, Marcus Schlunegger, Fritz |
| description | This paper focuses on the Landquart drainage basin, where we explore geomorphic signals related to the spatial differences in bedrock lithology and differential uplift. We use concentrations of cosmogenic
10
Be to quantify the sediment flux patterns in the region. Furthermore we use the chemical composition of the fine fraction ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00015-019-00344-3 |
| format | Article |
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10
Be to quantify the sediment flux patterns in the region. Furthermore we use the chemical composition of the fine fraction (< 63 μm) of the river sediment to determine the provenance of the material, and we quantify the landscape properties through the calculation of normalized steepness values for the tributary basins. The results show that the upstream segment of the Landquart basin is a glacially imprinted landscape and contributes to about 20–50% of the total modern sediment flux of the Landquart River. Contrariwise, the landscape of the downstream part is dominated by a V-shaped landscape where tributary basins are characterized by a generally high steepness. This downstream area has delivered about 50–80% of the total eroded material. Because this lowermost part of the Landquart basin is c. 50% smaller than the upstream region (200 km
2
downstream versus 400 km
2
upstream), the sediment budget points to very high erosion at work in this lowermost segment. Interestingly, the bedrock of this area comprises flysch and particularly ‘Bündnerschiefer’ deposits that have a high erodibility. In addition, apatite fission track ages are much younger (c. 5–10 Ma) than in the headwater reaches (10–30 Ma). This suggests the occurrence of ongoing yet long-term rock uplift that has occurred at higher rates in the downstream segment than in the headwaters. It appears that the landscape shape and denudation rate pattern in the Landquart basin reflect the combined effect of tectonic processes and fast surface response, where uplift has promoted the exhumation of bedrock with high erodibilities, and where the low erosional resistance of the exposed lithologies has promoted the streams to respond by fast erosion.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1661-8726</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1661-8734</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00015-019-00344-3</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Apatite ; Basins ; Bedrock ; Chemical composition ; Denudation ; Downstream ; Drainage basins ; Drainage control ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Erosion ; Erosion rates ; Erosion resistance ; Fluvial deposits ; Fluvial sediments ; Fluxes ; Flysch ; Geology ; Geomorphology ; Headwaters ; Landscape ; Lithology ; Organic chemistry ; Rivers ; Sediment ; Sediments ; Segments ; Shape ; Slopes ; Soil erosion ; Spatial variations ; Tectonics ; Tributaries ; Uplift ; Upstream</subject><ispartof>Swiss Journal of geosciences, 2019-12, Vol.112 (2-3), p.453-473</ispartof><rights>Swiss Geological Society 2019</rights><rights>Copyright Springer Nature B.V. 2019</rights><rights>Swiss Geological Society 2019.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-fb4ec6d1c7c2243858677d3a02a5ef6c09402e02f9ad356c2f56659580f21ea73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-fb4ec6d1c7c2243858677d3a02a5ef6c09402e02f9ad356c2f56659580f21ea73</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5604-3179 ; 0000-0002-2955-4440</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00015-019-00344-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00015-019-00344-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Glaus, Gabriel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delunel, Romain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stutenbecker, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akçar, Naki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christl, Marcus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlunegger, Fritz</creatorcontrib><title>Differential erosion and sediment fluxes in the Landquart basin and possible relationships to lithology and tectonic controls</title><title>Swiss Journal of geosciences</title><addtitle>Swiss J Geosci</addtitle><description>This paper focuses on the Landquart drainage basin, where we explore geomorphic signals related to the spatial differences in bedrock lithology and differential uplift. We use concentrations of cosmogenic
10
Be to quantify the sediment flux patterns in the region. Furthermore we use the chemical composition of the fine fraction (< 63 μm) of the river sediment to determine the provenance of the material, and we quantify the landscape properties through the calculation of normalized steepness values for the tributary basins. The results show that the upstream segment of the Landquart basin is a glacially imprinted landscape and contributes to about 20–50% of the total modern sediment flux of the Landquart River. Contrariwise, the landscape of the downstream part is dominated by a V-shaped landscape where tributary basins are characterized by a generally high steepness. This downstream area has delivered about 50–80% of the total eroded material. Because this lowermost part of the Landquart basin is c. 50% smaller than the upstream region (200 km
2
downstream versus 400 km
2
upstream), the sediment budget points to very high erosion at work in this lowermost segment. Interestingly, the bedrock of this area comprises flysch and particularly ‘Bündnerschiefer’ deposits that have a high erodibility. In addition, apatite fission track ages are much younger (c. 5–10 Ma) than in the headwater reaches (10–30 Ma). This suggests the occurrence of ongoing yet long-term rock uplift that has occurred at higher rates in the downstream segment than in the headwaters. It appears that the landscape shape and denudation rate pattern in the Landquart basin reflect the combined effect of tectonic processes and fast surface response, where uplift has promoted the exhumation of bedrock with high erodibilities, and where the low erosional resistance of the exposed lithologies has promoted the streams to respond by fast erosion.</description><subject>Apatite</subject><subject>Basins</subject><subject>Bedrock</subject><subject>Chemical composition</subject><subject>Denudation</subject><subject>Downstream</subject><subject>Drainage basins</subject><subject>Drainage control</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Erosion</subject><subject>Erosion rates</subject><subject>Erosion resistance</subject><subject>Fluvial deposits</subject><subject>Fluvial sediments</subject><subject>Fluxes</subject><subject>Flysch</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Geomorphology</subject><subject>Headwaters</subject><subject>Landscape</subject><subject>Lithology</subject><subject>Organic chemistry</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Sediment</subject><subject>Sediments</subject><subject>Segments</subject><subject>Shape</subject><subject>Slopes</subject><subject>Soil erosion</subject><subject>Spatial variations</subject><subject>Tectonics</subject><subject>Tributaries</subject><subject>Uplift</subject><subject>Upstream</subject><issn>1661-8726</issn><issn>1661-8734</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1LxDAQhoso-PkHPAU8VydJk7RH8RsWvOg5ZNPJbqQ2NcmCHvzvRit629MMM8_7DsxbVacUzimAukgAQEUNtKsBeNPUfKc6oFLSulW82f3rmdyvDlN6ARCqpfKg-rz2zmHEMXszEIwh-TASM_YkYe9fy5y4YfOOifiR5DWSRdm9bUzMZGmSn9EppOSXA5KIg8nFIK39lEgOZPB5HYaw-vjhMtocRm-JDWOOYUjH1Z4zQ8KT33pUPd_ePF3d14vHu4ery0VteaNy7ZYNWtlTqyxjDW9FK5XquQFmBDppoWuAITDXmZ4LaZkTUopOtOAYRaP4UXU2-04xvG0wZf0SNnEsJzWTLetaRkWzleJUgeTAaaHYTNnyrBTR6Sn6VxM_NAX9HYaew9AlDP0ThuZFxGdRKvC4wvhvvUX1Bb16jeM</recordid><startdate>20191201</startdate><enddate>20191201</enddate><creator>Glaus, Gabriel</creator><creator>Delunel, Romain</creator><creator>Stutenbecker, Laura</creator><creator>Akçar, Naki</creator><creator>Christl, Marcus</creator><creator>Schlunegger, Fritz</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5604-3179</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-4440</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20191201</creationdate><title>Differential erosion and sediment fluxes in the Landquart basin and possible relationships to lithology and tectonic controls</title><author>Glaus, Gabriel ; Delunel, Romain ; Stutenbecker, Laura ; Akçar, Naki ; Christl, Marcus ; Schlunegger, Fritz</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c347t-fb4ec6d1c7c2243858677d3a02a5ef6c09402e02f9ad356c2f56659580f21ea73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Apatite</topic><topic>Basins</topic><topic>Bedrock</topic><topic>Chemical composition</topic><topic>Denudation</topic><topic>Downstream</topic><topic>Drainage basins</topic><topic>Drainage control</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Erosion</topic><topic>Erosion rates</topic><topic>Erosion resistance</topic><topic>Fluvial deposits</topic><topic>Fluvial sediments</topic><topic>Fluxes</topic><topic>Flysch</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Geomorphology</topic><topic>Headwaters</topic><topic>Landscape</topic><topic>Lithology</topic><topic>Organic chemistry</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Sediment</topic><topic>Sediments</topic><topic>Segments</topic><topic>Shape</topic><topic>Slopes</topic><topic>Soil erosion</topic><topic>Spatial variations</topic><topic>Tectonics</topic><topic>Tributaries</topic><topic>Uplift</topic><topic>Upstream</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Glaus, Gabriel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Delunel, Romain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stutenbecker, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akçar, Naki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christl, Marcus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schlunegger, Fritz</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>Swiss Journal of geosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Glaus, Gabriel</au><au>Delunel, Romain</au><au>Stutenbecker, Laura</au><au>Akçar, Naki</au><au>Christl, Marcus</au><au>Schlunegger, Fritz</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Differential erosion and sediment fluxes in the Landquart basin and possible relationships to lithology and tectonic controls</atitle><jtitle>Swiss Journal of geosciences</jtitle><stitle>Swiss J Geosci</stitle><date>2019-12-01</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>2-3</issue><spage>453</spage><epage>473</epage><pages>453-473</pages><issn>1661-8726</issn><eissn>1661-8734</eissn><abstract>This paper focuses on the Landquart drainage basin, where we explore geomorphic signals related to the spatial differences in bedrock lithology and differential uplift. We use concentrations of cosmogenic
10
Be to quantify the sediment flux patterns in the region. Furthermore we use the chemical composition of the fine fraction (< 63 μm) of the river sediment to determine the provenance of the material, and we quantify the landscape properties through the calculation of normalized steepness values for the tributary basins. The results show that the upstream segment of the Landquart basin is a glacially imprinted landscape and contributes to about 20–50% of the total modern sediment flux of the Landquart River. Contrariwise, the landscape of the downstream part is dominated by a V-shaped landscape where tributary basins are characterized by a generally high steepness. This downstream area has delivered about 50–80% of the total eroded material. Because this lowermost part of the Landquart basin is c. 50% smaller than the upstream region (200 km
2
downstream versus 400 km
2
upstream), the sediment budget points to very high erosion at work in this lowermost segment. Interestingly, the bedrock of this area comprises flysch and particularly ‘Bündnerschiefer’ deposits that have a high erodibility. In addition, apatite fission track ages are much younger (c. 5–10 Ma) than in the headwater reaches (10–30 Ma). This suggests the occurrence of ongoing yet long-term rock uplift that has occurred at higher rates in the downstream segment than in the headwaters. It appears that the landscape shape and denudation rate pattern in the Landquart basin reflect the combined effect of tectonic processes and fast surface response, where uplift has promoted the exhumation of bedrock with high erodibilities, and where the low erosional resistance of the exposed lithologies has promoted the streams to respond by fast erosion.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s00015-019-00344-3</doi><tpages>21</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5604-3179</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2955-4440</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Apatite Basins Bedrock Chemical composition Denudation Downstream Drainage basins Drainage control Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Erosion Erosion rates Erosion resistance Fluvial deposits Fluvial sediments Fluxes Flysch Geology Geomorphology Headwaters Landscape Lithology Organic chemistry Rivers Sediment Sediments Segments Shape Slopes Soil erosion Spatial variations Tectonics Tributaries Uplift Upstream |
| title | Differential erosion and sediment fluxes in the Landquart basin and possible relationships to lithology and tectonic controls |
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