The effect of Ekman and geostrophic surface current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf
Ekman and geostrophic surface currents are often associated with mesoscale eddy activity and upwelling jets, due to their effect on the variability of SST, in the Persian Gulf. Therefore, understanding the distribution of geostrophic and Ekman surface currents and how they are related to SST variabi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Arabian journal of geosciences 2022, Vol.15 (13), Article 1206 |
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| creator | Eshghi, Nasrin Mohammadian, Abdolmajid Mahdizadeh, Mahdi Mohammad |
| description | Ekman and geostrophic surface currents are often associated with mesoscale eddy activity and upwelling jets, due to their effect on the variability of SST, in the Persian Gulf. Therefore, understanding the distribution of geostrophic and Ekman surface currents and how they are related to SST variability is a vital step for understanding circulation dynamics in the Persian Gulf. This study aims to quantify the importance of components of current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf. To this end, intra-annual variability of Ekman, geostrophic and total currents, and SST have been investigated based on the daily time series of 21 years (2000–2020). As well, a correlation analysis was done on the components of current and SST, the results indicated that Ekman current has more intensity in the winter months than the summer months due to the Winter Shamal events, and the maximum value of this current component is seen in the center of the Persian Gulf in all months. In addition, the direction of the Ekman surface currents is toward the sea in the northern region of the Persian Gulf so the Ekman current gives rise to the formation of coastal upwelling currents. The maximum value of the geostrophic component is seen in the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf (near the mouths of rivers) as well as the easternmost region of the Persian Gulf (Strait of Hormuz) in all months due to the difference in surface density in these areas and geostrophic component plays an important role in the formation of the total and main current in this region. The maximum value of total current is seen in the northwestern Persian Gulf in June. A negative (positive) correlation between Ekman (geostrophic) current and SST is found over the Persian Gulf (in the northern coastal regions) and certain parts of the northern Persian Gulf (about 52.5° E–53.5°), which have the strongest relationship between the components of current and SST, implying that there is a possibility of the upwelling and mesoscale eddy creation at the same time. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12517-022-10470-2 |
| format | Article |
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Therefore, understanding the distribution of geostrophic and Ekman surface currents and how they are related to SST variability is a vital step for understanding circulation dynamics in the Persian Gulf. This study aims to quantify the importance of components of current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf. To this end, intra-annual variability of Ekman, geostrophic and total currents, and SST have been investigated based on the daily time series of 21 years (2000–2020). As well, a correlation analysis was done on the components of current and SST, the results indicated that Ekman current has more intensity in the winter months than the summer months due to the Winter Shamal events, and the maximum value of this current component is seen in the center of the Persian Gulf in all months. In addition, the direction of the Ekman surface currents is toward the sea in the northern region of the Persian Gulf so the Ekman current gives rise to the formation of coastal upwelling currents. The maximum value of the geostrophic component is seen in the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf (near the mouths of rivers) as well as the easternmost region of the Persian Gulf (Strait of Hormuz) in all months due to the difference in surface density in these areas and geostrophic component plays an important role in the formation of the total and main current in this region. The maximum value of total current is seen in the northwestern Persian Gulf in June. A negative (positive) correlation between Ekman (geostrophic) current and SST is found over the Persian Gulf (in the northern coastal regions) and certain parts of the northern Persian Gulf (about 52.5° E–53.5°), which have the strongest relationship between the components of current and SST, implying that there is a possibility of the upwelling and mesoscale eddy creation at the same time.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1866-7511</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1866-7538</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12517-022-10470-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Annual variations ; Coastal currents ; Coastal upwelling ; Coastal zone ; Components ; Correlation analysis ; Distribution ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth science ; Earth Sciences ; Eddy currents ; Mesoscale phenomena ; Ocean circulation ; Original Paper ; Rivers ; Sea currents ; Sea surface ; Surface currents ; Upwelling ; Variability ; Winter</subject><ispartof>Arabian journal of geosciences, 2022, Vol.15 (13), Article 1206</ispartof><rights>Saudi Society for Geosciences 2022</rights><rights>Saudi Society for Geosciences 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1642-5356cebc7d4cfd19134b00491125b0c01234e1630d1c398179d9e270983511fe3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1642-5356cebc7d4cfd19134b00491125b0c01234e1630d1c398179d9e270983511fe3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12517-022-10470-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12517-022-10470-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Eshghi, Nasrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammadian, Abdolmajid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahdizadeh, Mahdi Mohammad</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of Ekman and geostrophic surface current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf</title><title>Arabian journal of geosciences</title><addtitle>Arab J Geosci</addtitle><description>Ekman and geostrophic surface currents are often associated with mesoscale eddy activity and upwelling jets, due to their effect on the variability of SST, in the Persian Gulf. Therefore, understanding the distribution of geostrophic and Ekman surface currents and how they are related to SST variability is a vital step for understanding circulation dynamics in the Persian Gulf. This study aims to quantify the importance of components of current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf. To this end, intra-annual variability of Ekman, geostrophic and total currents, and SST have been investigated based on the daily time series of 21 years (2000–2020). As well, a correlation analysis was done on the components of current and SST, the results indicated that Ekman current has more intensity in the winter months than the summer months due to the Winter Shamal events, and the maximum value of this current component is seen in the center of the Persian Gulf in all months. In addition, the direction of the Ekman surface currents is toward the sea in the northern region of the Persian Gulf so the Ekman current gives rise to the formation of coastal upwelling currents. The maximum value of the geostrophic component is seen in the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf (near the mouths of rivers) as well as the easternmost region of the Persian Gulf (Strait of Hormuz) in all months due to the difference in surface density in these areas and geostrophic component plays an important role in the formation of the total and main current in this region. The maximum value of total current is seen in the northwestern Persian Gulf in June. A negative (positive) correlation between Ekman (geostrophic) current and SST is found over the Persian Gulf (in the northern coastal regions) and certain parts of the northern Persian Gulf (about 52.5° E–53.5°), which have the strongest relationship between the components of current and SST, implying that there is a possibility of the upwelling and mesoscale eddy creation at the same time.</description><subject>Annual variations</subject><subject>Coastal currents</subject><subject>Coastal upwelling</subject><subject>Coastal zone</subject><subject>Components</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Distribution</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Eddy currents</subject><subject>Mesoscale phenomena</subject><subject>Ocean circulation</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Rivers</subject><subject>Sea currents</subject><subject>Sea surface</subject><subject>Surface currents</subject><subject>Upwelling</subject><subject>Variability</subject><subject>Winter</subject><issn>1866-7511</issn><issn>1866-7538</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEFLwzAYhoMoOKd_wFPAc_X7krZJjzLmFAYKm-fQpsmWubUzaQf798ZV9OYpITzPG96XkFuEewQQDwFZhiIBxhKEVEDCzsgIZZ4nIuPy_PeOeEmuQtgA5BKEHJH9cm2osdbojraWTj92ZUPLpqYr04bOt_u10zT03pbaUN17b5oINrSLWu0i4aq-c_EhyovFkh5K78rKbV13pO3B-BP4ZnxwMXfWb-01ubDlNpibn3NM3p-my8lzMn-dvUwe54nGPGVJxrNcm0qLOtW2xgJ5WgGkBcaiFWhAxlODOYcaNS8kiqIuDBNQSB5LWsPH5G7I3fv2szehU5u29038UrHYXeaZ5Gmk2EBp34bgjVV773alPyoE9b2sGpZVcVl1WlaxKPFBChFuVsb_Rf9jfQEfQ3rY</recordid><startdate>2022</startdate><enddate>2022</enddate><creator>Eshghi, Nasrin</creator><creator>Mohammadian, Abdolmajid</creator><creator>Mahdizadeh, Mahdi Mohammad</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2022</creationdate><title>The effect of Ekman and geostrophic surface current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf</title><author>Eshghi, Nasrin ; Mohammadian, Abdolmajid ; Mahdizadeh, Mahdi Mohammad</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1642-5356cebc7d4cfd19134b00491125b0c01234e1630d1c398179d9e270983511fe3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Annual variations</topic><topic>Coastal currents</topic><topic>Coastal upwelling</topic><topic>Coastal zone</topic><topic>Components</topic><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Distribution</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Eddy currents</topic><topic>Mesoscale phenomena</topic><topic>Ocean circulation</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Sea currents</topic><topic>Sea surface</topic><topic>Surface currents</topic><topic>Upwelling</topic><topic>Variability</topic><topic>Winter</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Eshghi, Nasrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammadian, Abdolmajid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahdizadeh, Mahdi Mohammad</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Eshghi, Nasrin</au><au>Mohammadian, Abdolmajid</au><au>Mahdizadeh, Mahdi Mohammad</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of Ekman and geostrophic surface current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf</atitle><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle><stitle>Arab J Geosci</stitle><date>2022</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>13</issue><artnum>1206</artnum><issn>1866-7511</issn><eissn>1866-7538</eissn><abstract>Ekman and geostrophic surface currents are often associated with mesoscale eddy activity and upwelling jets, due to their effect on the variability of SST, in the Persian Gulf. Therefore, understanding the distribution of geostrophic and Ekman surface currents and how they are related to SST variability is a vital step for understanding circulation dynamics in the Persian Gulf. This study aims to quantify the importance of components of current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf. To this end, intra-annual variability of Ekman, geostrophic and total currents, and SST have been investigated based on the daily time series of 21 years (2000–2020). As well, a correlation analysis was done on the components of current and SST, the results indicated that Ekman current has more intensity in the winter months than the summer months due to the Winter Shamal events, and the maximum value of this current component is seen in the center of the Persian Gulf in all months. In addition, the direction of the Ekman surface currents is toward the sea in the northern region of the Persian Gulf so the Ekman current gives rise to the formation of coastal upwelling currents. The maximum value of the geostrophic component is seen in the northwestern part of the Persian Gulf (near the mouths of rivers) as well as the easternmost region of the Persian Gulf (Strait of Hormuz) in all months due to the difference in surface density in these areas and geostrophic component plays an important role in the formation of the total and main current in this region. The maximum value of total current is seen in the northwestern Persian Gulf in June. A negative (positive) correlation between Ekman (geostrophic) current and SST is found over the Persian Gulf (in the northern coastal regions) and certain parts of the northern Persian Gulf (about 52.5° E–53.5°), which have the strongest relationship between the components of current and SST, implying that there is a possibility of the upwelling and mesoscale eddy creation at the same time.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s12517-022-10470-2</doi></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Annual variations Coastal currents Coastal upwelling Coastal zone Components Correlation analysis Distribution Earth and Environmental Science Earth science Earth Sciences Eddy currents Mesoscale phenomena Ocean circulation Original Paper Rivers Sea currents Sea surface Surface currents Upwelling Variability Winter |
| title | The effect of Ekman and geostrophic surface current on the distribution of SST variability over the Persian Gulf |
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