MJO propagation over the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific in CMIP5 Models: Roles of Background States
This study explored the impacts of background states on the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in 24 CMIP5 models using a precipitation-based MJO tracking method. The ability of the model to reproduce the MJO propagation is reflected in the occurrence frequency of individual MJO even...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of climate 2022-02, Vol.35 (3), p.1-46 |
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description | This study explored the impacts of background states on the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in 24 CMIP5 models using a precipitation-based MJO tracking method. The ability of the model to reproduce the MJO propagation is reflected in the occurrence frequency of individual MJO events. Moisture budget analysis suggests that the occurrence frequencies of MJO events that propagate across the Indian Ocean (IO-MJO) and western Pacific (WP-MJO) in the models are mainly related to the low-level meridional moisture advection ahead of the MJO convection center. This advection is tightly associated with the background distribution of low-level moisture. Drier biases in background low-level moisture over the entire tropical regions account for underestimated MJO occurrence frequency in the bottom-tier simulations. This study highlights the importance of reproducing the year-to-year background states for the simulations of MJO propagation in the models by further decomposing the background states into the climatology and anomaly components. The background meridional moisture gradient account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency is closely related to its climatology component, however, the anomaly component regulated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is also important for the WP-MJO occurrence frequency. The year-to-year variations of background zonal and meridional gradients associated with ENSO account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency tend to be offset with each other. As a result, the ENSO shows no significant impact on the IO-MJO occurrence frequency. However, the MJO events tend to more likely propagate across the western Pacific during El Niño years. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0255.1 |
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The ability of the model to reproduce the MJO propagation is reflected in the occurrence frequency of individual MJO events. Moisture budget analysis suggests that the occurrence frequencies of MJO events that propagate across the Indian Ocean (IO-MJO) and western Pacific (WP-MJO) in the models are mainly related to the low-level meridional moisture advection ahead of the MJO convection center. This advection is tightly associated with the background distribution of low-level moisture. Drier biases in background low-level moisture over the entire tropical regions account for underestimated MJO occurrence frequency in the bottom-tier simulations. This study highlights the importance of reproducing the year-to-year background states for the simulations of MJO propagation in the models by further decomposing the background states into the climatology and anomaly components. The background meridional moisture gradient account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency is closely related to its climatology component, however, the anomaly component regulated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is also important for the WP-MJO occurrence frequency. The year-to-year variations of background zonal and meridional gradients associated with ENSO account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency tend to be offset with each other. As a result, the ENSO shows no significant impact on the IO-MJO occurrence frequency. However, the MJO events tend to more likely propagate across the western Pacific during El Niño years.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0894-8755</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-0442</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0255.1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: American Meteorological Society</publisher><subject>Advection ; Climate ; Climate models ; Climatology ; Convection ; El Nino ; El Nino phenomena ; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event ; Madden-Julian oscillation ; Modelling ; Moisture ; Moisture budget ; Moisture effects ; Moisture gradient ; Ocean models ; Oceans ; Propagation ; Southern Oscillation ; Tracking ; Tropical climate ; Tropical environment ; Tropical environments</subject><ispartof>Journal of climate, 2022-02, Vol.35 (3), p.1-46</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Meteorological Society Feb 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c252t-792a60443a512fe2e53acfbccc60026b0140eb5e8d3d9387728fe93c8723b8583</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c252t-792a60443a512fe2e53acfbccc60026b0140eb5e8d3d9387728fe93c8723b8583</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3681,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chen, Guiwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ling, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yuanwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Chongyin</creatorcontrib><title>MJO propagation over the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific in CMIP5 Models: Roles of Background States</title><title>Journal of climate</title><description>This study explored the impacts of background states on the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in 24 CMIP5 models using a precipitation-based MJO tracking method. The ability of the model to reproduce the MJO propagation is reflected in the occurrence frequency of individual MJO events. Moisture budget analysis suggests that the occurrence frequencies of MJO events that propagate across the Indian Ocean (IO-MJO) and western Pacific (WP-MJO) in the models are mainly related to the low-level meridional moisture advection ahead of the MJO convection center. This advection is tightly associated with the background distribution of low-level moisture. Drier biases in background low-level moisture over the entire tropical regions account for underestimated MJO occurrence frequency in the bottom-tier simulations. This study highlights the importance of reproducing the year-to-year background states for the simulations of MJO propagation in the models by further decomposing the background states into the climatology and anomaly components. The background meridional moisture gradient account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency is closely related to its climatology component, however, the anomaly component regulated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is also important for the WP-MJO occurrence frequency. The year-to-year variations of background zonal and meridional gradients associated with ENSO account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency tend to be offset with each other. As a result, the ENSO shows no significant impact on the IO-MJO occurrence frequency. However, the MJO events tend to more likely propagate across the western Pacific during El Niño years.</description><subject>Advection</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Climate models</subject><subject>Climatology</subject><subject>Convection</subject><subject>El Nino</subject><subject>El Nino phenomena</subject><subject>El Nino-Southern Oscillation event</subject><subject>Madden-Julian oscillation</subject><subject>Modelling</subject><subject>Moisture</subject><subject>Moisture budget</subject><subject>Moisture effects</subject><subject>Moisture gradient</subject><subject>Ocean models</subject><subject>Oceans</subject><subject>Propagation</subject><subject>Southern Oscillation</subject><subject>Tracking</subject><subject>Tropical climate</subject><subject>Tropical environment</subject><subject>Tropical environments</subject><issn>0894-8755</issn><issn>1520-0442</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNotkElPwzAQRi0EEqVw52iJs4uXOHa4QcrSqlUrFnG0HGdSUkpc7BSJf4-rcpm5fDPz5iF0yeiIMSWvp-VsQsaEM0K5lCN2hAZMckpolvFjNKC6yIhWUp6isxjXlDKeUzpAMJ8u8Db4rV3ZvvUd9j8QcP8BeNLVre3wwkGqtqvxO8QeQoeX1rVN63Db4XI-WUo89zVs4g1-9huI2Df4zrrPVfC7NPTS2x7iOTpp7CbCxX8foreH-9fyicwWj5PydkYcl7wnquA2T8DCSsYb4CCFdU3lnEusPK8oyyhUEnQt6kJopbhuoBBOKy4qLbUYoqvD3vTR9y7xmrXfhS6dNDxXMi-koCql6CHlgo8xQGO2of2y4dcwavYyzV6mGRvOzF6mYeIPEt5l6g</recordid><startdate>20220201</startdate><enddate>20220201</enddate><creator>Chen, Guiwan</creator><creator>Ling, Jian</creator><creator>Zhang, Yuanwen</creator><creator>Wang, Xin</creator><creator>Li, Chongyin</creator><general>American Meteorological Society</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220201</creationdate><title>MJO propagation over the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific in CMIP5 Models: Roles of Background States</title><author>Chen, Guiwan ; Ling, Jian ; Zhang, Yuanwen ; Wang, Xin ; Li, Chongyin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c252t-792a60443a512fe2e53acfbccc60026b0140eb5e8d3d9387728fe93c8723b8583</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Advection</topic><topic>Climate</topic><topic>Climate models</topic><topic>Climatology</topic><topic>Convection</topic><topic>El Nino</topic><topic>El Nino phenomena</topic><topic>El Nino-Southern Oscillation event</topic><topic>Madden-Julian oscillation</topic><topic>Modelling</topic><topic>Moisture</topic><topic>Moisture budget</topic><topic>Moisture effects</topic><topic>Moisture gradient</topic><topic>Ocean models</topic><topic>Oceans</topic><topic>Propagation</topic><topic>Southern Oscillation</topic><topic>Tracking</topic><topic>Tropical climate</topic><topic>Tropical environment</topic><topic>Tropical environments</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chen, Guiwan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ling, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yuanwen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Xin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Chongyin</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Journal of climate</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chen, Guiwan</au><au>Ling, Jian</au><au>Zhang, Yuanwen</au><au>Wang, Xin</au><au>Li, Chongyin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>MJO propagation over the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific in CMIP5 Models: Roles of Background States</atitle><jtitle>Journal of climate</jtitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>46</epage><pages>1-46</pages><issn>0894-8755</issn><eissn>1520-0442</eissn><abstract>This study explored the impacts of background states on the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in 24 CMIP5 models using a precipitation-based MJO tracking method. The ability of the model to reproduce the MJO propagation is reflected in the occurrence frequency of individual MJO events. Moisture budget analysis suggests that the occurrence frequencies of MJO events that propagate across the Indian Ocean (IO-MJO) and western Pacific (WP-MJO) in the models are mainly related to the low-level meridional moisture advection ahead of the MJO convection center. This advection is tightly associated with the background distribution of low-level moisture. Drier biases in background low-level moisture over the entire tropical regions account for underestimated MJO occurrence frequency in the bottom-tier simulations. This study highlights the importance of reproducing the year-to-year background states for the simulations of MJO propagation in the models by further decomposing the background states into the climatology and anomaly components. The background meridional moisture gradient account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency is closely related to its climatology component, however, the anomaly component regulated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is also important for the WP-MJO occurrence frequency. The year-to-year variations of background zonal and meridional gradients associated with ENSO account for the IO-MJO occurrence frequency tend to be offset with each other. As a result, the ENSO shows no significant impact on the IO-MJO occurrence frequency. However, the MJO events tend to more likely propagate across the western Pacific during El Niño years.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>American Meteorological Society</pub><doi>10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0255.1</doi><tpages>46</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Advection Climate Climate models Climatology Convection El Nino El Nino phenomena El Nino-Southern Oscillation event Madden-Julian oscillation Modelling Moisture Moisture budget Moisture effects Moisture gradient Ocean models Oceans Propagation Southern Oscillation Tracking Tropical climate Tropical environment Tropical environments |
title | MJO propagation over the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific in CMIP5 Models: Roles of Background States |
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