Experimental study of the solar-driven steam gasification of coal in an improved updraft combined drop-tube and fixed-bed reactor

•A 1.5-kWth improved updraft combined drop-tube and fixed-bed reactor was developed.•Different gasification operating conditions were experimentally investigated.•The highest value of carbon conversion rate above 65% was achieved.•The peak of the energy upgrade factor was 1.18.•The average solar-to-...

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