Self-Forced Oscillation in Heterogeneously Integrated Multi-Mode Laser

High-stability optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) are attained using self-forced oscillation techniques using long optical delays. Free-running InP-based multi-mode laser (MML) diodes with free-spectral range (FSR) of 11.7 GHz is stabilized using self-electrical injection-locked (SEIL) and dual self-phase-locked loop (DSPLL) (SEILDPLL) approach; phase noise of the free-running OEO of −52.8 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset was improved by 36 dB experimentally. Self-forced stabilization of MML-based OEO results in timing jitter of 0.9 ps, a factor of 33 times reduction in the free-running performance. A fully integrated solution using Si-photonics (SiP) is more environmentally stable and amenable to a reduced large volume manufacturing. A heterogeneously integrated MML combined with self-forced function is designed on an approximately 91-cm 2 SiP chip using 325- and 975-ns time delays.