Sexual size dimorphism of two common European percid fish: linkage with spatial distribution and diet

Many fish species exhibit female-biased size dimorphism that may lead to spatial segregation of sexes. We selected two common European percids (Percidae, European perch Perca fluviatilis and ruffe Gymnocephalus cernua ) differing in total body size, reproduction mode, habitat use and diurnal activit...

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Veröffentlicht in:Hydrobiologia 2022-05, Vol.849 (9), p.2009-2027
Hauptverfasser: Prchalová, M., Žák, J., Říha, M., Šmejkal, M., Blabolil, P., Vašek, M., Matěna, J., Peterka, J., Seďa, J., Kubečka, J.
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container_end_page 2027
container_issue 9
container_start_page 2009
container_title Hydrobiologia
container_volume 849
creator Prchalová, M.
Žák, J.
Říha, M.
Šmejkal, M.
Blabolil, P.
Vašek, M.
Matěna, J.
Peterka, J.
Seďa, J.
Kubečka, J.
description Many fish species exhibit female-biased size dimorphism that may lead to spatial segregation of sexes. We selected two common European percids (Percidae, European perch Perca fluviatilis and ruffe Gymnocephalus cernua ) differing in total body size, reproduction mode, habitat use and diurnal activity, to test whether they display size dimorphism and its effect on habitat use and diet. Females were significantly larger than equally old males (by 76% in perch, 23% in ruffe). No differences in habitat use by sexes were found along depth and longitudinal gradients of reservoir or between inshore and offshore habitats. Perch females had fuller guts, but both sexes were equally likely to consume same prey items ( Leptodora kindtii , Daphnia spp . , Chironomidae larvae, fish). Both sexes of ruffe had similar stomachs fullness, but females preferred L. kindtii and males Asellus aquaticus . In summary, perch and ruffe show strong female-biased size dimorphism, but sexes do not segregate spatially. Their unequal sex-specific dietary demands are satisfied by higher feeding rate of female perch and by preference for different prey items in ruffe. The magnitude of dimorphism was related to species body size and reproduction mode being larger in larger species and in total spawner (perch).
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10750-022-04844-6
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subjects Aquatic insects
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Body size
Diet
Dimorphism
Ecology
Feeding habits
Feeding rates
Females
Fish
Fishes
Freshwater & Marine Ecology
Freshwater crustaceans
Geographical distribution
Habitat selection
Habitat utilization
Habitats
Larvae
Leptodora kindtii
Life Sciences
Males
Offshore
Perca fluviatilis
Prey
Primary Research Paper
Reproduction
Reproduction (biology)
Segregation
Sexual dimorphism
Spatial distribution
Species
Zoology
title Sexual size dimorphism of two common European percid fish: linkage with spatial distribution and diet
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