Multi-level modulation scheme based on PAK algorithm for optical camera communications
In an optical camera communication (OCC) system, multi-level modulation is essential for data rate enhancement with the finite frame rate of the receiving camera constraint, where the K-means algorithm is widely used as a thresholding scheme. The result of K-means clustering is sensitive to initial...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Optoelectronics letters 2022-03, Vol.18 (3), p.152-157 |
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| container_title | Optoelectronics letters |
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| creator | Wu, Jing Chi, Xuefen Ji, Fenglei Jiang, Keyu Chen, Shaoqi Li, Shuai |
| description | In an optical camera communication (OCC) system, multi-level modulation is essential for data rate enhancement with the finite frame rate of the receiving camera constraint, where the K-means algorithm is widely used as a thresholding scheme. The result of K-means clustering is sensitive to initial cluster centers. In this paper, we propose a multi-level modulation scheme utilizing the pilot-aided K-means (PAK) algorithm. PAK algorithm innovates in both obtaining the state of the stripes propagated through the optical channel under different environments and overcoming the susceptibility of K-means. Our scheme could prompt data rate and improve the performance of OCC. Finally, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) pattern is designed based on the proposed scheme to achieve multiplex communications. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11801-022-1089-7 |
| format | Article |
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Finally, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) pattern is designed based on the proposed scheme to achieve multiplex communications.</description><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Cameras</subject><subject>Cluster analysis</subject><subject>Clustering</subject><subject>Communications systems</subject><subject>Lasers</subject><subject>Modulation</subject><subject>Nonorthogonal multiple access</subject><subject>Optical Devices</subject><subject>Optics</subject><subject>Photonics</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>Physics and Astronomy</subject><subject>Vector quantization</subject><issn>1673-1905</issn><issn>1993-5013</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kE1LxDAQhoMouKz7A7wFPEdnkqZtjsviF67oQb2GNE13u7SbNWkF_71ZKnhyLvPB-8wMLyGXCNcIUNxExBKQAecMoVSsOCEzVEowCShOU50XgqECeU4WMe4gheBFmakZ-Xgeu6FlnftyHe19PXZmaP2eRrt1vaOVia6mqX9dPlHTbXxoh21PGx-oPwytNR21pnfBUOv7ftynyRGPF-SsMV10i988J-93t2-rB7Z-uX9cLdfM8iwfmCiVrIQwdfqoxMbIxkmEXFlEUJm0xnGeQ-2MqYxwTippcwBpqqbMnC2FmJOrae8h-M_RxUHv_Bj26aTmeZZlUBTIkwonlQ0-xuAafQhtb8K3RtBHB_XkoE4O6qODukgMn5iYtPuNC3-b_4d-AATkc0c</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Wu, Jing</creator><creator>Chi, Xuefen</creator><creator>Ji, Fenglei</creator><creator>Jiang, Keyu</creator><creator>Chen, Shaoqi</creator><creator>Li, Shuai</creator><general>Tianjin University of Technology</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Multi-level modulation scheme based on PAK algorithm for optical camera communications</title><author>Wu, Jing ; Chi, Xuefen ; Ji, Fenglei ; Jiang, Keyu ; Chen, Shaoqi ; Li, Shuai</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c246t-3895b33ad00081fa5fe51069c110945cae2260deaaba3ee595c6005abf84ec833</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Cameras</topic><topic>Cluster analysis</topic><topic>Clustering</topic><topic>Communications systems</topic><topic>Lasers</topic><topic>Modulation</topic><topic>Nonorthogonal multiple access</topic><topic>Optical Devices</topic><topic>Optics</topic><topic>Photonics</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>Physics and Astronomy</topic><topic>Vector quantization</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chi, Xuefen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ji, Fenglei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Keyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Shaoqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Shuai</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Optoelectronics letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wu, Jing</au><au>Chi, Xuefen</au><au>Ji, Fenglei</au><au>Jiang, Keyu</au><au>Chen, Shaoqi</au><au>Li, Shuai</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Multi-level modulation scheme based on PAK algorithm for optical camera communications</atitle><jtitle>Optoelectronics letters</jtitle><stitle>Optoelectron. 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| ispartof | Optoelectronics letters, 2022-03, Vol.18 (3), p.152-157 |
| issn | 1673-1905 1993-5013 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Alma/SFX Local Collection; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Algorithms Cameras Cluster analysis Clustering Communications systems Lasers Modulation Nonorthogonal multiple access Optical Devices Optics Photonics Physics Physics and Astronomy Vector quantization |
| title | Multi-level modulation scheme based on PAK algorithm for optical camera communications |
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