The Influence of the Structure of Pectin Substances of Flax Fodder Supplements on Absorption Binding of Azaheterocyclic Mycotoxins

The article presents a comprehensive approach to the investigation of the features of the chemical and supramolecular structure of pectin substances from plant tissues of the flax stem in relation to the manifestation patterns of the sorption properties of polyuronides with regard to theophylline, selected as the azaheterocyclic mycotoxin model. The preservation of the structure of the extracted pectin substances has been ensured using the methods of the enzymatic destruction of flax neutral polysaccharides and ultrasonic activation of the extraction processes. The methods of Fourier-IR spectroscopy, viscometry, IR spectrometry of pectin films, stationary sorption from the limited volume, and electron spectroscopy of solutions have been applied in the experimental studies. The analysis of the sorption research results has been carried out using the Boyd, Weber-Morris, and gel diffusion models, as well as the Lagergren and Ho and McKay kinetic models. The models of the polymer chain molecular structure and the spatial interaction between macromolecules in the sorption grain structure have been proposed based on the data on the chemical state of polyuronides. The effect of the structural arrangement of polyuronides on the equilibrium sorption level within the pH range of 2–6.5, on the characteristics of the external and internal diffusion limitation of the mass transfer, as well as on the sorption rate constant, and the limit sorption level of the biopolymer has been traced. The research results make it possible to predict the sorption binding of alkaloids by pectin substrates based on the data on the ratio of the forms of galacturonate units and to provide a comprehensive solution to the urgent tasks to optimize the feeding of ruminants, including the prevention of mycotoxicosis by numerous types of azaheterocyclic mycotoxins.