Spatio-Temporal Pattern of World Heritage and Its Accessibility Assessment in China
World Heritage is of high historical, artistic, and scientific value and represents wealth created by human beings or nature that cannot be replaced. In this paper, the tempo–spatial characteristics of World Heritage and its traffic accessibility were assessed in China using statistical and spatial...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Sustainability 2022-03, Vol.14 (5), p.3033 |
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| creator | Che, Yanjun Cao, Yun Wu, Rong Liu, Jian Chen, Lihua Wu, Jiakang |
| description | World Heritage is of high historical, artistic, and scientific value and represents wealth created by human beings or nature that cannot be replaced. In this paper, the tempo–spatial characteristics of World Heritage and its traffic accessibility were assessed in China using statistical and spatial analysis methods. The results showed that development of Chinese World Heritage experienced exploratory, evolution, accelerated development, and stable development phases. To date, there are 55 World Heritage Projects in China, including 37 Cultural Heritage, 14 Natural Heritage, and 4 mixed double heritage projects. Based on the spatial analysis, global spatial correlation of these heritage sites was not significant while the local spatial correlation was significant. The majority of the heritage sites were distributed in the east–central regions of China, and the hotspots were also concentrated in these regions. In addition, an assessment of inter-regional accessibility indicated that 63.18% of heritage sites could be reached within one hour from a city center and the average time taken to reach a heritage site was at 1.03 h in the local city. Time cost was low and accessibility was good. Additionally, an analysis of the overall accessibility showed that the average time cost of the World Heritage Sites was 25.51 h. Overall accessibility in the central plain region of China was very high, with a time cost of |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/su14053033 |
| format | Article |
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In this paper, the tempo–spatial characteristics of World Heritage and its traffic accessibility were assessed in China using statistical and spatial analysis methods. The results showed that development of Chinese World Heritage experienced exploratory, evolution, accelerated development, and stable development phases. To date, there are 55 World Heritage Projects in China, including 37 Cultural Heritage, 14 Natural Heritage, and 4 mixed double heritage projects. Based on the spatial analysis, global spatial correlation of these heritage sites was not significant while the local spatial correlation was significant. The majority of the heritage sites were distributed in the east–central regions of China, and the hotspots were also concentrated in these regions. In addition, an assessment of inter-regional accessibility indicated that 63.18% of heritage sites could be reached within one hour from a city center and the average time taken to reach a heritage site was at 1.03 h in the local city. Time cost was low and accessibility was good. Additionally, an analysis of the overall accessibility showed that the average time cost of the World Heritage Sites was 25.51 h. Overall accessibility in the central plain region of China was very high, with a time cost of <15 h. The overall accessibility in the western mountains and northeastern regions was very limited. In general, the development of China’s World Heritage still has great potential and strong traffic accessibility, which can effectively promote the development of heritage tourism. Meanwhile, heritage tourism can also effectively promote the development of local economies under the principle of protection priority.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2071-1050</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/su14053033</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Cultural heritage ; Cultural resources ; Historic sites ; Mountains ; National parks ; Nominations ; Spatial analysis ; Sustainability ; Tourism ; Traffic ; Wildlife sanctuaries ; World Heritage Areas</subject><ispartof>Sustainability, 2022-03, Vol.14 (5), p.3033</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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In addition, an assessment of inter-regional accessibility indicated that 63.18% of heritage sites could be reached within one hour from a city center and the average time taken to reach a heritage site was at 1.03 h in the local city. Time cost was low and accessibility was good. Additionally, an analysis of the overall accessibility showed that the average time cost of the World Heritage Sites was 25.51 h. Overall accessibility in the central plain region of China was very high, with a time cost of <15 h. The overall accessibility in the western mountains and northeastern regions was very limited. In general, the development of China’s World Heritage still has great potential and strong traffic accessibility, which can effectively promote the development of heritage tourism. Meanwhile, heritage tourism can also effectively promote the development of local economies under the principle of protection priority.</description><subject>Cultural heritage</subject><subject>Cultural resources</subject><subject>Historic sites</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>National parks</subject><subject>Nominations</subject><subject>Spatial analysis</subject><subject>Sustainability</subject><subject>Tourism</subject><subject>Traffic</subject><subject>Wildlife sanctuaries</subject><subject>World Heritage Areas</subject><issn>2071-1050</issn><issn>2071-1050</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkE9LAzEQxYMoWGovfoKAN2E1yWT_5FiK2kJBoRWPyzQ7qynbzZqkB7-9KxX0Xd578JiBH2PXUtwBGHEfj1KLHATAGZsoUcpMilyc_8uXbBbjXowCkEYWE7bZDJicz7Z0GHzAjr9gShR67lv-5kPX8CUFl_CdOPYNX6XI59ZSjG7nOpe--DzGsR2oT9z1fPHherxiFy12kWa_PmWvjw_bxTJbPz-tFvN1ZpXJUwYEORWEBVplFbRFKUVjQJcNGqErRJNrakjuKgCtLBqFslLQKJ1XgJWFKbs53R2C_zxSTPXeH0M_vqxVAWUF2ow4puz2tLLBxxiorYfgDhi-ainqH271Hzf4Bn8fXrY</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Che, Yanjun</creator><creator>Cao, Yun</creator><creator>Wu, Rong</creator><creator>Liu, Jian</creator><creator>Chen, Lihua</creator><creator>Wu, Jiakang</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>4U-</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Spatio-Temporal Pattern of World Heritage and Its Accessibility Assessment in China</title><author>Che, Yanjun ; Cao, Yun ; Wu, Rong ; Liu, Jian ; Chen, Lihua ; Wu, Jiakang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c295t-3e35e6ea6ac2c23f6710d9347da9048aa954ede1b83342ca92a1823d24583a8c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Cultural heritage</topic><topic>Cultural resources</topic><topic>Historic sites</topic><topic>Mountains</topic><topic>National parks</topic><topic>Nominations</topic><topic>Spatial analysis</topic><topic>Sustainability</topic><topic>Tourism</topic><topic>Traffic</topic><topic>Wildlife sanctuaries</topic><topic>World Heritage Areas</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Che, Yanjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cao, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Lihua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Jiakang</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>University Readers</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>Sustainability</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Che, Yanjun</au><au>Cao, Yun</au><au>Wu, Rong</au><au>Liu, Jian</au><au>Chen, Lihua</au><au>Wu, Jiakang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Spatio-Temporal Pattern of World Heritage and Its Accessibility Assessment in China</atitle><jtitle>Sustainability</jtitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>3033</spage><pages>3033-</pages><issn>2071-1050</issn><eissn>2071-1050</eissn><abstract>World Heritage is of high historical, artistic, and scientific value and represents wealth created by human beings or nature that cannot be replaced. 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In addition, an assessment of inter-regional accessibility indicated that 63.18% of heritage sites could be reached within one hour from a city center and the average time taken to reach a heritage site was at 1.03 h in the local city. Time cost was low and accessibility was good. Additionally, an analysis of the overall accessibility showed that the average time cost of the World Heritage Sites was 25.51 h. Overall accessibility in the central plain region of China was very high, with a time cost of <15 h. The overall accessibility in the western mountains and northeastern regions was very limited. In general, the development of China’s World Heritage still has great potential and strong traffic accessibility, which can effectively promote the development of heritage tourism. 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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Cultural heritage Cultural resources Historic sites Mountains National parks Nominations Spatial analysis Sustainability Tourism Traffic Wildlife sanctuaries World Heritage Areas |
| title | Spatio-Temporal Pattern of World Heritage and Its Accessibility Assessment in China |
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