Surface and Tribological Properties of Oxide Films on Aluminium Alloy through Fly-Ash Reinforcement
Hard anodizing has proven to be a helpful surface treatment for aluminium alloy and typically accompanied by the growth of a porous and highly flawed oxide layer. The presence of pores on the oxide surface can be taken as an advantage in improving the surface properties. Fly-ash particles are high i...
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description | Hard anodizing has proven to be a helpful surface treatment for aluminium alloy and typically accompanied by the growth of a porous and highly flawed oxide layer. The presence of pores on the oxide surface can be taken as an advantage in improving the surface properties. Fly-ash particles are high in SiO2 and Al2O3 content and can be utilized as inexpensive strengthening particles, which can increase the wear resistance and microhardness of composite material. It was noticed that limited research had been carried out in utilizing fly-ash as reinforcement on composite oxide coating as a wear resistance candidate. Thus, this study focused on reinforcing fly-ash on oxide coating and investigating its tribological performance. The composite oxide coating was grown on AA2017 aluminium alloy through anodizing process. To understand the effect of anodizing time and fly-ash content, the parameters were varied from 5–60 min and 0–50 g/L, respectively. The findings suggested that 60 min of anodizing time provides the highest thickness and surface roughness at 35 µm and 6.5 µm, respectively. Interestingly, composite oxide coating with 50 g/L fly-ash provides the highest coating thickness but has the lowest roughness at 52 μm and 8.2 μm, respectively. The composite oxide coatings are observed to reduce friction only for a limited time, despite their potential in significantly reducing the wear rate. The wear mechanism observed was adhesion, micro-crack, and delamination. The findings of this study are believed to provide insight on the potential of fly-ash to be a reinforcement for wear-reduction materials. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/coatings12020256 |
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The presence of pores on the oxide surface can be taken as an advantage in improving the surface properties. Fly-ash particles are high in SiO2 and Al2O3 content and can be utilized as inexpensive strengthening particles, which can increase the wear resistance and microhardness of composite material. It was noticed that limited research had been carried out in utilizing fly-ash as reinforcement on composite oxide coating as a wear resistance candidate. Thus, this study focused on reinforcing fly-ash on oxide coating and investigating its tribological performance. The composite oxide coating was grown on AA2017 aluminium alloy through anodizing process. To understand the effect of anodizing time and fly-ash content, the parameters were varied from 5–60 min and 0–50 g/L, respectively. The findings suggested that 60 min of anodizing time provides the highest thickness and surface roughness at 35 µm and 6.5 µm, respectively. Interestingly, composite oxide coating with 50 g/L fly-ash provides the highest coating thickness but has the lowest roughness at 52 μm and 8.2 μm, respectively. The composite oxide coatings are observed to reduce friction only for a limited time, despite their potential in significantly reducing the wear rate. The wear mechanism observed was adhesion, micro-crack, and delamination. The findings of this study are believed to provide insight on the potential of fly-ash to be a reinforcement for wear-reduction materials.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2079-6412</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2079-6412</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/coatings12020256</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alloys ; Aluminum base alloys ; Aluminum oxide ; Anodizing ; Ashes ; Composite materials ; Corrosion resistance ; Fly ash ; Friction reduction ; Hard anodizing ; Lubricants & lubrication ; Mechanical properties ; Metal fatigue ; Microcracks ; Microhardness ; Oxide coatings ; Protective coatings ; Reinforcement ; Silicon dioxide ; Surface properties ; Surface roughness ; Surface treatment ; Thickness ; Tribology ; Wear mechanisms ; Wear rate ; Wear resistance</subject><ispartof>Coatings (Basel), 2022-02, Vol.12 (2), p.256</ispartof><rights>2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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Liza, Shahira ; Fukuda, Kanao ; Mohamad, Syazwani ; Hashimi, Mohd Zakir Fathi ; Yunus, Mohd Saifulnizam Mohd ; Yaakob, Yazid ; Othman, Intan Sharhida</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c313t-507590b46042389a59dc005558dad7754b9b8336b74c5c1ced67b43ffcf9b2b53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Alloys</topic><topic>Aluminum base alloys</topic><topic>Aluminum oxide</topic><topic>Anodizing</topic><topic>Ashes</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Corrosion resistance</topic><topic>Fly ash</topic><topic>Friction reduction</topic><topic>Hard anodizing</topic><topic>Lubricants & lubrication</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Metal fatigue</topic><topic>Microcracks</topic><topic>Microhardness</topic><topic>Oxide coatings</topic><topic>Protective coatings</topic><topic>Reinforcement</topic><topic>Silicon dioxide</topic><topic>Surface properties</topic><topic>Surface roughness</topic><topic>Surface treatment</topic><topic>Thickness</topic><topic>Tribology</topic><topic>Wear mechanisms</topic><topic>Wear rate</topic><topic>Wear resistance</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mat Tahir, Noor Ayuma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liza, Shahira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuda, Kanao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohamad, Syazwani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hashimi, Mohd Zakir Fathi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yunus, Mohd Saifulnizam Mohd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yaakob, Yazid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Othman, Intan Sharhida</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><jtitle>Coatings (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mat Tahir, Noor Ayuma</au><au>Liza, Shahira</au><au>Fukuda, Kanao</au><au>Mohamad, Syazwani</au><au>Hashimi, Mohd Zakir Fathi</au><au>Yunus, Mohd Saifulnizam Mohd</au><au>Yaakob, Yazid</au><au>Othman, Intan Sharhida</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Surface and Tribological Properties of Oxide Films on Aluminium Alloy through Fly-Ash Reinforcement</atitle><jtitle>Coatings (Basel)</jtitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>256</spage><pages>256-</pages><issn>2079-6412</issn><eissn>2079-6412</eissn><abstract>Hard anodizing has proven to be a helpful surface treatment for aluminium alloy and typically accompanied by the growth of a porous and highly flawed oxide layer. 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Interestingly, composite oxide coating with 50 g/L fly-ash provides the highest coating thickness but has the lowest roughness at 52 μm and 8.2 μm, respectively. The composite oxide coatings are observed to reduce friction only for a limited time, despite their potential in significantly reducing the wear rate. The wear mechanism observed was adhesion, micro-crack, and delamination. The findings of this study are believed to provide insight on the potential of fly-ash to be a reinforcement for wear-reduction materials.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><doi>10.3390/coatings12020256</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-1503</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6691-433X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2107-0898</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5282-1893</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alloys Aluminum base alloys Aluminum oxide Anodizing Ashes Composite materials Corrosion resistance Fly ash Friction reduction Hard anodizing Lubricants & lubrication Mechanical properties Metal fatigue Microcracks Microhardness Oxide coatings Protective coatings Reinforcement Silicon dioxide Surface properties Surface roughness Surface treatment Thickness Tribology Wear mechanisms Wear rate Wear resistance |
title | Surface and Tribological Properties of Oxide Films on Aluminium Alloy through Fly-Ash Reinforcement |
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