Hole Expansion Test and Characterization of High-Strength Hot-Rolled Steel Strip
The hole expansion characteristics of two steel grades with equivalent tensile strengths: a microalloyed steel, HS-700, and a dual-phase steel, DP-600, was examined. The hole expansion ratio (HER) was 63% for HS-700 and 41% for DP-600. The HS-700 steel gave superior HER due to more homogeneity in mi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 2022-03, Vol.75 (3), p.625-633 |
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| creator | Kumar Akela, Arbind Satish Kumar, D. Balachandran, G. |
| description | The hole expansion characteristics of two steel grades with equivalent tensile strengths: a microalloyed steel, HS-700, and a dual-phase steel, DP-600, was examined. The hole expansion ratio (HER) was 63% for HS-700 and 41% for DP-600. The HS-700 steel gave superior HER due to more homogeneity in microstructure and hardening phases. The DP-600 had inferior HER attributed to the microcrack generation & propagation at the interface ferrite/martensite interface. While the microstructure of DP-600 shows 22% hard martensite in a very soft ferrite, the HS-700 steel hardening is mainly due to thermomechanical processing, which gave fine grain structure along with finer carbides and nitrides associated with Nb and Ti. The YS/UTS ratio of HS-700 was 0.92 against 0.61 for DP-600, which favoured a more homogeneous strain distribution in ferrite that enhanced its HER. Although the DP-600 had higher elongation (26% against 22% for HS-700) and higher n value (0.21 for DP-600 against 0.12 for HS-700), the stretch formability was lower. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12666-021-02458-5 |
| format | Article |
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The hole expansion ratio (HER) was 63% for HS-700 and 41% for DP-600. The HS-700 steel gave superior HER due to more homogeneity in microstructure and hardening phases. The DP-600 had inferior HER attributed to the microcrack generation & propagation at the interface ferrite/martensite interface. While the microstructure of DP-600 shows 22% hard martensite in a very soft ferrite, the HS-700 steel hardening is mainly due to thermomechanical processing, which gave fine grain structure along with finer carbides and nitrides associated with Nb and Ti. The YS/UTS ratio of HS-700 was 0.92 against 0.61 for DP-600, which favoured a more homogeneous strain distribution in ferrite that enhanced its HER. 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The hole expansion ratio (HER) was 63% for HS-700 and 41% for DP-600. The HS-700 steel gave superior HER due to more homogeneity in microstructure and hardening phases. The DP-600 had inferior HER attributed to the microcrack generation & propagation at the interface ferrite/martensite interface. While the microstructure of DP-600 shows 22% hard martensite in a very soft ferrite, the HS-700 steel hardening is mainly due to thermomechanical processing, which gave fine grain structure along with finer carbides and nitrides associated with Nb and Ti. The YS/UTS ratio of HS-700 was 0.92 against 0.61 for DP-600, which favoured a more homogeneous strain distribution in ferrite that enhanced its HER. Although the DP-600 had higher elongation (26% against 22% for HS-700) and higher n value (0.21 for DP-600 against 0.12 for HS-700), the stretch formability was lower.</description><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Corrosion and Coatings</subject><subject>Dual phase steels</subject><subject>Elongation</subject><subject>Grain structure</subject><subject>High strength low alloy steels</subject><subject>Homogeneity</subject><subject>Hot rolling</subject><subject>Hot-rolled steel</subject><subject>Martensite</subject><subject>Materials Science</subject><subject>Metal strips</subject><subject>Metallic Materials</subject><subject>Microcracks</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Strain distribution</subject><subject>Strip steel</subject><subject>Thermomechanical treatment</subject><subject>Tribology</subject><issn>0972-2815</issn><issn>0975-1645</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9UE1Lw0AQXUTBWv0DngKeV_c7yVFKNUJBsfW8bDeTNiVm4-4W1F_vthG8eZgPZt57MzyErim5pYTkd4EypRQmjKYQssDyBE1ImUtMlZCnx55hVlB5ji5C2BHCS8b5BL1UroNs_jmYPrSuz1YQYmb6OpttjTc2gm-_TTxsXJNV7WaLl9FDv4nbrHIRv7qugzpbRoAuZd8Ol-isMV2Aq986RW8P89Wswovnx6fZ_QJbTsuIqQXbFKIomSU1AJR1SdckV1KmQSPSu4qQuhG5onWdCynLtSXKFNZwUMAFn6KbUXfw7mOfvtY7t_d9OqmZ4oQVUiqWUGxEWe9C8NDowbfvxn9pSvTBOT06p5Nz-uiclonER1JI4H4D_k_6H9YPc6VwXg</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Kumar Akela, Arbind</creator><creator>Satish Kumar, D.</creator><creator>Balachandran, G.</creator><general>Springer India</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Hole Expansion Test and Characterization of High-Strength Hot-Rolled Steel Strip</title><author>Kumar Akela, Arbind ; Satish Kumar, D. ; Balachandran, G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-1cecf84892c0deee9d91b076552c0f4097600df4761dd74559bc06a8ca3e6e343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Corrosion and Coatings</topic><topic>Dual phase steels</topic><topic>Elongation</topic><topic>Grain structure</topic><topic>High strength low alloy steels</topic><topic>Homogeneity</topic><topic>Hot rolling</topic><topic>Hot-rolled steel</topic><topic>Martensite</topic><topic>Materials Science</topic><topic>Metal strips</topic><topic>Metallic Materials</topic><topic>Microcracks</topic><topic>Microstructure</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Strain distribution</topic><topic>Strip steel</topic><topic>Thermomechanical treatment</topic><topic>Tribology</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kumar Akela, Arbind</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Satish Kumar, D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Balachandran, G.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kumar Akela, Arbind</au><au>Satish Kumar, D.</au><au>Balachandran, G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hole Expansion Test and Characterization of High-Strength Hot-Rolled Steel Strip</atitle><jtitle>Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals</jtitle><stitle>Trans Indian Inst Met</stitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>75</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>625</spage><epage>633</epage><pages>625-633</pages><issn>0972-2815</issn><eissn>0975-1645</eissn><abstract>The hole expansion characteristics of two steel grades with equivalent tensile strengths: a microalloyed steel, HS-700, and a dual-phase steel, DP-600, was examined. The hole expansion ratio (HER) was 63% for HS-700 and 41% for DP-600. The HS-700 steel gave superior HER due to more homogeneity in microstructure and hardening phases. The DP-600 had inferior HER attributed to the microcrack generation & propagation at the interface ferrite/martensite interface. While the microstructure of DP-600 shows 22% hard martensite in a very soft ferrite, the HS-700 steel hardening is mainly due to thermomechanical processing, which gave fine grain structure along with finer carbides and nitrides associated with Nb and Ti. The YS/UTS ratio of HS-700 was 0.92 against 0.61 for DP-600, which favoured a more homogeneous strain distribution in ferrite that enhanced its HER. Although the DP-600 had higher elongation (26% against 22% for HS-700) and higher n value (0.21 for DP-600 against 0.12 for HS-700), the stretch formability was lower.</abstract><cop>New Delhi</cop><pub>Springer India</pub><doi>10.1007/s12666-021-02458-5</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Chemistry and Materials Science Corrosion and Coatings Dual phase steels Elongation Grain structure High strength low alloy steels Homogeneity Hot rolling Hot-rolled steel Martensite Materials Science Metal strips Metallic Materials Microcracks Microstructure Original Article Strain distribution Strip steel Thermomechanical treatment Tribology |
| title | Hole Expansion Test and Characterization of High-Strength Hot-Rolled Steel Strip |
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