Extracellular Calcium Contributes to Orexin-Induced Postsynaptic Excitation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus Neurons
Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) receive projection from hypothalamus orexinergic neurons and express orexin receptor type 1 (OXR1). Orexin-A has a regulatory effect on feeding, sleep, arousal, reward processing, and drug addiction. Orexinergic neurons make excitatory afferent to th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 2022-03, Vol.28 (2), Article 68 |
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| description | Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) receive projection from hypothalamus orexinergic neurons and express orexin receptor type 1 (OXR1). Orexin-A has a regulatory effect on feeding, sleep, arousal, reward processing, and drug addiction. Orexinergic neurons make excitatory afferent to the LC neurons. However, the underlying mechanism of the orexin effect on LC neurons is not completely discerned. In the current study, the contribution of calcium to orexin-induced excitation of the rat LC neurons was studied in brainstem slice preparations by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. The application of orexin increased the firing rates of action potentials (APs) in normal artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). In low Ca
2+
aCSF orexin enhanced the firing rate higher than in normal aCSF. Orexin increased the mean amplitude of the depolarization and reduced the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) following each action potential in low Ca
2+
aCSF compared to normal aCSF. Furthermore, the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) is enhanced by orexin in low external Ca
2+
compared to normal aCSF but the amplitude of sEPSCs did not change. Current results have unraveled that orexin-A has an excitatory effect on the rat LC neurons. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10989-022-10379-0 |
| format | Article |
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2+
aCSF orexin enhanced the firing rate higher than in normal aCSF. Orexin increased the mean amplitude of the depolarization and reduced the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) following each action potential in low Ca
2+
aCSF compared to normal aCSF. Furthermore, the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) is enhanced by orexin in low external Ca
2+
compared to normal aCSF but the amplitude of sEPSCs did not change. Current results have unraveled that orexin-A has an excitatory effect on the rat LC neurons.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1573-3149</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-3904</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10379-0</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Action potential ; Afterhyperpolarization ; Animal Anatomy ; Arousal ; Biochemistry ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Brain slice preparation ; Brain stem ; Calcium (extracellular) ; Cerebrospinal fluid ; Depolarization ; Drug addiction ; Excitatory postsynaptic potentials ; Firing rate ; Gene expression ; Histology ; Hypothalamus ; Life Sciences ; Locus coeruleus ; Molecular Medicine ; Morphology ; Neurons ; Norepinephrine ; Orexins ; Peptides ; Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology ; Pharmacology/Toxicology ; Physiology ; Polymer Sciences ; Reinforcement ; Sensory neurons</subject><ispartof>International journal of peptide research and therapeutics, 2022-03, Vol.28 (2), Article 68</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-195515fe52832f527216965130db448d912b9d380ec1d708ec89cf80a6449a363</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-8579-3331</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10989-022-10379-0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10989-022-10379-0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kourosh-Arami, Masoumeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaeidi, Ayat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Semnanian, Saeed</creatorcontrib><title>Extracellular Calcium Contributes to Orexin-Induced Postsynaptic Excitation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus Neurons</title><title>International journal of peptide research and therapeutics</title><addtitle>Int J Pept Res Ther</addtitle><description>Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) receive projection from hypothalamus orexinergic neurons and express orexin receptor type 1 (OXR1). Orexin-A has a regulatory effect on feeding, sleep, arousal, reward processing, and drug addiction. Orexinergic neurons make excitatory afferent to the LC neurons. However, the underlying mechanism of the orexin effect on LC neurons is not completely discerned. In the current study, the contribution of calcium to orexin-induced excitation of the rat LC neurons was studied in brainstem slice preparations by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. The application of orexin increased the firing rates of action potentials (APs) in normal artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). In low Ca
2+
aCSF orexin enhanced the firing rate higher than in normal aCSF. Orexin increased the mean amplitude of the depolarization and reduced the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) following each action potential in low Ca
2+
aCSF compared to normal aCSF. Furthermore, the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) is enhanced by orexin in low external Ca
2+
compared to normal aCSF but the amplitude of sEPSCs did not change. Current results have unraveled that orexin-A has an excitatory effect on the rat LC neurons.</description><subject>Action potential</subject><subject>Afterhyperpolarization</subject><subject>Animal Anatomy</subject><subject>Arousal</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brain slice preparation</subject><subject>Brain stem</subject><subject>Calcium (extracellular)</subject><subject>Cerebrospinal fluid</subject><subject>Depolarization</subject><subject>Drug addiction</subject><subject>Excitatory postsynaptic potentials</subject><subject>Firing rate</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Histology</subject><subject>Hypothalamus</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Locus coeruleus</subject><subject>Molecular Medicine</subject><subject>Morphology</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Norepinephrine</subject><subject>Orexins</subject><subject>Peptides</subject><subject>Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology</subject><subject>Pharmacology/Toxicology</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Polymer Sciences</subject><subject>Reinforcement</subject><subject>Sensory neurons</subject><issn>1573-3149</issn><issn>1573-3904</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtKAzEUhoMoWKsv4CrgevQkmUuylFK1UKyIrkOayeiUaVJzgfbtjY7iztX5F__l8CF0SeCaADQ3gYDgogBKCwKsyeoITUjVsIIJKI9_NSnFKToLYQNQ0YbABNn5PnqlzTCkQXk8U4Pu0xbPnI2-X6doAo4Or7zZ97ZY2DZp0-InF2I4WLWLvcbzve6jir2z2HU4vhv8rCJeOp1CrjE-DSarR5O8s-EcnXRqCObi507R6938ZfZQLFf3i9ntstC0gVgQUVWk6kxFOaNdfpWSWtQVYdCuy5K3gtC1aBkHo0nbADeaC91xUHVZCsVqNkVXY-_Ou49kQpQbl7zNk5LWVFSU8JJkFx1d2rsQvOnkzvdb5Q-SgPziKkeuMnOV31wl5BAbQyGb7Zvxf9X_pD4BMx97Tg</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Kourosh-Arami, Masoumeh</creator><creator>Kaeidi, Ayat</creator><creator>Semnanian, Saeed</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8579-3331</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Extracellular Calcium Contributes to Orexin-Induced Postsynaptic Excitation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus Neurons</title><author>Kourosh-Arami, Masoumeh ; Kaeidi, Ayat ; Semnanian, Saeed</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c270t-195515fe52832f527216965130db448d912b9d380ec1d708ec89cf80a6449a363</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Action potential</topic><topic>Afterhyperpolarization</topic><topic>Animal Anatomy</topic><topic>Arousal</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Brain slice preparation</topic><topic>Brain stem</topic><topic>Calcium (extracellular)</topic><topic>Cerebrospinal fluid</topic><topic>Depolarization</topic><topic>Drug addiction</topic><topic>Excitatory postsynaptic potentials</topic><topic>Firing rate</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Histology</topic><topic>Hypothalamus</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Locus coeruleus</topic><topic>Molecular Medicine</topic><topic>Morphology</topic><topic>Neurons</topic><topic>Norepinephrine</topic><topic>Orexins</topic><topic>Peptides</topic><topic>Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology</topic><topic>Pharmacology/Toxicology</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Polymer Sciences</topic><topic>Reinforcement</topic><topic>Sensory neurons</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kourosh-Arami, Masoumeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaeidi, Ayat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Semnanian, Saeed</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><jtitle>International journal of peptide research and therapeutics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kourosh-Arami, Masoumeh</au><au>Kaeidi, Ayat</au><au>Semnanian, Saeed</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Extracellular Calcium Contributes to Orexin-Induced Postsynaptic Excitation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus Neurons</atitle><jtitle>International journal of peptide research and therapeutics</jtitle><stitle>Int J Pept Res Ther</stitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><artnum>68</artnum><issn>1573-3149</issn><eissn>1573-3904</eissn><abstract>Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) receive projection from hypothalamus orexinergic neurons and express orexin receptor type 1 (OXR1). Orexin-A has a regulatory effect on feeding, sleep, arousal, reward processing, and drug addiction. Orexinergic neurons make excitatory afferent to the LC neurons. However, the underlying mechanism of the orexin effect on LC neurons is not completely discerned. In the current study, the contribution of calcium to orexin-induced excitation of the rat LC neurons was studied in brainstem slice preparations by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. The application of orexin increased the firing rates of action potentials (APs) in normal artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF). In low Ca
2+
aCSF orexin enhanced the firing rate higher than in normal aCSF. Orexin increased the mean amplitude of the depolarization and reduced the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) following each action potential in low Ca
2+
aCSF compared to normal aCSF. Furthermore, the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) is enhanced by orexin in low external Ca
2+
compared to normal aCSF but the amplitude of sEPSCs did not change. Current results have unraveled that orexin-A has an excitatory effect on the rat LC neurons.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s10989-022-10379-0</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8579-3331</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Action potential Afterhyperpolarization Animal Anatomy Arousal Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Brain slice preparation Brain stem Calcium (extracellular) Cerebrospinal fluid Depolarization Drug addiction Excitatory postsynaptic potentials Firing rate Gene expression Histology Hypothalamus Life Sciences Locus coeruleus Molecular Medicine Morphology Neurons Norepinephrine Orexins Peptides Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology Pharmacology/Toxicology Physiology Polymer Sciences Reinforcement Sensory neurons |
| title | Extracellular Calcium Contributes to Orexin-Induced Postsynaptic Excitation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus Neurons |
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