Induction of Defense-Related Enzymes and Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Imparts Resistance to Barley Genotypes Against Spot Blotch Disease
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a major foliar disease of barley affecting its productivity worldwide. The barley cultivar with complete resistance to this pathogen is not yet identified. In the present study, leaves of six barley genotypes namely PL 807, BH 946, DWRUB 52, BL 1338, BL...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of plant growth regulation 2022-02, Vol.41 (2), p.682-696 |
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| creator | Kaur, Simardeep Bhardwaj, Rachana D. Kaur, Jaspal Kaur, Simarjit |
| description | Spot blotch caused by
Bipolaris sorokiniana
is a major foliar disease of barley affecting its productivity worldwide. The barley cultivar with complete resistance to this pathogen is not yet identified. In the present study, leaves of six barley genotypes namely PL 807, BH 946, DWRUB 52, BL 1338, BL 1369 and PL 426 inoculated with
Bipolaris sorokiniana
were evaluated for levels of H
2
O
2
, malondialdehyde, antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and β-glucan. The disease score was assessed at flag leaf (F) and one leaf lower to the flag leaf (F1) at two growth stages, i.e. GS 55 and GS 87. The genotype BL 1369 showed moderately resistant nature, PL 807, DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 moderately susceptible whereas other genotypes remained susceptible in response to this pathogen. During GS 87 stage, maximum increase of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities along with concomitant decrease of H
2
O
2
content in the infected F1 leaves of BL 1369 may contribute towards its moderately resistant character. However, downregulation of APX and GR enzymes in PL 426, BH 946 and DWRUB 52 may be responsible for their sensitivity towards this pathogen. Although on fungal inoculation, chitinase activity increased in all the genotypes except DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 but maximum increase was reported in BL 1369. β-glucanase activity also increased significantly in both the leaf tissues of BL 1369. It showed positive correlation with chitinase in the flag leaf at 1% level of significance. The β-glucan content decreased in DWRUB 52 and PL 426 upon fungal infection while it increased in BL 1338 and BL 1369 which further pointed out towards resistant character of BL 1369 as the cell wall is a physical barrier which constitutes the first line defence against pathogen attack. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00344-021-10333-2 |
| format | Article |
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Bipolaris sorokiniana
is a major foliar disease of barley affecting its productivity worldwide. The barley cultivar with complete resistance to this pathogen is not yet identified. In the present study, leaves of six barley genotypes namely PL 807, BH 946, DWRUB 52, BL 1338, BL 1369 and PL 426 inoculated with
Bipolaris sorokiniana
were evaluated for levels of H
2
O
2
, malondialdehyde, antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and β-glucan. The disease score was assessed at flag leaf (F) and one leaf lower to the flag leaf (F1) at two growth stages, i.e. GS 55 and GS 87. The genotype BL 1369 showed moderately resistant nature, PL 807, DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 moderately susceptible whereas other genotypes remained susceptible in response to this pathogen. During GS 87 stage, maximum increase of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities along with concomitant decrease of H
2
O
2
content in the infected F1 leaves of BL 1369 may contribute towards its moderately resistant character. However, downregulation of APX and GR enzymes in PL 426, BH 946 and DWRUB 52 may be responsible for their sensitivity towards this pathogen. Although on fungal inoculation, chitinase activity increased in all the genotypes except DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 but maximum increase was reported in BL 1369. β-glucanase activity also increased significantly in both the leaf tissues of BL 1369. It showed positive correlation with chitinase in the flag leaf at 1% level of significance. The β-glucan content decreased in DWRUB 52 and PL 426 upon fungal infection while it increased in BL 1338 and BL 1369 which further pointed out towards resistant character of BL 1369 as the cell wall is a physical barrier which constitutes the first line defence against pathogen attack.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0721-7595</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-8107</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10333-2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Agriculture ; Ammonia ; Antioxidants ; Ascorbic acid ; Barley ; Barriers ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Bipolaris sorokiniana ; Catalase ; Cell walls ; Chitinase ; Cultivars ; Enzymes ; Foliar diseases ; Fungi ; Genotypes ; Glucan ; Glutathione ; Glutathione reductase ; Hydrogen peroxide ; Inoculation ; L-Ascorbate peroxidase ; Leaves ; Life Sciences ; Malondialdehyde ; Pathogenesis ; Pathogenesis-related proteins ; Pathogens ; Peroxidase ; Phenylalanine ; Plant Anatomy/Development ; Plant Physiology ; Plant Sciences ; Plant tissues ; Polyphenol oxidase ; Proteins ; Reductases ; Spot blotch ; Tyrosine ; β-Glucan</subject><ispartof>Journal of plant growth regulation, 2022-02, Vol.41 (2), p.682-696</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-4dd51ab5b55fa686d3bf63bab7c006c85f5771899d38dfa65040a0df3ed566c73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-4dd51ab5b55fa686d3bf63bab7c006c85f5771899d38dfa65040a0df3ed566c73</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-1537-0974</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00344-021-10333-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00344-021-10333-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27922,27923,41486,42555,51317</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Simardeep</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhardwaj, Rachana D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Jaspal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Simarjit</creatorcontrib><title>Induction of Defense-Related Enzymes and Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Imparts Resistance to Barley Genotypes Against Spot Blotch Disease</title><title>Journal of plant growth regulation</title><addtitle>J Plant Growth Regul</addtitle><description>Spot blotch caused by
Bipolaris sorokiniana
is a major foliar disease of barley affecting its productivity worldwide. The barley cultivar with complete resistance to this pathogen is not yet identified. In the present study, leaves of six barley genotypes namely PL 807, BH 946, DWRUB 52, BL 1338, BL 1369 and PL 426 inoculated with
Bipolaris sorokiniana
were evaluated for levels of H
2
O
2
, malondialdehyde, antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and β-glucan. The disease score was assessed at flag leaf (F) and one leaf lower to the flag leaf (F1) at two growth stages, i.e. GS 55 and GS 87. The genotype BL 1369 showed moderately resistant nature, PL 807, DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 moderately susceptible whereas other genotypes remained susceptible in response to this pathogen. During GS 87 stage, maximum increase of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities along with concomitant decrease of H
2
O
2
content in the infected F1 leaves of BL 1369 may contribute towards its moderately resistant character. However, downregulation of APX and GR enzymes in PL 426, BH 946 and DWRUB 52 may be responsible for their sensitivity towards this pathogen. Although on fungal inoculation, chitinase activity increased in all the genotypes except DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 but maximum increase was reported in BL 1369. β-glucanase activity also increased significantly in both the leaf tissues of BL 1369. It showed positive correlation with chitinase in the flag leaf at 1% level of significance. The β-glucan content decreased in DWRUB 52 and PL 426 upon fungal infection while it increased in BL 1338 and BL 1369 which further pointed out towards resistant character of BL 1369 as the cell wall is a physical barrier which constitutes the first line defence against pathogen attack.</description><subject>Agriculture</subject><subject>Ammonia</subject><subject>Antioxidants</subject><subject>Ascorbic acid</subject><subject>Barley</subject><subject>Barriers</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bipolaris sorokiniana</subject><subject>Catalase</subject><subject>Cell walls</subject><subject>Chitinase</subject><subject>Cultivars</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Foliar diseases</subject><subject>Fungi</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Glucan</subject><subject>Glutathione</subject><subject>Glutathione reductase</subject><subject>Hydrogen peroxide</subject><subject>Inoculation</subject><subject>L-Ascorbate peroxidase</subject><subject>Leaves</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Malondialdehyde</subject><subject>Pathogenesis</subject><subject>Pathogenesis-related proteins</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Peroxidase</subject><subject>Phenylalanine</subject><subject>Plant Anatomy/Development</subject><subject>Plant Physiology</subject><subject>Plant Sciences</subject><subject>Plant tissues</subject><subject>Polyphenol oxidase</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Reductases</subject><subject>Spot blotch</subject><subject>Tyrosine</subject><subject>β-Glucan</subject><issn>0721-7595</issn><issn>1435-8107</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtOwzAQRS0EEuXxA6wssQ6M4zhOln3wqIQE4rG2nHhSglo72O6i_AF_jUsR7FiNRnPuHekQcsbgggHIywDAiyKDnGUMOOdZvkdGrOAiqxjIfTICmU5S1OKQHIXwBsDSIkfkc27Nuo29s9R1dIYd2oDZIy51REOv7MdmhYFqa-iDjq9ugRZDH36BB-8i9jbQ-WrQPgb6uD1HbVuk0dGJ9kvc0Bu0Lm6GVDRe6ERH-jS4SCdLF9tXOusD6oAn5KDTy4CnP_OYvFxfPU9vs7v7m_l0fJe1nNUxK4wRTDeiEaLTZVUa3nQlb3QjW4CyrUQnpGRVXRtemUQIKECD6TgaUZat5MfkfNc7ePe-xhDVm1t7m16qvMxrVrK82lL5jmq9C8Fjpwbfr7TfKAZqq1ztlKukXH0rV3kK8V0oJNgu0P9V_5P6ApLJhjE</recordid><startdate>20220201</startdate><enddate>20220201</enddate><creator>Kaur, Simardeep</creator><creator>Bhardwaj, Rachana D.</creator><creator>Kaur, Jaspal</creator><creator>Kaur, Simarjit</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0974</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220201</creationdate><title>Induction of Defense-Related Enzymes and Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Imparts Resistance to Barley Genotypes Against Spot Blotch Disease</title><author>Kaur, Simardeep ; Bhardwaj, Rachana D. ; Kaur, Jaspal ; Kaur, Simarjit</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c319t-4dd51ab5b55fa686d3bf63bab7c006c85f5771899d38dfa65040a0df3ed566c73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Agriculture</topic><topic>Ammonia</topic><topic>Antioxidants</topic><topic>Ascorbic acid</topic><topic>Barley</topic><topic>Barriers</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Bipolaris sorokiniana</topic><topic>Catalase</topic><topic>Cell walls</topic><topic>Chitinase</topic><topic>Cultivars</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Foliar diseases</topic><topic>Fungi</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Glucan</topic><topic>Glutathione</topic><topic>Glutathione reductase</topic><topic>Hydrogen peroxide</topic><topic>Inoculation</topic><topic>L-Ascorbate peroxidase</topic><topic>Leaves</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Malondialdehyde</topic><topic>Pathogenesis</topic><topic>Pathogenesis-related proteins</topic><topic>Pathogens</topic><topic>Peroxidase</topic><topic>Phenylalanine</topic><topic>Plant Anatomy/Development</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Plant Sciences</topic><topic>Plant tissues</topic><topic>Polyphenol oxidase</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Reductases</topic><topic>Spot blotch</topic><topic>Tyrosine</topic><topic>β-Glucan</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Simardeep</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhardwaj, Rachana D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Jaspal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Simarjit</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><jtitle>Journal of plant growth regulation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kaur, Simardeep</au><au>Bhardwaj, Rachana D.</au><au>Kaur, Jaspal</au><au>Kaur, Simarjit</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Induction of Defense-Related Enzymes and Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Imparts Resistance to Barley Genotypes Against Spot Blotch Disease</atitle><jtitle>Journal of plant growth regulation</jtitle><stitle>J Plant Growth Regul</stitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>682</spage><epage>696</epage><pages>682-696</pages><issn>0721-7595</issn><eissn>1435-8107</eissn><abstract>Spot blotch caused by
Bipolaris sorokiniana
is a major foliar disease of barley affecting its productivity worldwide. The barley cultivar with complete resistance to this pathogen is not yet identified. In the present study, leaves of six barley genotypes namely PL 807, BH 946, DWRUB 52, BL 1338, BL 1369 and PL 426 inoculated with
Bipolaris sorokiniana
were evaluated for levels of H
2
O
2
, malondialdehyde, antioxidative enzymes, non-enzymatic antioxidants, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and β-glucan. The disease score was assessed at flag leaf (F) and one leaf lower to the flag leaf (F1) at two growth stages, i.e. GS 55 and GS 87. The genotype BL 1369 showed moderately resistant nature, PL 807, DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 moderately susceptible whereas other genotypes remained susceptible in response to this pathogen. During GS 87 stage, maximum increase of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities along with concomitant decrease of H
2
O
2
content in the infected F1 leaves of BL 1369 may contribute towards its moderately resistant character. However, downregulation of APX and GR enzymes in PL 426, BH 946 and DWRUB 52 may be responsible for their sensitivity towards this pathogen. Although on fungal inoculation, chitinase activity increased in all the genotypes except DWRUB 52 and BL 1338 but maximum increase was reported in BL 1369. β-glucanase activity also increased significantly in both the leaf tissues of BL 1369. It showed positive correlation with chitinase in the flag leaf at 1% level of significance. The β-glucan content decreased in DWRUB 52 and PL 426 upon fungal infection while it increased in BL 1338 and BL 1369 which further pointed out towards resistant character of BL 1369 as the cell wall is a physical barrier which constitutes the first line defence against pathogen attack.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><doi>10.1007/s00344-021-10333-2</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0974</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of plant growth regulation, 2022-02, Vol.41 (2), p.682-696 |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Agriculture Ammonia Antioxidants Ascorbic acid Barley Barriers Biomedical and Life Sciences Bipolaris sorokiniana Catalase Cell walls Chitinase Cultivars Enzymes Foliar diseases Fungi Genotypes Glucan Glutathione Glutathione reductase Hydrogen peroxide Inoculation L-Ascorbate peroxidase Leaves Life Sciences Malondialdehyde Pathogenesis Pathogenesis-related proteins Pathogens Peroxidase Phenylalanine Plant Anatomy/Development Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Plant tissues Polyphenol oxidase Proteins Reductases Spot blotch Tyrosine β-Glucan |
| title | Induction of Defense-Related Enzymes and Pathogenesis-Related Proteins Imparts Resistance to Barley Genotypes Against Spot Blotch Disease |
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