Rheological properties, mechanical characteristics, and microstructures of gangue-cemented paste backfill: Linking to loess doses

Efficient and sustainable development is the core of green mining. In this paper, natural loess (LO), fly ash (FA), gangue (GA), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and mixing water were used to prepare gangue-cemented paste backfill (GCPB) for underground filling mining. To investigate the effect of pa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Arabian journal of geosciences 2022-02, Vol.15 (3), Article 244
Hauptverfasser: Zhao, Bingchao, Zhai, Di, Xin, Jie, Guo, Yaxin, Wang, Jingbin, Wei, Qimeng, Wang, Hailong, Tang, Renlong
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container_title Arabian journal of geosciences
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Zhai, Di
Xin, Jie
Guo, Yaxin
Wang, Jingbin
Wei, Qimeng
Wang, Hailong
Tang, Renlong
description Efficient and sustainable development is the core of green mining. In this paper, natural loess (LO), fly ash (FA), gangue (GA), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and mixing water were used to prepare gangue-cemented paste backfill (GCPB) for underground filling mining. To investigate the effect of partial replacement of FA with natural LO on GCPB performance, GCPB specimens with varying LO doses were produced. Rheological tests, slump tests, compression tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the rheological properties, macroscopic strength, and microstructural evolution of GCPB. The results of the experiments reveal that 1) the GCPB slurries were in accordance with the H-B model at various LO doses. The yield stress increased with increasing LO dose because the content of small particles increased. Specifically, the LO doses were positively correlated with the content of fine particles and yield stress. The increase in the amount of small particles resulted in a significant increase in their ability to absorb free water, an increase in particle friction, and an increase in yield stress. Moreover, the slump (219-276 mm) of the GCPB slurry increased and subsequently decreased as the LO dose increased. 2) With increasing curing time and decreasing LO dose, the UCS improved. The UCS with a curing time of 3 d showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing (due to the obvious influence of pore size) with increasing LO doses. In addition, the UCS decreased from 4.09 MPa (LF-1) to 2.15 MPa (LF-6) when the curing time was 28 d. The strength of the mine filling material was generally 1.5 MPa-2.0 MPa, and all the formulas can meet industrial requirements. 3) XRD and SEM had been used to examine the hydration products of GCPB samples. The hydration products of GCPB with LO doses were mostly composed of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), calcium aluminate hydrate (C-A-H), calcium hydroxide (CH), ettringite (AFt), and gismondite (CaAl 2 ·Si 2 O 8 ·4H 2 O). These hydration products with microporous low-density materials filled large pores and cemented them with GA particles, which improved the UCS of the GCPB specimens. Studying the rheological properties, mechanical properties, hydration products, and microstructure of GCPBs is an important prerequisite for green mining. Graphical abstract
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s12517-022-09472-x
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In this paper, natural loess (LO), fly ash (FA), gangue (GA), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and mixing water were used to prepare gangue-cemented paste backfill (GCPB) for underground filling mining. To investigate the effect of partial replacement of FA with natural LO on GCPB performance, GCPB specimens with varying LO doses were produced. Rheological tests, slump tests, compression tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the rheological properties, macroscopic strength, and microstructural evolution of GCPB. The results of the experiments reveal that 1) the GCPB slurries were in accordance with the H-B model at various LO doses. The yield stress increased with increasing LO dose because the content of small particles increased. Specifically, the LO doses were positively correlated with the content of fine particles and yield stress. The increase in the amount of small particles resulted in a significant increase in their ability to absorb free water, an increase in particle friction, and an increase in yield stress. Moreover, the slump (219-276 mm) of the GCPB slurry increased and subsequently decreased as the LO dose increased. 2) With increasing curing time and decreasing LO dose, the UCS improved. The UCS with a curing time of 3 d showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing (due to the obvious influence of pore size) with increasing LO doses. In addition, the UCS decreased from 4.09 MPa (LF-1) to 2.15 MPa (LF-6) when the curing time was 28 d. The strength of the mine filling material was generally 1.5 MPa-2.0 MPa, and all the formulas can meet industrial requirements. 3) XRD and SEM had been used to examine the hydration products of GCPB samples. The hydration products of GCPB with LO doses were mostly composed of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), calcium aluminate hydrate (C-A-H), calcium hydroxide (CH), ettringite (AFt), and gismondite (CaAl 2 ·Si 2 O 8 ·4H 2 O). These hydration products with microporous low-density materials filled large pores and cemented them with GA particles, which improved the UCS of the GCPB specimens. Studying the rheological properties, mechanical properties, hydration products, and microstructure of GCPBs is an important prerequisite for green mining. 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In this paper, natural loess (LO), fly ash (FA), gangue (GA), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and mixing water were used to prepare gangue-cemented paste backfill (GCPB) for underground filling mining. To investigate the effect of partial replacement of FA with natural LO on GCPB performance, GCPB specimens with varying LO doses were produced. Rheological tests, slump tests, compression tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the rheological properties, macroscopic strength, and microstructural evolution of GCPB. The results of the experiments reveal that 1) the GCPB slurries were in accordance with the H-B model at various LO doses. The yield stress increased with increasing LO dose because the content of small particles increased. Specifically, the LO doses were positively correlated with the content of fine particles and yield stress. The increase in the amount of small particles resulted in a significant increase in their ability to absorb free water, an increase in particle friction, and an increase in yield stress. Moreover, the slump (219-276 mm) of the GCPB slurry increased and subsequently decreased as the LO dose increased. 2) With increasing curing time and decreasing LO dose, the UCS improved. The UCS with a curing time of 3 d showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing (due to the obvious influence of pore size) with increasing LO doses. In addition, the UCS decreased from 4.09 MPa (LF-1) to 2.15 MPa (LF-6) when the curing time was 28 d. The strength of the mine filling material was generally 1.5 MPa-2.0 MPa, and all the formulas can meet industrial requirements. 3) XRD and SEM had been used to examine the hydration products of GCPB samples. The hydration products of GCPB with LO doses were mostly composed of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), calcium aluminate hydrate (C-A-H), calcium hydroxide (CH), ettringite (AFt), and gismondite (CaAl 2 ·Si 2 O 8 ·4H 2 O). These hydration products with microporous low-density materials filled large pores and cemented them with GA particles, which improved the UCS of the GCPB specimens. Studying the rheological properties, mechanical properties, hydration products, and microstructure of GCPBs is an important prerequisite for green mining. Graphical abstract</description><subject>Backfill</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Calcium aluminate</subject><subject>Calcium hydroxide</subject><subject>Calcium silicate hydrate</subject><subject>Compression</subject><subject>Compression tests</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Curing (processing)</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Electron microscopy</subject><subject>Ettringite</subject><subject>Fillers</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Gangue</subject><subject>Hydrates</subject><subject>Hydration</subject><subject>Hydroxides</subject><subject>Loess</subject><subject>Low density materials</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Microstructure</subject><subject>Mining</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Pore size</subject><subject>Portland cement</subject><subject>Portland cements</subject><subject>Rheological properties</subject><subject>Rheology</subject><subject>Scanning electron microscopy</subject><subject>Silicates</subject><subject>Slaked lime</subject><subject>Slurries</subject><subject>Sustainable development</subject><subject>Tests</subject><subject>Underground mining</subject><subject>X-ray diffraction</subject><subject>Yield strength</subject><subject>Yield stress</subject><issn>1866-7511</issn><issn>1866-7538</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LxDAQhosouK7-AU8Br1bzsW1Sb7L4BQuC6Dlk00k3u21TkxT06D83uyt68zTDzPvO8D5Zdk7wFcGYXwdCC8JzTGmOqxmn-cdBNiGiLHNeMHH42xNynJ2EsMa4FJiLSfb1sgLXusZq1aLBuwF8tBAuUQd6pfrdODVe6Qjehmh12qm-Rp3V3oXoRx1HDwE5gxrVNyPkGjroI9RoUCECWiq9MbZtb9DC9hvbNyg61DoIAdUuQDjNjoxqA5z91Gn2dn_3On_MF88PT_PbRa4oZUUuOCmpAaVnXAGeYUarJTdQCS6UoTWnIARVzJgypdTLCpYYWC0oI0VVlIqwaXaxv5tSvo8Qoly70ffppaQlpQlHyVlS0b1qmy54MHLwtlP-UxIst6jlHrVMqOUOtfxIJrY3hSTuG_B_p_9xfQM3CoSG</recordid><startdate>20220201</startdate><enddate>20220201</enddate><creator>Zhao, Bingchao</creator><creator>Zhai, Di</creator><creator>Xin, Jie</creator><creator>Guo, Yaxin</creator><creator>Wang, Jingbin</creator><creator>Wei, Qimeng</creator><creator>Wang, Hailong</creator><creator>Tang, Renlong</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20220201</creationdate><title>Rheological properties, mechanical characteristics, and microstructures of gangue-cemented paste backfill: Linking to loess doses</title><author>Zhao, Bingchao ; 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Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy &amp; Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Bingchao</au><au>Zhai, Di</au><au>Xin, Jie</au><au>Guo, Yaxin</au><au>Wang, Jingbin</au><au>Wei, Qimeng</au><au>Wang, Hailong</au><au>Tang, Renlong</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Rheological properties, mechanical characteristics, and microstructures of gangue-cemented paste backfill: Linking to loess doses</atitle><jtitle>Arabian journal of geosciences</jtitle><stitle>Arab J Geosci</stitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><artnum>244</artnum><issn>1866-7511</issn><eissn>1866-7538</eissn><abstract>Efficient and sustainable development is the core of green mining. In this paper, natural loess (LO), fly ash (FA), gangue (GA), ordinary Portland cement (OPC), and mixing water were used to prepare gangue-cemented paste backfill (GCPB) for underground filling mining. To investigate the effect of partial replacement of FA with natural LO on GCPB performance, GCPB specimens with varying LO doses were produced. Rheological tests, slump tests, compression tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the rheological properties, macroscopic strength, and microstructural evolution of GCPB. The results of the experiments reveal that 1) the GCPB slurries were in accordance with the H-B model at various LO doses. The yield stress increased with increasing LO dose because the content of small particles increased. Specifically, the LO doses were positively correlated with the content of fine particles and yield stress. The increase in the amount of small particles resulted in a significant increase in their ability to absorb free water, an increase in particle friction, and an increase in yield stress. Moreover, the slump (219-276 mm) of the GCPB slurry increased and subsequently decreased as the LO dose increased. 2) With increasing curing time and decreasing LO dose, the UCS improved. The UCS with a curing time of 3 d showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing (due to the obvious influence of pore size) with increasing LO doses. In addition, the UCS decreased from 4.09 MPa (LF-1) to 2.15 MPa (LF-6) when the curing time was 28 d. The strength of the mine filling material was generally 1.5 MPa-2.0 MPa, and all the formulas can meet industrial requirements. 3) XRD and SEM had been used to examine the hydration products of GCPB samples. The hydration products of GCPB with LO doses were mostly composed of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), calcium aluminate hydrate (C-A-H), calcium hydroxide (CH), ettringite (AFt), and gismondite (CaAl 2 ·Si 2 O 8 ·4H 2 O). These hydration products with microporous low-density materials filled large pores and cemented them with GA particles, which improved the UCS of the GCPB specimens. Studying the rheological properties, mechanical properties, hydration products, and microstructure of GCPBs is an important prerequisite for green mining. Graphical abstract</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s12517-022-09472-x</doi></addata></record>
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ispartof Arabian journal of geosciences, 2022-02, Vol.15 (3), Article 244
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subjects Backfill
Calcium
Calcium aluminate
Calcium hydroxide
Calcium silicate hydrate
Compression
Compression tests
Curing
Curing (processing)
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth science
Earth Sciences
Electron microscopy
Ettringite
Fillers
Fly ash
Gangue
Hydrates
Hydration
Hydroxides
Loess
Low density materials
Mechanical properties
Microstructure
Mining
Original Paper
Pore size
Portland cement
Portland cements
Rheological properties
Rheology
Scanning electron microscopy
Silicates
Slaked lime
Slurries
Sustainable development
Tests
Underground mining
X-ray diffraction
Yield strength
Yield stress
title Rheological properties, mechanical characteristics, and microstructures of gangue-cemented paste backfill: Linking to loess doses
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