Environment friendly refrigerant options for automobile air conditioners: a review
In this paper, the environment friendly refrigerant options suitable for automobile air conditioners are reviewed. Initially, the thermophysical, thermodynamic and chemical characteristics of the environment friendly refrigerant options are presented. Then, the reviews of research investigations rep...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 2022, Vol.147 (1), p.47-72 |
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| container_title | Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry |
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| creator | Mohanraj, M. Abraham, J. D. Andrew Pon |
| description | In this paper, the environment friendly refrigerant options suitable for automobile air conditioners are reviewed. Initially, the thermophysical, thermodynamic and chemical characteristics of the environment friendly refrigerant options are presented. Then, the reviews of research investigations reported on environment friendly refrigerant options (such as hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroolefins, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, composite mixed refrigerants and nanorefrigerants) are presented. The limitations and further research needs with environment friendly refrigerant options are identified and listed. The paper concludes that the hydrocarbon refrigerants will dominate the automobile air conditioning sector due to their good thermodynamic, thermophysical and environmental properties. Secondary loop configurations are recommended for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants to reduce the flammable risk. The carbon dioxide is identified as a good option for electrical vehicles operating at low ambient conditions. The hydrofluoroolefins have short atmospheric life and get decomposed in the atmosphere and form tri-fluoro-acetic acid, which is harmful to the aquatic environment. Hence, hydro-fluoro-olefins are identified as an interim option. The outcome of this review is more helpful to the manufacturers and researchers working in the field of automobile air conditioners. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10973-020-10286-w |
| format | Article |
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Secondary loop configurations are recommended for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants to reduce the flammable risk. The carbon dioxide is identified as a good option for electrical vehicles operating at low ambient conditions. The hydrofluoroolefins have short atmospheric life and get decomposed in the atmosphere and form tri-fluoro-acetic acid, which is harmful to the aquatic environment. Hence, hydro-fluoro-olefins are identified as an interim option. 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D. Andrew Pon</creatorcontrib><title>Environment friendly refrigerant options for automobile air conditioners: a review</title><title>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry</title><addtitle>J Therm Anal Calorim</addtitle><description>In this paper, the environment friendly refrigerant options suitable for automobile air conditioners are reviewed. Initially, the thermophysical, thermodynamic and chemical characteristics of the environment friendly refrigerant options are presented. Then, the reviews of research investigations reported on environment friendly refrigerant options (such as hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroolefins, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, composite mixed refrigerants and nanorefrigerants) are presented. The limitations and further research needs with environment friendly refrigerant options are identified and listed. The paper concludes that the hydrocarbon refrigerants will dominate the automobile air conditioning sector due to their good thermodynamic, thermophysical and environmental properties. Secondary loop configurations are recommended for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants to reduce the flammable risk. The carbon dioxide is identified as a good option for electrical vehicles operating at low ambient conditions. The hydrofluoroolefins have short atmospheric life and get decomposed in the atmosphere and form tri-fluoro-acetic acid, which is harmful to the aquatic environment. Hence, hydro-fluoro-olefins are identified as an interim option. 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D. Andrew Pon</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4870-3496</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2022</creationdate><title>Environment friendly refrigerant options for automobile air conditioners: a review</title><author>Mohanraj, M. ; Abraham, J. D. Andrew Pon</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-1f4f52a88d325888d437c79d5539074d1e4cc1e176d6b2f48b77f9fe4e6346b53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Acetic acid</topic><topic>Air conditioners</topic><topic>Air conditioning</topic><topic>Alkenes</topic><topic>Analytical Chemistry</topic><topic>Aquatic environment</topic><topic>Automobiles</topic><topic>Carbon dioxide</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Chlorofluorocarbons</topic><topic>Electric vehicles</topic><topic>Equipment and supplies</topic><topic>Flammability</topic><topic>Hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Hydrofluorocarbons</topic><topic>Inorganic Chemistry</topic><topic>Measurement Science and Instrumentation</topic><topic>Physical Chemistry</topic><topic>Polymer Sciences</topic><topic>Refrigerants</topic><topic>Thermodynamics</topic><topic>Thermophysical properties</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mohanraj, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abraham, J. D. Andrew Pon</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><jtitle>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mohanraj, M.</au><au>Abraham, J. D. Andrew Pon</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Environment friendly refrigerant options for automobile air conditioners: a review</atitle><jtitle>Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry</jtitle><stitle>J Therm Anal Calorim</stitle><date>2022</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>147</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>47</spage><epage>72</epage><pages>47-72</pages><issn>1388-6150</issn><eissn>1588-2926</eissn><abstract>In this paper, the environment friendly refrigerant options suitable for automobile air conditioners are reviewed. Initially, the thermophysical, thermodynamic and chemical characteristics of the environment friendly refrigerant options are presented. Then, the reviews of research investigations reported on environment friendly refrigerant options (such as hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroolefins, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, composite mixed refrigerants and nanorefrigerants) are presented. The limitations and further research needs with environment friendly refrigerant options are identified and listed. The paper concludes that the hydrocarbon refrigerants will dominate the automobile air conditioning sector due to their good thermodynamic, thermophysical and environmental properties. Secondary loop configurations are recommended for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants to reduce the flammable risk. The carbon dioxide is identified as a good option for electrical vehicles operating at low ambient conditions. The hydrofluoroolefins have short atmospheric life and get decomposed in the atmosphere and form tri-fluoro-acetic acid, which is harmful to the aquatic environment. Hence, hydro-fluoro-olefins are identified as an interim option. The outcome of this review is more helpful to the manufacturers and researchers working in the field of automobile air conditioners.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s10973-020-10286-w</doi><tpages>26</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4870-3496</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Acetic acid Air conditioners Air conditioning Alkenes Analytical Chemistry Aquatic environment Automobiles Carbon dioxide Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Chlorofluorocarbons Electric vehicles Equipment and supplies Flammability Hydrocarbons Hydrofluorocarbons Inorganic Chemistry Measurement Science and Instrumentation Physical Chemistry Polymer Sciences Refrigerants Thermodynamics Thermophysical properties |
| title | Environment friendly refrigerant options for automobile air conditioners: a review |
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