Time-Series Record of Ambient Platinum Group Elements over a Remote Himalayan Station: Insights over the Baseline Estimate to Judge Future Changes
Platinum group element (PGE) is among the emerging airborne contaminants mainly emitting from automobile catalysts. The ambient PGE concentration in Asia is expected to rise due to an increase in vehicle sales over the last two decades. Of all the Asian countries, the automobile industry in India ha...
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| creator | Nizam, Sarwar Mitra, Arijeet Shukla, Saurabh Misra, Sambuddha Sen, Indra S. |
| description | Platinum group element (PGE) is among the emerging airborne contaminants mainly emitting from automobile catalysts. The ambient PGE concentration in Asia is expected to rise due to an increase in vehicle sales over the last two decades. Of all the Asian countries, the automobile industry in India has grown at a spectacular rate (> 50% in the last 10 years) and is expected to become a hotspot of global PGE contamination. However, the Indian subcontinent can be regarded as a “white spot” on the global PGE contamination map, indicating the presence of very limited field data. Here, we report the annual time-series record of PGE concentrations of the airborne particulate matter |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11270-021-05478-5 |
| format | Article |
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10
) collected from a high-altitude remote site in the central Himalaya that draws a significant fraction of air mass from the heavily polluted Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The time-series record reveals that the PGE concentrations in PM
10
are amongst the lowest recorded levels globally, lack seasonal variability, and are derived from aged catalyst and coal combustion products. We conclude that the annual average Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ru concentrations of 0.88 ± 0.57, 2.07 ± 1.75, 0.14 ± 0.1, and 0.16 ± 0.08 pg m
−3
, respectively, would serve as a baseline concentration in PM
10
to judge the future magnitude of PGE contamination in the Indian subcontinent.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0049-6979</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2932</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11270-021-05478-5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Air masses ; Air pollution ; Airborne particulates ; Altitude ; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution ; Automobile industry ; Automobile sales ; Catalysts ; Catalytic converters ; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts ; Coal ; Combustion ; Combustion products ; Contaminants ; Contamination ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth science ; Environment ; Environmental monitoring ; High altitude ; Hydrogeology ; Motor vehicles ; Palladium ; Palladium catalysts ; Particulate emissions ; Particulate matter ; Platinum ; Pollution ; Seasonal variation ; Seasonal variations ; Soil Science & Conservation ; Suspended particulate matter ; Time series ; Transportation equipment industry ; Water Quality/Water Pollution</subject><ispartof>Water, air, and soil pollution, 2022, Vol.233 (1), Article 10</ispartof><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2022 Springer</rights><rights>The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c309t-676115108a1e93222c40c2a33b0d5311f3bbf4cc1a5677b8d2553357d494faa33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6589-723X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11270-021-05478-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11270-021-05478-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904,41467,42536,51298</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nizam, Sarwar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mitra, Arijeet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shukla, Saurabh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Misra, Sambuddha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sen, Indra S.</creatorcontrib><title>Time-Series Record of Ambient Platinum Group Elements over a Remote Himalayan Station: Insights over the Baseline Estimate to Judge Future Changes</title><title>Water, air, and soil pollution</title><addtitle>Water Air Soil Pollut</addtitle><description>Platinum group element (PGE) is among the emerging airborne contaminants mainly emitting from automobile catalysts. The ambient PGE concentration in Asia is expected to rise due to an increase in vehicle sales over the last two decades. Of all the Asian countries, the automobile industry in India has grown at a spectacular rate (> 50% in the last 10 years) and is expected to become a hotspot of global PGE contamination. However, the Indian subcontinent can be regarded as a “white spot” on the global PGE contamination map, indicating the presence of very limited field data. Here, we report the annual time-series record of PGE concentrations of the airborne particulate matter <10-micron-sized (PM
10
) collected from a high-altitude remote site in the central Himalaya that draws a significant fraction of air mass from the heavily polluted Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The time-series record reveals that the PGE concentrations in PM
10
are amongst the lowest recorded levels globally, lack seasonal variability, and are derived from aged catalyst and coal combustion products. We conclude that the annual average Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ru concentrations of 0.88 ± 0.57, 2.07 ± 1.75, 0.14 ± 0.1, and 0.16 ± 0.08 pg m
−3
, respectively, would serve as a baseline concentration in PM
10
to judge the future magnitude of PGE contamination in the Indian subcontinent.</description><subject>Air masses</subject><subject>Air pollution</subject><subject>Airborne particulates</subject><subject>Altitude</subject><subject>Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution</subject><subject>Automobile industry</subject><subject>Automobile sales</subject><subject>Catalysts</subject><subject>Catalytic converters</subject><subject>Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts</subject><subject>Coal</subject><subject>Combustion</subject><subject>Combustion products</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth science</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental monitoring</subject><subject>High altitude</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Motor vehicles</subject><subject>Palladium</subject><subject>Palladium catalysts</subject><subject>Particulate emissions</subject><subject>Particulate matter</subject><subject>Platinum</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Seasonal variation</subject><subject>Seasonal variations</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><subject>Suspended particulate matter</subject><subject>Time series</subject><subject>Transportation equipment industry</subject><subject>Water Quality/Water 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Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nizam, Sarwar</au><au>Mitra, Arijeet</au><au>Shukla, Saurabh</au><au>Misra, Sambuddha</au><au>Sen, Indra S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Time-Series Record of Ambient Platinum Group Elements over a Remote Himalayan Station: Insights over the Baseline Estimate to Judge Future Changes</atitle><jtitle>Water, air, and soil pollution</jtitle><stitle>Water Air Soil Pollut</stitle><date>2022</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>233</volume><issue>1</issue><artnum>10</artnum><issn>0049-6979</issn><eissn>1573-2932</eissn><abstract>Platinum group element (PGE) is among the emerging airborne contaminants mainly emitting from automobile catalysts. The ambient PGE concentration in Asia is expected to rise due to an increase in vehicle sales over the last two decades. Of all the Asian countries, the automobile industry in India has grown at a spectacular rate (> 50% in the last 10 years) and is expected to become a hotspot of global PGE contamination. However, the Indian subcontinent can be regarded as a “white spot” on the global PGE contamination map, indicating the presence of very limited field data. Here, we report the annual time-series record of PGE concentrations of the airborne particulate matter <10-micron-sized (PM
10
) collected from a high-altitude remote site in the central Himalaya that draws a significant fraction of air mass from the heavily polluted Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP). The time-series record reveals that the PGE concentrations in PM
10
are amongst the lowest recorded levels globally, lack seasonal variability, and are derived from aged catalyst and coal combustion products. We conclude that the annual average Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ru concentrations of 0.88 ± 0.57, 2.07 ± 1.75, 0.14 ± 0.1, and 0.16 ± 0.08 pg m
−3
, respectively, would serve as a baseline concentration in PM
10
to judge the future magnitude of PGE contamination in the Indian subcontinent.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><doi>10.1007/s11270-021-05478-5</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6589-723X</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0049-6979 |
| ispartof | Water, air, and soil pollution, 2022, Vol.233 (1), Article 10 |
| issn | 0049-6979 1573-2932 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2614938122 |
| source | Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Air masses Air pollution Airborne particulates Altitude Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Automobile industry Automobile sales Catalysts Catalytic converters Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts Coal Combustion Combustion products Contaminants Contamination Earth and Environmental Science Earth science Environment Environmental monitoring High altitude Hydrogeology Motor vehicles Palladium Palladium catalysts Particulate emissions Particulate matter Platinum Pollution Seasonal variation Seasonal variations Soil Science & Conservation Suspended particulate matter Time series Transportation equipment industry Water Quality/Water Pollution |
| title | Time-Series Record of Ambient Platinum Group Elements over a Remote Himalayan Station: Insights over the Baseline Estimate to Judge Future Changes |
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