Performance Estimates for a Fuel-Free Stationary Platform in the Stratosphere
High-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS) may be kept aloft indefinitely with station-keeping provided by plasma air thrusters (PAT) using wireless power transfer (WPT) from a terrestrial phased array antenna (PAA). One example is the patented "Sitallite" superpressure balloon with a rectifyi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE journal of radio frequency identification (Online) 2022, Vol.6, p.8-13 |
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| creator | Schubert, Peter J. van Wynsberghe, Erinn Finnell, Abigail J. Kragt Salgueiro, Cristian Suri, Ramaa Saket |
| description | High-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS) may be kept aloft indefinitely with station-keeping provided by plasma air thrusters (PAT) using wireless power transfer (WPT) from a terrestrial phased array antenna (PAA). One example is the patented "Sitallite" superpressure balloon with a rectifying antenna (rectenna) covering its underside, with thrusters around the periphery. Such a stationary platform can provide continuous observation and communications capabilities covering vast areas for a fraction of the cost required for an orbiting satellite. This work builds upon the design and safety study published elsewhere to provide performance estimates for a long-duration, persistent HAPS powered by electronically-steerable microwave beams. Newly-derived efficiency equations are used to provide accurate estimates of free-space WPT transfer efficiency based on the dimensions of the ground-based PAA and the rectenna. Calculations of air drag for a spheroidal bouyant shape are used to derive PAT power requirements, and these, together with power conversion circuitry, are used to size the overall system. Accurate estimates of cost are derived. These performance estimates can be used to help make economic and logistic decisions, as a fuel-free HAPS with PAT and powered by WPT can be lofted in less time, and with lower risk, than an orbital satellite of comparable capabilities. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/JRFID.2021.3080509 |
| format | Article |
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Kragt ; Salgueiro, Cristian ; Suri, Ramaa Saket</creator><creatorcontrib>Schubert, Peter J. ; van Wynsberghe, Erinn ; Finnell, Abigail J. Kragt ; Salgueiro, Cristian ; Suri, Ramaa Saket</creatorcontrib><description>High-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS) may be kept aloft indefinitely with station-keeping provided by plasma air thrusters (PAT) using wireless power transfer (WPT) from a terrestrial phased array antenna (PAA). One example is the patented "Sitallite" superpressure balloon with a rectifying antenna (rectenna) covering its underside, with thrusters around the periphery. Such a stationary platform can provide continuous observation and communications capabilities covering vast areas for a fraction of the cost required for an orbiting satellite. This work builds upon the design and safety study published elsewhere to provide performance estimates for a long-duration, persistent HAPS powered by electronically-steerable microwave beams. Newly-derived efficiency equations are used to provide accurate estimates of free-space WPT transfer efficiency based on the dimensions of the ground-based PAA and the rectenna. Calculations of air drag for a spheroidal bouyant shape are used to derive PAT power requirements, and these, together with power conversion circuitry, are used to size the overall system. Accurate estimates of cost are derived. These performance estimates can be used to help make economic and logistic decisions, as a fuel-free HAPS with PAT and powered by WPT can be lofted in less time, and with lower risk, than an orbital satellite of comparable capabilities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2469-7281</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2469-729X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2021.3080509</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IJRFAF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Piscataway: IEEE</publisher><subject>Antenna arrays ; Attitude control ; Circuits ; Energy conversion ; Estimates ; Force ; Fuels ; HAPS ; High altitude ; Mathematical model ; Phased arrays ; Plasmas ; power beaming ; Pseudo-satellite ; Radiofrequency identification ; Receiving antennas ; Rectennas ; satellite ; Satellites ; Superpressure balloons ; Terrestrial atmosphere ; Thrusters ; wireless power transfer ; Wireless power transmission</subject><ispartof>IEEE journal of radio frequency identification (Online), 2022, Vol.6, p.8-13</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 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Kragt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salgueiro, Cristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suri, Ramaa Saket</creatorcontrib><title>Performance Estimates for a Fuel-Free Stationary Platform in the Stratosphere</title><title>IEEE journal of radio frequency identification (Online)</title><addtitle>JRFID</addtitle><description>High-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS) may be kept aloft indefinitely with station-keeping provided by plasma air thrusters (PAT) using wireless power transfer (WPT) from a terrestrial phased array antenna (PAA). One example is the patented "Sitallite" superpressure balloon with a rectifying antenna (rectenna) covering its underside, with thrusters around the periphery. Such a stationary platform can provide continuous observation and communications capabilities covering vast areas for a fraction of the cost required for an orbiting satellite. This work builds upon the design and safety study published elsewhere to provide performance estimates for a long-duration, persistent HAPS powered by electronically-steerable microwave beams. Newly-derived efficiency equations are used to provide accurate estimates of free-space WPT transfer efficiency based on the dimensions of the ground-based PAA and the rectenna. Calculations of air drag for a spheroidal bouyant shape are used to derive PAT power requirements, and these, together with power conversion circuitry, are used to size the overall system. Accurate estimates of cost are derived. These performance estimates can be used to help make economic and logistic decisions, as a fuel-free HAPS with PAT and powered by WPT can be lofted in less time, and with lower risk, than an orbital satellite of comparable capabilities.</description><subject>Antenna arrays</subject><subject>Attitude control</subject><subject>Circuits</subject><subject>Energy conversion</subject><subject>Estimates</subject><subject>Force</subject><subject>Fuels</subject><subject>HAPS</subject><subject>High altitude</subject><subject>Mathematical model</subject><subject>Phased arrays</subject><subject>Plasmas</subject><subject>power beaming</subject><subject>Pseudo-satellite</subject><subject>Radiofrequency identification</subject><subject>Receiving antennas</subject><subject>Rectennas</subject><subject>satellite</subject><subject>Satellites</subject><subject>Superpressure balloons</subject><subject>Terrestrial atmosphere</subject><subject>Thrusters</subject><subject>wireless power transfer</subject><subject>Wireless power transmission</subject><issn>2469-7281</issn><issn>2469-729X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kE9PwkAQxTdGEwnyBfSyiefi_m27R4NUMRiJcvC22e5OQwm0uLsc-Pa2lnCayZv3ZjI_hO4pmVJK1NP7V7F4mTLC6JSTnEiirtCIiVQlGVM_15c-p7doEsKWEMKUpFzKEfpYga9avzeNBTwPsd6bCAF3Eja4OMIuKTwA_o4m1m1j_Amvdib2CVw3OG76kTexDYcNeLhDN5XZBZic6xiti_l69pYsP18Xs-dlYpkiMRGKsrKkJoM0La3NOC9tTqwD5YRzUrlK5HklMspF6SqVV1ZCp3OqMgfc8TF6HNYefPt7hBD1tj36pruoWUo5T7NUqM7FBpf1bQgeKn3w3Xv-pCnRPTj9D0734PQZXBd6GEI1AFwCSnDGleR_sLpqXQ</recordid><startdate>2022</startdate><enddate>2022</enddate><creator>Schubert, Peter J.</creator><creator>van Wynsberghe, Erinn</creator><creator>Finnell, Abigail J. Kragt</creator><creator>Salgueiro, Cristian</creator><creator>Suri, Ramaa Saket</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2250-9994</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2022</creationdate><title>Performance Estimates for a Fuel-Free Stationary Platform in the Stratosphere</title><author>Schubert, Peter J. ; van Wynsberghe, Erinn ; Finnell, Abigail J. Kragt ; Salgueiro, Cristian ; Suri, Ramaa Saket</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c290t-4912bb1a7e66bcc733bc80cde9d4dd59df488f47134bdf98fc5edd53197de3d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Antenna arrays</topic><topic>Attitude control</topic><topic>Circuits</topic><topic>Energy conversion</topic><topic>Estimates</topic><topic>Force</topic><topic>Fuels</topic><topic>HAPS</topic><topic>High altitude</topic><topic>Mathematical model</topic><topic>Phased arrays</topic><topic>Plasmas</topic><topic>power beaming</topic><topic>Pseudo-satellite</topic><topic>Radiofrequency identification</topic><topic>Receiving antennas</topic><topic>Rectennas</topic><topic>satellite</topic><topic>Satellites</topic><topic>Superpressure balloons</topic><topic>Terrestrial atmosphere</topic><topic>Thrusters</topic><topic>wireless power transfer</topic><topic>Wireless power transmission</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Schubert, Peter J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Wynsberghe, Erinn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Finnell, Abigail J. Kragt</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salgueiro, Cristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suri, Ramaa Saket</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE journal of radio frequency identification (Online)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Schubert, Peter J.</au><au>van Wynsberghe, Erinn</au><au>Finnell, Abigail J. Kragt</au><au>Salgueiro, Cristian</au><au>Suri, Ramaa Saket</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Performance Estimates for a Fuel-Free Stationary Platform in the Stratosphere</atitle><jtitle>IEEE journal of radio frequency identification (Online)</jtitle><stitle>JRFID</stitle><date>2022</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>6</volume><spage>8</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>8-13</pages><issn>2469-7281</issn><eissn>2469-729X</eissn><coden>IJRFAF</coden><abstract>High-altitude pseudo-satellites (HAPS) may be kept aloft indefinitely with station-keeping provided by plasma air thrusters (PAT) using wireless power transfer (WPT) from a terrestrial phased array antenna (PAA). One example is the patented "Sitallite" superpressure balloon with a rectifying antenna (rectenna) covering its underside, with thrusters around the periphery. Such a stationary platform can provide continuous observation and communications capabilities covering vast areas for a fraction of the cost required for an orbiting satellite. This work builds upon the design and safety study published elsewhere to provide performance estimates for a long-duration, persistent HAPS powered by electronically-steerable microwave beams. Newly-derived efficiency equations are used to provide accurate estimates of free-space WPT transfer efficiency based on the dimensions of the ground-based PAA and the rectenna. Calculations of air drag for a spheroidal bouyant shape are used to derive PAT power requirements, and these, together with power conversion circuitry, are used to size the overall system. Accurate estimates of cost are derived. 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| subjects | Antenna arrays Attitude control Circuits Energy conversion Estimates Force Fuels HAPS High altitude Mathematical model Phased arrays Plasmas power beaming Pseudo-satellite Radiofrequency identification Receiving antennas Rectennas satellite Satellites Superpressure balloons Terrestrial atmosphere Thrusters wireless power transfer Wireless power transmission |
| title | Performance Estimates for a Fuel-Free Stationary Platform in the Stratosphere |
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