Discovery of the Fastest Early Optical Emission from Overluminous SN Ia 2020hvf: A Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Environment
In this Letter we report a discovery of a prominent flash of a peculiar overluminous Type Ia supernova, SN 2020hvf, in about 5 hr of the supernova explosion by the first wide-field mosaic CMOS sensor imager, the Tomo-e Gozen Camera. The fast evolution of the early flash was captured by intensive int...
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creator | Jiang, Ji-an Maeda, Keiichi Kawabata, Miho Doi, Mamoru Shigeyama, Toshikazu Tanaka, Masaomi Tominaga, Nozomu Nomoto, Ken’ichi Niino, Yuu Sako, Shigeyuki Ohsawa, Ryou Schramm, Malte Yamanaka, Masayuki Kobayashi, Naoto Takahashi, Hidenori Nakaoka, Tatsuya Kawabata, Koji S. Isogai, Keisuke Aoki, Tsutomu Kondo, Sohei Mori, Yuki Arimatsu, Ko Kasuga, Toshihiro Okumura, Shin-ichiro Urakawa, Seitaro Reichart, Daniel E. Taguchi, Kenta Arima, Noriaki Beniyama, Jin Uno, Kohki Hamada, Taisei |
description | In this Letter we report a discovery of a prominent flash of a peculiar overluminous Type Ia supernova, SN 2020hvf, in about 5 hr of the supernova explosion by the first wide-field mosaic CMOS sensor imager, the Tomo-e Gozen Camera. The fast evolution of the early flash was captured by intensive intranight observations via the Tomo-e Gozen high-cadence survey. Numerical simulations show that such a prominent and fast early emission is most likely generated from an interaction between 0.01
M
⊙
circumstellar material (CSM) extending to a distance of ∼10
13
cm and supernova ejecta soon after the explosion, indicating a confined dense CSM formation at the final evolution stage of the progenitor of SN 2020hvf. Based on the CSM–ejecta interaction-induced early flash, the overluminous light curve, and the high ejecta velocity of SN 2020hvf, we suggest that the SN 2020hvf may originate from a thermonuclear explosion of a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (“super-
M
Ch
WD”). Systematical investigations on explosion mechanisms and hydrodynamic simulations of the super-
M
Ch
WD explosion are required to further test the suggested scenario and understand the progenitor of this peculiar supernova. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac375f |
format | Article |
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M
⊙
circumstellar material (CSM) extending to a distance of ∼10
13
cm and supernova ejecta soon after the explosion, indicating a confined dense CSM formation at the final evolution stage of the progenitor of SN 2020hvf. Based on the CSM–ejecta interaction-induced early flash, the overluminous light curve, and the high ejecta velocity of SN 2020hvf, we suggest that the SN 2020hvf may originate from a thermonuclear explosion of a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (“super-
M
Ch
WD”). Systematical investigations on explosion mechanisms and hydrodynamic simulations of the super-
M
Ch
WD explosion are required to further test the suggested scenario and understand the progenitor of this peculiar supernova.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2041-8205</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2041-8213</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac375f</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Austin: The American Astronomical Society</publisher><subject>Ejecta ; Emission ; Emissions ; Evolution ; Explosions ; Light curve ; Numerical simulations ; Supernova ; Supernovae ; Thermonuclear explosions ; Time domain astronomy ; Transient sources ; Type Ia supernovae ; White dwarf stars</subject><ispartof>Astrophysical journal. Letters, 2021-12, Vol.923 (1), p.L8</ispartof><rights>2021. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.</rights><rights>Copyright IOP Publishing Dec 01, 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-1cd49580b4e929bbfd03e9b30efe7ed3c11b6663583d4602e229ffe1f2b499293</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-1cd49580b4e929bbfd03e9b30efe7ed3c11b6663583d4602e229ffe1f2b499293</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5060-3673 ; 0000-0002-8792-2205 ; 0000-0001-6099-9539 ; 0000-0001-7501-8983 ; 0000-0001-8537-3153 ; 0000-0002-4540-4928 ; 0000-0002-6480-3799 ; 0000-0001-5903-7391 ; 0000-0001-9553-0685 ; 0000-0002-4060-5931 ; 0000-0002-1873-3494 ; 0000-0001-7825-0075 ; 0000-0002-6765-8988 ; 0000-0001-5797-6010 ; 0000-0003-1260-9502 ; 0000-0001-5322-5076 ; 0000-0002-2217-1359 ; 0000-0002-9092-0593 ; 0000-0001-9456-3709 ; 0000-0001-8253-6850 ; 0000-0003-4578-2619 ; 0000-0003-2611-7269</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ac375f/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Giop$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,38868,38890,53840,53867</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Ji-an</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Keiichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawabata, Miho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doi, Mamoru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shigeyama, Toshikazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanaka, Masaomi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tominaga, Nozomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nomoto, Ken’ichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niino, Yuu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sako, Shigeyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ohsawa, Ryou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schramm, Malte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamanaka, Masayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Naoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Hidenori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakaoka, Tatsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawabata, Koji S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isogai, Keisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoki, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kondo, Sohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mori, Yuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arimatsu, Ko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasuga, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okumura, Shin-ichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urakawa, Seitaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reichart, Daniel E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taguchi, Kenta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arima, Noriaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beniyama, Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uno, Kohki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamada, Taisei</creatorcontrib><title>Discovery of the Fastest Early Optical Emission from Overluminous SN Ia 2020hvf: A Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Environment</title><title>Astrophysical journal. Letters</title><addtitle>APJL</addtitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J. Lett</addtitle><description>In this Letter we report a discovery of a prominent flash of a peculiar overluminous Type Ia supernova, SN 2020hvf, in about 5 hr of the supernova explosion by the first wide-field mosaic CMOS sensor imager, the Tomo-e Gozen Camera. The fast evolution of the early flash was captured by intensive intranight observations via the Tomo-e Gozen high-cadence survey. Numerical simulations show that such a prominent and fast early emission is most likely generated from an interaction between 0.01
M
⊙
circumstellar material (CSM) extending to a distance of ∼10
13
cm and supernova ejecta soon after the explosion, indicating a confined dense CSM formation at the final evolution stage of the progenitor of SN 2020hvf. Based on the CSM–ejecta interaction-induced early flash, the overluminous light curve, and the high ejecta velocity of SN 2020hvf, we suggest that the SN 2020hvf may originate from a thermonuclear explosion of a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (“super-
M
Ch
WD”). Systematical investigations on explosion mechanisms and hydrodynamic simulations of the super-
M
Ch
WD explosion are required to further test the suggested scenario and understand the progenitor of this peculiar supernova.</description><subject>Ejecta</subject><subject>Emission</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Evolution</subject><subject>Explosions</subject><subject>Light curve</subject><subject>Numerical simulations</subject><subject>Supernova</subject><subject>Supernovae</subject><subject>Thermonuclear explosions</subject><subject>Time domain astronomy</subject><subject>Transient sources</subject><subject>Type Ia supernovae</subject><subject>White dwarf stars</subject><issn>2041-8205</issn><issn>2041-8213</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>O3W</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kM1PwkAQxRujiYjePU7iVWQ_Smm9ET6UhMhBPDfbZTYsaXfrbovyd_gPu4jBk6eZTN7vvcyLoltKHngaD_uMxLSXMsr7QvLhQJ1FndPp_LSTwWV05f2WEEYSmnair4n20u7Q7cEqaDYIM-Eb9A1MhSv3sKwbLUUJ00p7r60B5WwFywCUbaWNbT28vsBcAAuOm516hBGsNugqa1pZonAw_axL-4N-6GajDQiYoPEIY-1kW4WwsjzIzE47ayo0zXV0oUTp8eZ3dqO32XQ1fu4tlk_z8WjRk3FCmh6V6zgbpKSIMWNZUag14ZgVnKDCIa65pLRIkoQPUr4OAEPGMqWQKlbEWSB4N7o7-tbOvrfh53xrW2dCZM4Skg05ZYwHFTmqpLPeO1R57XQl3D6nJD9Unx-6zQ8958fqA3J_RLSt_zz_lX8DVLaGLA</recordid><startdate>20211201</startdate><enddate>20211201</enddate><creator>Jiang, Ji-an</creator><creator>Maeda, Keiichi</creator><creator>Kawabata, Miho</creator><creator>Doi, Mamoru</creator><creator>Shigeyama, Toshikazu</creator><creator>Tanaka, Masaomi</creator><creator>Tominaga, Nozomu</creator><creator>Nomoto, Ken’ichi</creator><creator>Niino, Yuu</creator><creator>Sako, Shigeyuki</creator><creator>Ohsawa, Ryou</creator><creator>Schramm, Malte</creator><creator>Yamanaka, Masayuki</creator><creator>Kobayashi, Naoto</creator><creator>Takahashi, Hidenori</creator><creator>Nakaoka, Tatsuya</creator><creator>Kawabata, Koji S.</creator><creator>Isogai, Keisuke</creator><creator>Aoki, Tsutomu</creator><creator>Kondo, Sohei</creator><creator>Mori, Yuki</creator><creator>Arimatsu, Ko</creator><creator>Kasuga, Toshihiro</creator><creator>Okumura, Shin-ichiro</creator><creator>Urakawa, Seitaro</creator><creator>Reichart, Daniel E.</creator><creator>Taguchi, Kenta</creator><creator>Arima, Noriaki</creator><creator>Beniyama, Jin</creator><creator>Uno, Kohki</creator><creator>Hamada, Taisei</creator><general>The American Astronomical Society</general><general>IOP Publishing</general><scope>O3W</scope><scope>TSCCA</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3673</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8792-2205</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6099-9539</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7501-8983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-3153</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-4928</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-3799</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5903-7391</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9553-0685</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-5931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-3494</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7825-0075</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-8988</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-6010</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-9502</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-5076</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-1359</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-0593</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-3709</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-6850</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4578-2619</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-7269</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211201</creationdate><title>Discovery of the Fastest Early Optical Emission from Overluminous SN Ia 2020hvf: A Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Environment</title><author>Jiang, Ji-an ; Maeda, Keiichi ; Kawabata, Miho ; Doi, Mamoru ; Shigeyama, Toshikazu ; Tanaka, Masaomi ; Tominaga, Nozomu ; Nomoto, Ken’ichi ; Niino, Yuu ; Sako, Shigeyuki ; Ohsawa, Ryou ; Schramm, Malte ; Yamanaka, Masayuki ; Kobayashi, Naoto ; Takahashi, Hidenori ; Nakaoka, Tatsuya ; Kawabata, Koji S. ; Isogai, Keisuke ; Aoki, Tsutomu ; Kondo, Sohei ; Mori, Yuki ; Arimatsu, Ko ; Kasuga, Toshihiro ; Okumura, Shin-ichiro ; Urakawa, Seitaro ; Reichart, Daniel E. ; Taguchi, Kenta ; Arima, Noriaki ; Beniyama, Jin ; Uno, Kohki ; Hamada, Taisei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-1cd49580b4e929bbfd03e9b30efe7ed3c11b6663583d4602e229ffe1f2b499293</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Ejecta</topic><topic>Emission</topic><topic>Emissions</topic><topic>Evolution</topic><topic>Explosions</topic><topic>Light curve</topic><topic>Numerical simulations</topic><topic>Supernova</topic><topic>Supernovae</topic><topic>Thermonuclear explosions</topic><topic>Time domain astronomy</topic><topic>Transient sources</topic><topic>Type Ia supernovae</topic><topic>White dwarf stars</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Ji-an</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maeda, Keiichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawabata, Miho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doi, Mamoru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shigeyama, Toshikazu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanaka, Masaomi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tominaga, Nozomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nomoto, Ken’ichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niino, Yuu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sako, Shigeyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ohsawa, Ryou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schramm, Malte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamanaka, Masayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kobayashi, Naoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Hidenori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nakaoka, Tatsuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kawabata, Koji S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isogai, Keisuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aoki, Tsutomu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kondo, Sohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mori, Yuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arimatsu, Ko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kasuga, Toshihiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okumura, Shin-ichiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Urakawa, Seitaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reichart, Daniel E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Taguchi, Kenta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arima, Noriaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beniyama, Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uno, Kohki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamada, Taisei</creatorcontrib><collection>IOP Publishing Free Content</collection><collection>IOPscience (Open Access)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Astrophysical journal. Letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jiang, Ji-an</au><au>Maeda, Keiichi</au><au>Kawabata, Miho</au><au>Doi, Mamoru</au><au>Shigeyama, Toshikazu</au><au>Tanaka, Masaomi</au><au>Tominaga, Nozomu</au><au>Nomoto, Ken’ichi</au><au>Niino, Yuu</au><au>Sako, Shigeyuki</au><au>Ohsawa, Ryou</au><au>Schramm, Malte</au><au>Yamanaka, Masayuki</au><au>Kobayashi, Naoto</au><au>Takahashi, Hidenori</au><au>Nakaoka, Tatsuya</au><au>Kawabata, Koji S.</au><au>Isogai, Keisuke</au><au>Aoki, Tsutomu</au><au>Kondo, Sohei</au><au>Mori, Yuki</au><au>Arimatsu, Ko</au><au>Kasuga, Toshihiro</au><au>Okumura, Shin-ichiro</au><au>Urakawa, Seitaro</au><au>Reichart, Daniel E.</au><au>Taguchi, Kenta</au><au>Arima, Noriaki</au><au>Beniyama, Jin</au><au>Uno, Kohki</au><au>Hamada, Taisei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Discovery of the Fastest Early Optical Emission from Overluminous SN Ia 2020hvf: A Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Environment</atitle><jtitle>Astrophysical journal. Letters</jtitle><stitle>APJL</stitle><addtitle>Astrophys. J. Lett</addtitle><date>2021-12-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>923</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>L8</spage><pages>L8-</pages><issn>2041-8205</issn><eissn>2041-8213</eissn><abstract>In this Letter we report a discovery of a prominent flash of a peculiar overluminous Type Ia supernova, SN 2020hvf, in about 5 hr of the supernova explosion by the first wide-field mosaic CMOS sensor imager, the Tomo-e Gozen Camera. The fast evolution of the early flash was captured by intensive intranight observations via the Tomo-e Gozen high-cadence survey. Numerical simulations show that such a prominent and fast early emission is most likely generated from an interaction between 0.01
M
⊙
circumstellar material (CSM) extending to a distance of ∼10
13
cm and supernova ejecta soon after the explosion, indicating a confined dense CSM formation at the final evolution stage of the progenitor of SN 2020hvf. Based on the CSM–ejecta interaction-induced early flash, the overluminous light curve, and the high ejecta velocity of SN 2020hvf, we suggest that the SN 2020hvf may originate from a thermonuclear explosion of a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (“super-
M
Ch
WD”). Systematical investigations on explosion mechanisms and hydrodynamic simulations of the super-
M
Ch
WD explosion are required to further test the suggested scenario and understand the progenitor of this peculiar supernova.</abstract><cop>Austin</cop><pub>The American Astronomical Society</pub><doi>10.3847/2041-8213/ac375f</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5060-3673</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8792-2205</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6099-9539</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7501-8983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-3153</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-4928</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6480-3799</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5903-7391</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9553-0685</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4060-5931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-3494</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7825-0075</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-8988</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5797-6010</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-9502</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-5076</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-1359</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-0593</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-3709</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-6850</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4578-2619</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-7269</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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source | IOP Publishing Free Content; Institute of Physics IOPscience extra; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
subjects | Ejecta Emission Emissions Evolution Explosions Light curve Numerical simulations Supernova Supernovae Thermonuclear explosions Time domain astronomy Transient sources Type Ia supernovae White dwarf stars |
title | Discovery of the Fastest Early Optical Emission from Overluminous SN Ia 2020hvf: A Thermonuclear Explosion within a Dense Circumstellar Environment |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-08T01%3A22%3A54IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Discovery%20of%20the%20Fastest%20Early%20Optical%20Emission%20from%20Overluminous%20SN%20Ia%202020hvf:%20A%20Thermonuclear%20Explosion%20within%20a%20Dense%20Circumstellar%20Environment&rft.jtitle=Astrophysical%20journal.%20Letters&rft.au=Jiang,%20Ji-an&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft.volume=923&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=L8&rft.pages=L8-&rft.issn=2041-8205&rft.eissn=2041-8213&rft_id=info:doi/10.3847/2041-8213/ac375f&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2609731223%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2609731223&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true |