The influence of sex and maturation on carotid and vertebral artery hemodynamics and associations with free-living (in)activity in 6-17-year-olds
We explored the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics (common carotid artery, CCA; internal carotid artery, ICA; and vertebral artery, VA), free-living physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children 6-17 yr of age. In addition, we investigated the relationshi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied physiology (1985) 2021-11, Vol.131 (5), p.1575-1583 |
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| creator | Tallon, Christine M Smith, Kurt J Nowak-Flück, Daniela Koziol, Alyssa V Rieger, Mathew G Lutes, Lesley D Green, Daniel J Tremblay, Mark S Ainslie, Philip N McManus, Ali M |
| description | We explored the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics (common carotid artery, CCA; internal carotid artery, ICA; and vertebral artery, VA), free-living physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children 6-17 yr of age. In addition, we investigated the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cervical artery hemodynamics. Seventy-eight children and adolescents, girls (
= 42; mean age, 11.4 ± 2.5 yr) and boys (
= 36; mean age, 11.0 ± 2.6 yr), completed anthropometric measures, duplex ultrasound assessment of the cervical arteries, and wore an activPAL accelerometer to assess physical activity (indexed by steps/day) and sedentary behavior for 7 days. The ICA and VA diameters were similar between prepubertal and pubertal groups, as was volumetric blood flow (
); however, the CCA diameter was significantly larger in the pubertal group (
< 0.05). Boys were found to have larger diameters in all cervical arteries than girls, as well as higher
,
, and global cerebral blood flow (
< 0.05). The pubertal group was more sedentary (100 min/day more;
< 0.05) and took 3,500 fewer steps/day than the prepubertal group (
< 0.05). Shear rate (SR) and
of the cervical arteries showed no relationship to physical activity or prolonged bouts of sedentary behavior; however, a significant negative relationship was apparent between total sedentary time and internal carotid artery shear rate (ICA
) after covarying for steps/day and maturation (
< 0.05). These findings provide novel insight into the potential influence sedentary behavior may have on cerebrovascular blood flow in healthy girls and boys.
Cerebral blood flow is known to change with age; however, assessing these age-related changes is complex and requires consideration of pubertal status. This, to our knowledge, is the first study to investigate the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics and subsequently explore associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior in healthy children and adolescents. Our findings suggest that habitual sedentary behavior may influence cervical artery hemodynamics in youth, independent of physical activity, maturation, and sex. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1152/japplphysiol.00537.2021 |
| format | Article |
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= 42; mean age, 11.4 ± 2.5 yr) and boys (
= 36; mean age, 11.0 ± 2.6 yr), completed anthropometric measures, duplex ultrasound assessment of the cervical arteries, and wore an activPAL accelerometer to assess physical activity (indexed by steps/day) and sedentary behavior for 7 days. The ICA and VA diameters were similar between prepubertal and pubertal groups, as was volumetric blood flow (
); however, the CCA diameter was significantly larger in the pubertal group (
< 0.05). Boys were found to have larger diameters in all cervical arteries than girls, as well as higher
,
, and global cerebral blood flow (
< 0.05). The pubertal group was more sedentary (100 min/day more;
< 0.05) and took 3,500 fewer steps/day than the prepubertal group (
< 0.05). Shear rate (SR) and
of the cervical arteries showed no relationship to physical activity or prolonged bouts of sedentary behavior; however, a significant negative relationship was apparent between total sedentary time and internal carotid artery shear rate (ICA
) after covarying for steps/day and maturation (
< 0.05). These findings provide novel insight into the potential influence sedentary behavior may have on cerebrovascular blood flow in healthy girls and boys.
Cerebral blood flow is known to change with age; however, assessing these age-related changes is complex and requires consideration of pubertal status. This, to our knowledge, is the first study to investigate the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics and subsequently explore associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior in healthy children and adolescents. Our findings suggest that habitual sedentary behavior may influence cervical artery hemodynamics in youth, independent of physical activity, maturation, and sex.</description><identifier>ISSN: 8750-7587</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1522-1601</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00537.2021</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34617820</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Physiological Society</publisher><subject>Accelerometers ; Adolescent ; Adolescents ; Age ; Arteries ; Blood flow ; Carotid arteries ; Carotid artery ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral blood flow ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Child ; Children ; Children & youth ; Diameters ; Female ; Girls ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Maturation ; Physical activity ; Sex ; Shear rate ; Veins & arteries ; Vertebrae ; Vertebral Artery - diagnostic imaging</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2021-11, Vol.131 (5), p.1575-1583</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Physiological Society Nov 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-2f691d30fcf0d32ba0faba4fd5f5e7b6bc6efbe54f6dc6155054e7009343a54c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-2f691d30fcf0d32ba0faba4fd5f5e7b6bc6efbe54f6dc6155054e7009343a54c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2611-0983 ; 0000-0003-3226-2921 ; 0000-0002-8914-6457 ; 0000-0001-8545-2556 ; 0000-0002-7817-230X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3039,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34617820$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tallon, Christine M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Kurt J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nowak-Flück, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koziol, Alyssa V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rieger, Mathew G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lutes, Lesley D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Daniel J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tremblay, Mark S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ainslie, Philip N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McManus, Ali M</creatorcontrib><title>The influence of sex and maturation on carotid and vertebral artery hemodynamics and associations with free-living (in)activity in 6-17-year-olds</title><title>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</title><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><description>We explored the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics (common carotid artery, CCA; internal carotid artery, ICA; and vertebral artery, VA), free-living physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children 6-17 yr of age. In addition, we investigated the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cervical artery hemodynamics. Seventy-eight children and adolescents, girls (
= 42; mean age, 11.4 ± 2.5 yr) and boys (
= 36; mean age, 11.0 ± 2.6 yr), completed anthropometric measures, duplex ultrasound assessment of the cervical arteries, and wore an activPAL accelerometer to assess physical activity (indexed by steps/day) and sedentary behavior for 7 days. The ICA and VA diameters were similar between prepubertal and pubertal groups, as was volumetric blood flow (
); however, the CCA diameter was significantly larger in the pubertal group (
< 0.05). Boys were found to have larger diameters in all cervical arteries than girls, as well as higher
,
, and global cerebral blood flow (
< 0.05). The pubertal group was more sedentary (100 min/day more;
< 0.05) and took 3,500 fewer steps/day than the prepubertal group (
< 0.05). Shear rate (SR) and
of the cervical arteries showed no relationship to physical activity or prolonged bouts of sedentary behavior; however, a significant negative relationship was apparent between total sedentary time and internal carotid artery shear rate (ICA
) after covarying for steps/day and maturation (
< 0.05). These findings provide novel insight into the potential influence sedentary behavior may have on cerebrovascular blood flow in healthy girls and boys.
Cerebral blood flow is known to change with age; however, assessing these age-related changes is complex and requires consideration of pubertal status. This, to our knowledge, is the first study to investigate the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics and subsequently explore associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior in healthy children and adolescents. Our findings suggest that habitual sedentary behavior may influence cervical artery hemodynamics in youth, independent of physical activity, maturation, and sex.</description><subject>Accelerometers</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Arteries</subject><subject>Blood flow</subject><subject>Carotid arteries</subject><subject>Carotid artery</subject><subject>Carotid Artery, Common</subject><subject>Carotid Artery, Internal</subject><subject>Cerebral blood flow</subject><subject>Cerebrovascular Circulation</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Diameters</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Girls</subject><subject>Hemodynamics</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Maturation</subject><subject>Physical activity</subject><subject>Sex</subject><subject>Shear rate</subject><subject>Veins & arteries</subject><subject>Vertebrae</subject><subject>Vertebral Artery - diagnostic imaging</subject><issn>8750-7587</issn><issn>1522-1601</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpNUc1q3DAQFqWh2aZ9hVTQS3vQRj-WtHsMoW0CgVySs5GlUVaLbTmSnNaPkTeusklDYWBmmO8H5kPoC6NrxiQ_25tp6qfdkkPs15RKodeccvYOreqVE6Yoe49WGy0p0XKjj9HHnPeUsqaR7AM6Fo1iesPpCj3d7gCH0fczjBZw9DjDH2xGhwdT5mRKiCOuZU2KJbjD5RFSgS6ZHps6pAXvYIhuGc0QbD4gTM7RhgM549-h7LBPAKQPj2G8x9_C-N3YUpeyVG-sCNNkAZNI7F3-hI686TN8fu0n6O7nj9uLS3J98-vq4vyaWLGlhXCvtswJ6q2nTvDOUG8603gnvQTdqc4q8B3IxitnFZOSygY0pVvRCCMbK07Q1xfdKcWHGXJp93FOY7Vsuaq_5IJrVVH6BWVTzDmBb6cUBpOWltH2OYr2_yjaQxTtcxSVefqqP3cDuDfev9-Lv5rFi70</recordid><startdate>20211101</startdate><enddate>20211101</enddate><creator>Tallon, Christine M</creator><creator>Smith, Kurt J</creator><creator>Nowak-Flück, Daniela</creator><creator>Koziol, Alyssa V</creator><creator>Rieger, Mathew G</creator><creator>Lutes, Lesley D</creator><creator>Green, Daniel J</creator><creator>Tremblay, Mark S</creator><creator>Ainslie, Philip N</creator><creator>McManus, Ali M</creator><general>American Physiological Society</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2611-0983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-2921</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8914-6457</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-2556</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-230X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20211101</creationdate><title>The influence of sex and maturation on carotid and vertebral artery hemodynamics and associations with free-living (in)activity in 6-17-year-olds</title><author>Tallon, Christine M ; Smith, Kurt J ; Nowak-Flück, Daniela ; Koziol, Alyssa V ; Rieger, Mathew G ; Lutes, Lesley D ; Green, Daniel J ; Tremblay, Mark S ; Ainslie, Philip N ; McManus, Ali M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c390t-2f691d30fcf0d32ba0faba4fd5f5e7b6bc6efbe54f6dc6155054e7009343a54c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Accelerometers</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adolescents</topic><topic>Age</topic><topic>Arteries</topic><topic>Blood flow</topic><topic>Carotid arteries</topic><topic>Carotid artery</topic><topic>Carotid Artery, Common</topic><topic>Carotid Artery, Internal</topic><topic>Cerebral blood flow</topic><topic>Cerebrovascular Circulation</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Diameters</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Girls</topic><topic>Hemodynamics</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Maturation</topic><topic>Physical activity</topic><topic>Sex</topic><topic>Shear rate</topic><topic>Veins & arteries</topic><topic>Vertebrae</topic><topic>Vertebral Artery - diagnostic imaging</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tallon, Christine M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smith, Kurt J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nowak-Flück, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koziol, Alyssa V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rieger, Mathew G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lutes, Lesley D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Daniel J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tremblay, Mark S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ainslie, Philip N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McManus, Ali M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tallon, Christine M</au><au>Smith, Kurt J</au><au>Nowak-Flück, Daniela</au><au>Koziol, Alyssa V</au><au>Rieger, Mathew G</au><au>Lutes, Lesley D</au><au>Green, Daniel J</au><au>Tremblay, Mark S</au><au>Ainslie, Philip N</au><au>McManus, Ali M</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The influence of sex and maturation on carotid and vertebral artery hemodynamics and associations with free-living (in)activity in 6-17-year-olds</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied physiology (1985)</jtitle><addtitle>J Appl Physiol (1985)</addtitle><date>2021-11-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>131</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1575</spage><epage>1583</epage><pages>1575-1583</pages><issn>8750-7587</issn><eissn>1522-1601</eissn><abstract>We explored the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics (common carotid artery, CCA; internal carotid artery, ICA; and vertebral artery, VA), free-living physical activity, and sedentary behavior in children 6-17 yr of age. In addition, we investigated the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cervical artery hemodynamics. Seventy-eight children and adolescents, girls (
= 42; mean age, 11.4 ± 2.5 yr) and boys (
= 36; mean age, 11.0 ± 2.6 yr), completed anthropometric measures, duplex ultrasound assessment of the cervical arteries, and wore an activPAL accelerometer to assess physical activity (indexed by steps/day) and sedentary behavior for 7 days. The ICA and VA diameters were similar between prepubertal and pubertal groups, as was volumetric blood flow (
); however, the CCA diameter was significantly larger in the pubertal group (
< 0.05). Boys were found to have larger diameters in all cervical arteries than girls, as well as higher
,
, and global cerebral blood flow (
< 0.05). The pubertal group was more sedentary (100 min/day more;
< 0.05) and took 3,500 fewer steps/day than the prepubertal group (
< 0.05). Shear rate (SR) and
of the cervical arteries showed no relationship to physical activity or prolonged bouts of sedentary behavior; however, a significant negative relationship was apparent between total sedentary time and internal carotid artery shear rate (ICA
) after covarying for steps/day and maturation (
< 0.05). These findings provide novel insight into the potential influence sedentary behavior may have on cerebrovascular blood flow in healthy girls and boys.
Cerebral blood flow is known to change with age; however, assessing these age-related changes is complex and requires consideration of pubertal status. This, to our knowledge, is the first study to investigate the influence of sex and maturation on resting cervical artery hemodynamics and subsequently explore associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior in healthy children and adolescents. Our findings suggest that habitual sedentary behavior may influence cervical artery hemodynamics in youth, independent of physical activity, maturation, and sex.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Physiological Society</pub><pmid>34617820</pmid><doi>10.1152/japplphysiol.00537.2021</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2611-0983</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-2921</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8914-6457</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-2556</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7817-230X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 8750-7587 |
| ispartof | Journal of applied physiology (1985), 2021-11, Vol.131 (5), p.1575-1583 |
| issn | 8750-7587 1522-1601 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_journals_2602123276 |
| source | MEDLINE; American Physiological Society; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Accelerometers Adolescent Adolescents Age Arteries Blood flow Carotid arteries Carotid artery Carotid Artery, Common Carotid Artery, Internal Cerebral blood flow Cerebrovascular Circulation Child Children Children & youth Diameters Female Girls Hemodynamics Humans Male Maturation Physical activity Sex Shear rate Veins & arteries Vertebrae Vertebral Artery - diagnostic imaging |
| title | The influence of sex and maturation on carotid and vertebral artery hemodynamics and associations with free-living (in)activity in 6-17-year-olds |
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